黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | 1',1'-Dicyclohexyl-5,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)spiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane] | 1416325-71-7 | C51H54O3 |
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—— | 5-(Furan-2-yl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane] | 1416325-83-1 | C48H38O3 |
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—— | 10-Methoxy-5,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',1',5',5'-tetramethyl-11-(4-methylphenyl)spiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,3'-cyclohexane] | —— | C51H50O4 |
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—— | 3',3',5,5-Tetraphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,1'-cyclobutane] | 1416325-69-3 | C47H34O |
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—— | 14,14-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',1'-diphenyl-21,21-di(propan-2-yl)spiro[15,22-dioxa-20-thiahexacyclo[15.7.0.02,10.03,8.011,16.019,23]tetracosa-1(24),2(10),3,5,7,11(16),12,17,19(23)-nonaene-9,4'-cyclohexane] | 1416325-77-3 | C58H54O4S |
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—— | 6',6'-Dicyclohexyl-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-methylphenyl)spiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,3'-cyclohexene] | 1416325-74-0 | C51H52O2 |
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—— | 10-Methoxy-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-methylphenyl)-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8(13),9,11,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane] | —— | C52H44O3 |
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—— | 4-[4-[5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-10,18-dimethyl-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8(13),9,11,15(20),16,18-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane]-5-yl]phenyl]morpholine | —— | C56H51NO3 |
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—— | 5,5-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',1'-bis(2-methylpropyl)spiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane] | 1416325-75-1 | C47H50O3 |
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—— | 5,5-Bis(4-butoxyphenyl)-10,18-dimethyl-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8(13),9,11,15(20),16,18-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane] | —— | C59H58O3 |
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—— | 4-[4-[10-Methoxy-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8(13),9,11,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane]-5-yl]phenyl]morpholine | 1416325-61-5 | C55H49NO4 |
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—— | 5,5-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',1'-dimethylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane] | —— | C41H38O3 |
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—— | 5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane] | 1416325-81-9 | C45H38O2 |
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—— | N,N-dimethyl-4-(1',1',5-triphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane]-5-yl)aniline | 1416325-63-7 | C51H43NO |
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—— | 4-[4-[5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-21,21-diphenyl-6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaen-5-yl]phenyl]morpholine | —— | C49H39NO3 |
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—— | 10-Methoxy-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-1',1',5-triphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane] | —— | C58H48O3 |
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—— | 4-[4-[5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-10,18-dimethyl-6',6'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8(13),9,11,15(20),16,18-nonaene-21,3'-cyclohexene]-5-yl]phenyl]morpholine | 1416325-67-1 | C56H49NO3 |
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—— | 4-[4-(1',1'-Dicyclohexyl-5-phenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane]-5-yl)phenyl]morpholine | 1416325-72-8 | C53H57NO2 |
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—— | 5,5-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)spiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,2'-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane] | —— | C40H34O3 |
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—— | 10-Methoxy-5,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-18-methyl-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8(13),9,11,15(20),16,18-nonaene-21,3'-cyclopentane] | —— | C52H44O4 |
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—— | 4',4'-Ditert-butyl-5,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)spiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,1'-cyclohexane] | 1416325-80-8 | C47H50O3 |
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—— | 4-[5,5-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-10-methylsulfanyl-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane]-11-yl]morpholine | 1416325-65-9 | C56H51NO4S |
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—— | 5,5-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-21-methyl-6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaen-21-ol | —— | C35H28O4 |
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—— | 10-Methoxy-5,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8(13),9,11,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane] | 1416325-60-4 | C52H44O4 |
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—— | 10-Methoxy-5,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane] | —— | C59H50O4 |
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—— | [10-Methoxy-5,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-18,21,21-trimethyl-6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8(13),9,11,15(20),16,18-nonaen-11-yl]methanol | —— | C39H36O5 |
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—— | (2S)-7-[(2S,5S)-6-[[(2R,3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O14 |
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—— | (2S)-7-[(2S,4R,5S)-6-[[(2R,3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O14 |
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—— | 7-(Hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C17H14O4 |
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—— | Cyclohexyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxyacetate | —— | C24H24O6 |
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—— | [7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-5-yl] (2S,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-oxohexanoate | —— | C21H20O11 |
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—— | (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one;(2S,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-oxohexanoic acid | —— | C21H22O12 |
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—— | 3,3,9,9-Tetraphenylchromeno[8,7-h]chromene | —— | C40H28O2 |
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—— | 4-[1'-Cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl-10-methoxy-5-(4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)-1'-phenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8(13),9,11,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane]-5-yl]phenol | —— | C54H49NO4 |
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—— | 1-[4-[5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1',1'-diphenylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,4'-cyclohexane]-5-yl]phenyl]-2-methylbutane-2-thiol | —— | C55H50O2S |
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—— | 4-[5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-21-methyl-21-nitroso-6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaen-5-yl]phenol | —— | C34H25NO4 |
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—— | 5,5,11-Tris(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',1',5',5'-tetramethylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,3'-cyclohexane]-10-ol | —— | C50H48O5 |
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—— | 4-[5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)spiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene-21,2'-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane]-5-yl]phenol | —— | C39H32O3 |
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—— | 5,13-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-16-[1-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]ethyl]-7-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15(20),16,18-hexaene-6,9,17,19,21-pentol | —— | C63H54O24 |
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—— | Methyl 8-[4-(4-methylphenyl)phenyl]-2-phenyl-2-(4-piperidin-1-ylphenyl)benzo[h]chromene-5-carboxylate | —— | C45H39NO3 |
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—— | Methyl 8-[4-(4-methylphenyl)phenyl]-2-phenyl-2-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylphenyl)benzo[h]chromene-5-carboxylate | —— | C44H37NO3 |
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—— | [(2R,3S,5R,6S)-6-[2-[3-(1-benzofuran-5-yl)propanoyl]-3-hydroxy-5-methylphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl methyl carbonate | —— | C26H28O11 |
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—— | 11-Methoxy-5,10-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',1',5',5'-tetramethyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-18-methylsulfanylspiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15(20),16,18-nonaene-21,3'-cyclohexane] | —— | C52H52O4S |
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—— | (E)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-[(2S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C29H36O15 |
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—— | N-[[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-3-yl]methyl]-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide | —— | C26H21NO5 |
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—— | N-[[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-3-yl]methyl]-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide | —— | C26H21NO5 |
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—— | 5,10-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',1',5',5',11,18-hexamethyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)spiro[6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8(13),9,11,15(20),16,18-nonaene-21,3'-cyclohexane] | —— | C52H52O3 |
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—— | [(2R,3R)-2-[8-[(3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]-3,4,6-trihydroxy-5-oxobenzo[7]annulen-1-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 1-[(2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]-3,4,6-trihydroxy-5-oxobenzo[7]annulene-8-carboxylate | —— | C65H48O28 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C34H28O10 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C34H28O14 |
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