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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 4-[11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]-N,N-dimethylaniline —— C26H21Cl2N5O
    4-[11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]-N,N-dimethylaniline
    —— 11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-fluoro-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C26H20BrFN4O3
    11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-fluoro-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H16ClFN4O
    11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C27H24N4O4
    11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-chloro-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H19ClN4O2
    4-chloro-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-9-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C25H18Cl2N4O
    11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-9-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 9,11-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C28H26N4O5
    9,11-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— Isochromeno[4,3-b]chromene —— C16H10O2
    Isochromeno[4,3-b]chromene
    —— 4-chloro-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C27H23ClN4O4
    4-chloro-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H15Cl3N4O
    9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-chloro-9-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H15Cl3N4O
    4-chloro-9-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H22N4O3
    9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-chloro-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H19ClN4O2
    4-chloro-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H17ClN4O
    11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21BrN4O3
    11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 9-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-fluoro-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H15Cl2FN4O
    9-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-fluoro-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-chloro-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H16Cl2N4O
    4-chloro-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 5,7-bis[(2-chlorobenzyl)oxy]-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C29H20Cl2O4
    5,7-bis[(2-chlorobenzyl)oxy]-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 4-[9-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-11-yl]-N,N-dimethylaniline —— C28H28N6O
    4-[9-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-11-yl]-N,N-dimethylaniline
    —— 5,7-bis[(4-nitrobenzyl)oxy]-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C29H20N2O8
    5,7-bis[(4-nitrobenzyl)oxy]-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— Ethane;2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C20H24O2
    Ethane;2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 1,1-Dichloro-7a-methyl-7-(4-methylphenyl)-1a-phenyl-1,1a,7,7a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[b]chromene —— C24H20Cl2O
    1,1-Dichloro-7a-methyl-7-(4-methylphenyl)-1a-phenyl-1,1a,7,7a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[b]chromene
    —— 1,1-Dichloro-1a-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-7-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,1a,7,7a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[b]chromene —— C24H19Cl2FO2
    1,1-Dichloro-1a-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-7-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,1a,7,7a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[b]chromene
    —— 1,1-Dichloro-1a-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-7-(4-methylphenyl)-1,1a,7,7a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[b]chromene —— C25H22Cl2O2
    1,1-Dichloro-1a-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-7-(4-methylphenyl)-1,1a,7,7a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[b]chromene
    —— 2'-Amino-6-[3-amino-5-(methyliminomethyl)phenyl]-3'-methyl-2-phenylspiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one —— C26H25N5O2
    2'-Amino-6-[3-amino-5-(methyliminomethyl)phenyl]-3'-methyl-2-phenylspiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one
    —— 4-[3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-8-methoxybenzo[f]chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylnaphthalen-1-amine —— C34H32N2O2
    4-[3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-8-methoxybenzo[f]chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylnaphthalen-1-amine
    —— [3-[4-(Dimethylamino)naphthalen-1-yl]-3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]benzo[f]chromen-9-yl] 2-methylpropanoate —— C37H36N2O3
    [3-[4-(Dimethylamino)naphthalen-1-yl]-3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]benzo[f]chromen-9-yl] 2-methylpropanoate
    —— [6-Dodecanoyl-3-dodecanoyloxy-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-5-yl] dodecanoate —— C51H76O9
    [6-Dodecanoyl-3-dodecanoyloxy-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-5-yl] dodecanoate
    —— (2R,3R)-3-acetyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one;1-(4-hydroxy-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)ethanone —— C34H28O6
    (2R,3R)-3-acetyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one;1-(4-hydroxy-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)ethanone
    —— Ethane;2-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C20H24O4S
    Ethane;2-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 5-[(1S,5R,13S)-5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-9-hydroxy-18-nitro-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15(20),16,18-hexaen-13-yl]benzene-1,2,3-triol —— C30H23NO11
    5-[(1S,5R,13S)-5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-9-hydroxy-18-nitro-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15(20),16,18-hexaen-13-yl]benzene-1,2,3-triol
    —— methyl (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylate —— C23H22O12
    methyl (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylate
    —— 2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3H-chromen-4-one —— C25H28O5
    2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3H-chromen-4-one
    —— Quercetin 4'-O-galactoside —— C21H20O12
    Quercetin 4'-O-galactoside
    —— (3,5,6,7,8-Pentahydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)oxidanium —— C15H11O7+
    (3,5,6,7,8-Pentahydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)oxidanium
    —— 1-[2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-[(2S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one —— C22H24O10
    1-[2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-[(2S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one
    —— N,N-dimethyl-6-[(2-phenyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-2-yl)oxy]pyridin-3-amine —— C22H22N2O2
    N,N-dimethyl-6-[(2-phenyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-2-yl)oxy]pyridin-3-amine
    —— 7-Methoxy-2-[4-(4-morpholin-4-ylbutoxy)phenyl]chromen-4-one —— C24H27NO5
    7-Methoxy-2-[4-(4-morpholin-4-ylbutoxy)phenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(13-hydroxytridecyl)-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-5-ol —— C29H40O5
    2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(13-hydroxytridecyl)-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-5-ol
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-(3-methylbut-3-enyl)chromen-4-one —— C20H18O5
    5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-(3-methylbut-3-enyl)chromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C53H61O25+
    (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— N-[3-[8-(methanesulfonamido)-1-methoxy-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-yl]phenyl]propane-1-sulfonamide —— C24H26N2O6S2
    N-[3-[8-(methanesulfonamido)-1-methoxy-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-yl]phenyl]propane-1-sulfonamide
    —— 2-[3-[(2'R)-2-amino-3'-methyl-5-oxo-2'-phenylspiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]phenyl]acetonitrile —— C26H22N4O2
    2-[3-[(2'R)-2-amino-3'-methyl-5-oxo-2'-phenylspiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]phenyl]acetonitrile
    —— ethyl 2-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]acetate —— C19H20O8
    ethyl 2-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]acetate
    —— 7-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-(2-methyl-2-oxo-1,3,2lambda5-benzodioxaphosphol-5-yl)chromen-4-one —— C18H15O6P
    7-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-(2-methyl-2-oxo-1,3,2lambda5-benzodioxaphosphol-5-yl)chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3-methoxy-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C23H19NO5
    2-(3-methoxy-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoate —— C22H14O11
    [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoate
    —— 8-[(2S,3R)-2-(azidomethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one —— C23H23ClN4O4
    8-[(2S,3R)-2-(azidomethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[[(2S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]methyl]chromen-4-one —— C28H32O15
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[[(2S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]methyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-3-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C23H24O12
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-3-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one