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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— dihydroquercetin 3,3',4',7-tetraacetate —— C23H20O11
    dihydroquercetin 3,3',4',7-tetraacetate
    —— (2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin-7,3'-dimethyl ether 37971-67-8 C17H16O7
    (2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin-7,3'-dimethyl ether
    —— taxifolin pentaacetate —— C25H22O12
    taxifolin pentaacetate
    —— 7-O-(3′,4′,5′-tri-O-benzylgalloyl)taxifolin 1420045-08-4 C43H34O11
    7-O-(3′,4′,5′-tri-O-benzylgalloyl)taxifolin
    —— (2R,3R)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanonol 2"-acetylrhamnoside 1298135-47-3 C23H24O12
    (2R,3R)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanonol 2"-acetylrhamnoside
    —— 3'-O-(1-phenyltetrazol-5-yl)diosmin 771480-96-7 C35H36N4O15
    3'-O-(1-phenyltetrazol-5-yl)diosmin
    —— hesperidin 520-27-4 C28H32O15
    hesperidin
    —— (2R,3S,4S)-2,3-trans-3,4-cis-4-(2,4,6-Trihydroxyphenyl)-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavan-3-ol 78284-51-2 C21H18O9
    (2R,3S,4S)-2,3-trans-3,4-cis-4-(2,4,6-Trihydroxyphenyl)-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavan-3-ol
    —— (2R,3S,4R)-2,3-trans-3,4-trans-4-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavan-3-ol 125136-17-6 C21H18O8
    (2R,3S,4R)-2,3-trans-3,4-trans-4-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavan-3-ol
    —— proanthocyanidin B4 51196-38-4 C30H26O12
    proanthocyanidin B4
    —— 8-amino-2-(2-chlorobenzoyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one 920006-38-8 C15H10ClNO3
    8-amino-2-(2-chlorobenzoyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-8-piperidin-1-ylchromen-4-one 920006-47-9 C20H18ClNO3
    2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-8-piperidin-1-ylchromen-4-one
    —— 3',4'-Methylendioxy-flavanon 54401-46-6 C16H12O4
    3',4'-Methylendioxy-flavanon
    —— 3-((benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-7-yl)methylene)-2-phenylchroman-4-one 67570-48-3 C23H16O4
    3-((benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-7-yl)methylene)-2-phenylchroman-4-one
    —— 2-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-6-isopropoxychroman-4-one 203919-38-4 C19H18O5
    2-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-6-isopropoxychroman-4-one
    —— 6-Fluor-2'-hydroxy-flavonol 4257-57-2 C15H9FO4
    6-Fluor-2'-hydroxy-flavonol
    —— 6-chloro-3-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one 100914-75-8 C15H9ClO4
    6-chloro-3-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one
    —— ethyl N-[(E)-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]carbamate 1416850-06-0 C18H18N2O6
    ethyl N-[(E)-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]carbamate
    —— 6-bromo-2-phenylchroman 73110-76-6 C15H13BrO
    6-bromo-2-phenylchroman
    —— 5-(4-Oxo-2-phenyl-8-propylchromen-7-yl)oxypentanenitrile 200355-36-8 C23H23NO3
    5-(4-Oxo-2-phenyl-8-propylchromen-7-yl)oxypentanenitrile
    —— 7-bromo-6-methoxy-2-phenylchroman 1311270-99-1 C16H15BrO2
    7-bromo-6-methoxy-2-phenylchroman
    —— 7-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-8-propylchromen-4-one 200355-29-9 C18H16O3
    7-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-8-propylchromen-4-one
    —— methyl 7-methoxy-2-phenylchroman-6-carboxylate 1311271-00-7 C18H18O4
    methyl 7-methoxy-2-phenylchroman-6-carboxylate
    —— 6-bromo-7-methoxy-2-phenylchroman 1153673-83-6 C16H15BrO2
    6-bromo-7-methoxy-2-phenylchroman
    —— 4'-hydroxy-5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone 6938-18-7 C18H16O6
    4'-hydroxy-5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone
    —— 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 1645-21-2 C15H9FO2
    2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(naphthalen-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one 113486-35-4 C19H12O2
    2-(naphthalen-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— methyl 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-(5-hydroxypentoxy)-6-propan-2-yloxy-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate 1027995-25-0 C26H30O8
