黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | N,N-dihydroxy-6-[(2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl)oxy]pyridin-3-amine | —— | C20H18N2O4 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3-methoxy-4-oxochromen-5-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C22H20O13 |
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—— | [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl] (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate | —— | C21H18O12 |
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—— | 3-amino-5-[(2'R)-2-amino-3'-methyl-5-oxo-2'-phenylspiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]benzonitrile | —— | C25H21N5O2 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3R)-2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3-hydroxy-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-3,4-dihydrochromen-2-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-5,7-diol | —— | C58H50O10 |
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—— | 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-[2-(5-pyridin-2-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)ethoxy]chromen-4-one | —— | C24H17N3O5 |
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—— | Ethane;5-methyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-3-phenylbenzo[f]chromene | —— | C29H28O |
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—— | 2-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)-8-[[hydroxy(pyrazin-2-yl)methyl]amino]chromen-4-one | —— | C20H13F2N3O3 |
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—— | 2-(2-Azidoethoxy)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydrochromene | —— | C17H17N3O2 |
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—— | 6-[[2-[3-(5-Carbamoylpyridin-2-yl)oxyphenyl]-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-yl]oxy]pyridine-3-carboxamide | —— | C33H26N4O5 |
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—— | [(3R,6S)-6-[5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trimethoxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C37H40O13 |
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—— | [4-(7,8-Dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl] 2-acetyloxyacetate | —— | C19H14O8 |
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—— | 5-Methoxy-3-(4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C31H20O5 |
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—— | [5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxymethylphosphonic acid | —— | C17H15O9P |
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—— | 3-Ethoxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-nitrosophenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C17H13NO5 |
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—— | 2-(2,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-3,5,7,8-tetrahydroxy-chromen-4-one | —— | C15H10O8 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-((7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-5-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C21H18O11 |
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—— | [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3,4,4-tetra(propanoyl)chromen-3-yl] propanoate | —— | C30H34O11 |
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—— | 2-Benzoyl-6-(7-ethoxy-4,4-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)benzoic acid | —— | C27H26O5 |
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—— | 2'-Amino-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3'-methyl-6-[3-(methyliminomethyl)phenyl]spiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one | —— | C26H23ClN4O2 |
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—— | N-ethyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N,7-dimethyl-4-[4-(4-nitroanilino)phenyl]chromeno[4,3-d][1,3]thiazol-2-amine;N-methyl-4-[4-(4-methyl-2-nitroanilino)phenyl]-4-(4-methylphenyl)-N-phenylchromeno[4,3-d][1,3]thiazol-2-amine | —— | C70H60N8O7S2 |
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—— | (3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol;(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-8-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | —— | C76H66O30 |
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—— | [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3,4,4-tetra(octadecanoyl)chromen-3-yl] octadecanoate | —— | C105H184O11 |
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—— | [(3S,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C36H36O18 |
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—— | 5,7-Bis[[tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy]-2-[4-[tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxyphenyl]-3-phenylmethoxychromen-4-one;5-[tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy-2-[4-[tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxyphenyl]-3-hydroxy-7-methylchromen-4-one;dichloromethane;5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylmethoxychromen-4-one;methanol | —— | C142H140Cl2O18Si5 |
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—— | 2-[2-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)phenyl]-3-hydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C25H26O3 |
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—— | 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-morpholin-4-ylbutoxy)chromen-4-one | —— | C24H27NO5 |
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—— | 4-[3-(3,5-dibutyl-4-methylphenyl)propyl]-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine;1-[4-[3-(3,5-dibutyl-4-methylphenyl)propyl]-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl]prop-2-en-1-one;1,4-dimethoxy-2,5-dimethylbenzene;1,4-dioctoxybenzene;4,4,4',4',7,7'-hexamethyl-2,2'-spirobi[3H-chromene]-6,6'-diol;2-(5-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2,4,4,7-tetramethyl-3H-chromen-6-ol | —— | C134H204N2O13 |
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—— | 4',7-Dihydroxy-3'-methylflavone | —— | C16H12O4 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-sulfooxychromen-5-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C21H18O16S |
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—— | [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3,4,4-tetra(nonanoyl)chromen-3-yl] nonanoate | —— | C60H94O11 |
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—— | [5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-phosphonooxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] [2-hydroxy-4-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl] hydrogen phosphate | —— | C30H20O19P2 |
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—— | 4-[3-[[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-7-yl]oxy]propyl]morpholine | —— | C23H27NO4 |
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—— | 5-Bromo-3-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-2-(3-methoxy-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C25H21BrO7 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dinitroso-4H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | —— | C15H12N2O8 |
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—— | ethane;methanol;2,4,4-trimethyl-2-phenyl-3H-chromene | —— | C21H30O2 |
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—— | Ethane;4-(7-hydroxy-2,3,3,4,4-pentamethylchromen-2-yl)benzene-1,3-diol | —— | C24H36O4 |
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—— | 4-[(5R,6R,13S)-13-(3,4-dioxocyclohexyl)-6,9,17,19,21-pentahydroxy-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15,17,19-hexaen-5-yl]cyclohexane-1,2-dione | —— | C30H28O12 |
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—— | ethyl (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate | —— | C23H22O12 |
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—— | Trimethyl flavonol | —— | C18H16O3 |
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—— | (2R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3H-chromen-4-one | —— | C20H20O5 |
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—— | 3-[(2'R)-2-amino-3'-methyl-5-oxo-2'-phenylspiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]-N-(2-cyanoethyl)benzamide | —— | C28H25N5O3 |
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—— | Ethane;3-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C24H38O2 |
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—— | 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydrochromene-2,7-diol | —— | C15H14O4 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,8-bis[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C29H34O17 |
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—— | methyl 2-[7-(benzenesulfonamido)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzenesulfonate | —— | C22H21NO6S2 |
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—— | ethane;(2R,3R)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,7-diol | —— | C21H30O6 |
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—— | (3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl) hydrogen sulfate | —— | C15H10O7S |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C16H12O8 |
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—— | 6-Ethyl-16-methyl-10-phenyl-3,9,15-trioxatetracyclo[12.4.0.02,7.08,13]octadeca-1,5,7,11,13,16-hexaene-4,18-dione | —— | C24H18O5 |
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