黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | (9R,11R)-11-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C26H21FN4O3 |
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—— | (9S,11S)-4-chloro-9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C26H21ClN4O2 |
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—— | (9R,11S)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C26H21ClN4O3 |
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—— | (9S,11R)-11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C25H18BrFN4O2 |
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—— | (9R,11S)-11-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C26H21FN4O3 |
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—— | (9R,11S)-11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C25H18BrFN4O2 |
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—— | (9S,11R)-4-methoxy-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C27H24N4O3 |
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—— | (9S,11R)-4-chloro-9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C26H21ClN4O2 |
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—— | (9R,11R)-11-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C27H24N4O3 |
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—— | (9S,11R)-4-chloro-9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C27H23ClN4O4 |
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—— | (9S,11S)-11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C25H18BrFN4O2 |
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—— | (9R,11S)-4-chloro-9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C27H23ClN4O4 |
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—— | (9S,11S)-4-chloro-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C26H21ClN4O3 |
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—— | (9R,11R)-4-chloro-9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C27H23ClN4O4 |
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—— | (9R,11R)-4-chloro-9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C26H21ClN4O2 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C27H22ClFN4O3S |
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—— | 4-chloro-11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H21ClN4O3 |
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—— | 9-(3-bromophenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C22H15BrN4OS |
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—— | (2R)-4-ethoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2H-chromene | —— | C17H15FO2 |
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—— | (2S)-4-ethoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2H-chromene | —— | C17H15FO2 |
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—— | 4-chloro-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H18ClFN4OS |
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—— | 9-(4-fluorophenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C22H15FN4OS |
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—— | (2R,3Z)-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C22H15FO2 |
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—— | (2S,3Z)-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C22H15FO2 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H18Cl2N4O |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C19H20O4 |
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—— | [3,4,5-Triacetyloxy-6-[(4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl)oxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C29H30O12 |
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—— | 9-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H22N4O3 |
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—— | 9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C27H23FN4O3 |
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—— | 9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C28H26N4O3S |
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—— | 9,11-bis(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C27H24N4OS |
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—— | (E)-1-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-6-methoxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C30H38O14 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7-ethyl-3-hydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C17H14O5 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[8-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-5-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C21H20O11 |
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—— | 2-{4-methoxy-3-[(4-nitrophenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C23H19NO6 |
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—— | 2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O14 |
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—— | 8-[(2S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | Dinoprost trometamol salt | —— | C28H34O14 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C32H40O19 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-5-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one;(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid;2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C57H48O32 |
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—— | Cyanidin-3-glucoside | —— | C21H21O11+ |
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—— | 3-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C34H42O20 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-phosphanylphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C21H21O8P |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 9-(4-bromophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H18BrFN4OS |
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—— | 2-chloro-6-(2-chlorophenyl)-7-(4-methylphenyl)-7,11-dihydro-6H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine | —— | C25H18Cl2N4O |
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—— | 11-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C29H28N4O4 |
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—— | 11-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-9-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H18BrClN4O |
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—— | 9-(3-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C24H15BrClFN4O |
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—— | 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]azaniumylbutanoate | —— | C22H23NO5 |
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