    methyl 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-(5-hydroxypentoxy)-6-propan-2-yloxy-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate
    —— tetradecyl 2-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yloxy)acetate 1217342-34-1 C31H40O6
    tetradecyl 2-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yloxy)acetate
    —— 2-(3-hydroxy-phenyl)-7-methoxy-chromen-4-one 320576-70-3 C16H12O4
    2-(3-hydroxy-phenyl)-7-methoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— hypolaetin 4'-methyl ether 8-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside 135010-46-7 C22H20O13
    hypolaetin 4'-methyl ether 8-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside
    —— (2S)-dihydrooroxylin A-7-O-(methyl glucuronide) 1207526-30-4 C23H24O11
    (2S)-dihydrooroxylin A-7-O-(methyl glucuronide)
    —— isoscutellarein 4'-methyl ether 8-O-β-D-glucuronide 71815-36-6 C22H20O12
    isoscutellarein 4'-methyl ether 8-O-β-D-glucuronide
    —— 7-(2-bromoethoxy)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 883242-81-7 C20H19BrO6
    7-(2-bromoethoxy)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 7-(3-bromopropoxy)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 883242-82-8 C21H21BrO6
    7-(3-bromopropoxy)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— (4-(methylthio)phenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 215999-35-2 C16H12O2S
    (4-(methylthio)phenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran 159550-78-4 C28H24O4
    3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran
    —— 3-O-[(E)-4-(4-butoxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-en-1-yl]kaempferol 1338577-16-4 C29H26O8
    3-O-[(E)-4-(4-butoxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-en-1-yl]kaempferol
    —— 8-methoxy-2,3-dimethyl-8-o-tolyl-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-chromeno[7,8-d]imidazole-5-carboxylic acid cyclopropylamide 917957-56-3 C24H27N3O3
    8-methoxy-2,3-dimethyl-8-o-tolyl-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-chromeno[7,8-d]imidazole-5-carboxylic acid cyclopropylamide
    —— 7-trifluoromethane-sulfonyloxy-2-phenyl-5-pivaloyloxy-4-oxo-4H-chromene 410078-35-2 C21H17F3O7S
    7-trifluoromethane-sulfonyloxy-2-phenyl-5-pivaloyloxy-4-oxo-4H-chromene
    —— 3-ethyl-8-{3-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]propylcarbamoyl}-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran 188017-32-5 C32H35N3O4
    3-ethyl-8-{3-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]propylcarbamoyl}-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran
    —— 3-iodo-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone 82517-07-5 C17H13IO4
    3-iodo-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone
    —— ((2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-((2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methyl hexanoate 1237534-64-3 C27H30O13
    ((2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-((2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methyl hexanoate
    —— 7-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C27H30O14
    7-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 8-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)flavone 119161-48-7 C18H14O4
    8-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)flavone
    —— 6,8-difluoro-2-(3-fluoro-4-pivaloylaminophenyl)-7-hydroxymethyl-5-pivaloylamino-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 165180-38-1 C26H27F3N2O5
    6,8-difluoro-2-(3-fluoro-4-pivaloylaminophenyl)-7-hydroxymethyl-5-pivaloylamino-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-oxiranylmethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 1612891-84-5 C20H18O6
    5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-oxiranylmethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3',5'-dibenzyloxy-7-hydroxy-flavone 883242-51-1 C29H22O5
    3',5'-dibenzyloxy-7-hydroxy-flavone
    —— 3',5'-dibenzyloxy-7-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)flavone 883242-54-4 C32H26O6
    3',5'-dibenzyloxy-7-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)flavone
    —— 8-methylaminomethyl-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran 152737-41-2 C18H17NO2
    8-methylaminomethyl-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran