黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | 1-[4-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one | —— | C28H36O15 |
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—— | 7-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | 1-[4-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one | —— | C28H36O15 |
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—— | (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C29H34O15 |
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—— | 7-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 1-[4-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one | —— | C28H36O15 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 2,4-dinitro-N-[(Z)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]aniline | —— | C21H16N4O5 |
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—— | (NZ)-N-[(2S)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]hydroxylamine | —— | C16H15NO3 |
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—— | N-acetyl-N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide | —— | C19H18N2O3 |
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—— | (6S,7R)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enyl]-7,8-dihydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]chromene | —— | C27H26O5 |
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—— | 4-fluoro-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H19FN4O2 |
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—— | 2-[(E)-[(2R)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]oxy-N,N-diethylethanamine | —— | C23H30N2O4 |
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—— | (NZ)-N-[(2R)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]hydroxylamine | —— | C16H15NO3 |
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—— | [(2S)-1-[(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)amino]-1-oxobutan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate | —— | C25H22N2O6 |
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—— | [(2R)-1-[(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)amino]-1-oxobutan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate | —— | C25H22N2O6 |
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—— | [(1R)-2-[(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)amino]-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate | —— | C29H22N2O6 |
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—— | 4-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,6-dimethoxy-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-5-one | —— | C24H26O13 |
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—— | N-[(S)-(4-methoxyphenyl)-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)methyl]-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide | —— | C29H25N3O4 |
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—— | N-[(R)-(4-methoxyphenyl)-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)methyl]-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide | —— | C29H25N3O4 |
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—— | 4-(5',6'-dihydroxy-1',3',4',9a'-tetrahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthen]-4a'(2'H)-yl)benzene-1,2,3-triol | —— | C24H28O6 |
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—— | 2-nitro-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]-4-pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonylaniline | —— | C25H24N4O5S |
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—— | [[6-chloro-2-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiourea | —— | C19H18ClN3O3S |
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—— | 3,5,6-trichloro-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]pyridin-2-amine | —— | C20H14Cl3N3O |
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—— | 6-bromo-2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene | —— | C19H18BrNO5 |
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—— | 3-methyl-N'-[2-(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)acetyl]-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carbohydrazide | —— | C27H22N4O4 |
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—— | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 4-methoxybenzenesulfonate | —— | C23H18O7S |
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—— | 5-(6-Bromo-3-nitro-2H-chromen-2-YL)-2-ethoxyphenyl methyl ether | —— | C18H16BrNO5 |
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—— | 2,5-dimethyl-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzenesulfonamide | —— | C23H22N2O3S |
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—— | N-[4-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-propoxychromen-4-imine | —— | C31H30N2O3S |
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—— | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(5-methyl-4-thiophen-2-yl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-6-propoxychromen-4-imine | —— | C27H24N2O3S2 |
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—— | [3,4,5-Triacetyloxy-6-[5-acetyloxy-2-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C33H32O16 |
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—— | 2-[4-[[4-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]imino]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-6-yl]oxyacetonitrile | —— | C30H25N3O3S |
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—— | (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[6,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C22H23O11+ |
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—— | 5-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C20H15NO4S2 |
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—— | 1-[4-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | 9-(4-bromophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C24H16BrFN4O |
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—— | [2-[[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-3-yl]methylamino]-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate | —— | C28H23NO7 |
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