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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— pentamethyl morin 7555-80-8 C20H20O7
    pentamethyl morin
    —— sagittatoside A 118525-35-2 C33H40O15
    sagittatoside A
    —— 2-(2,4-diacetoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3,5,7-triyl triacetate 119073-35-7 C25H20O12
    2-(2,4-diacetoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3,5,7-triyl triacetate
    —— 5-hydroxy-3,7,2',4'-tetramethoxyflavone 19056-75-8 C19H18O7
    5-hydroxy-3,7,2',4'-tetramethoxyflavone
    —— (+/-)-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromene 89840-16-4 C17H16O3
    (+/-)-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromene
    —— 7-methoxy-2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 152038-73-8 C17H11F3O3
    7-methoxy-2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 3-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one 93322-57-7 C17H14O6
    3-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 7-methoxy-2-(p-tolyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 137109-40-1 C17H16O3
    7-methoxy-2-(p-tolyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 7-methoxy-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid 132018-19-0 C17H11NO7
    7-methoxy-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one 93876-57-4 C18H16O6
    2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(6-chloro-4H-1,3-benzodioxin-8-yl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one 147723-11-3 C18H13ClO5
    2-(6-chloro-4H-1,3-benzodioxin-8-yl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one
    —— 3-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-4'-chloro-7-methoxyflavanone 111599-80-5 C23H16Cl2O3
    3-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-4'-chloro-7-methoxyflavanone
    —— 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid 132018-22-5 C17H12O6
    2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-3-(methoxycarbonyl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one 132018-24-7 C18H14O6
    2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-3-(methoxycarbonyl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-methoxychroman-4-one 60073-79-2 C16H13ClO3
    2-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-methoxychroman-4-one
    —— 4'-chloro-7-methoxy-3-methylene flavanone 77038-38-1 C17H13ClO3
    4'-chloro-7-methoxy-3-methylene flavanone
    —— cyanidin 3-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside 142506-19-2 C26H29O15
    cyanidin 3-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside
    —— cyanidin-3-(glucosyl)galactoside 142562-01-4 C27H31O16
    cyanidin-3-(glucosyl)galactoside
    —— 7-ethoxy-2'-methoxyflavone 405216-93-5 C18H16O4
    7-ethoxy-2'-methoxyflavone
    —— 7-methoxy-2-(3-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one 32272-16-5 C17H16O4
    7-methoxy-2-(3-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 3,4-dihydro-7-hydroxy-8-methyl-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran 122483-88-9 C16H16O2
    3,4-dihydro-7-hydroxy-8-methyl-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran
    —— morin-5'-sulfonic acid sodium salt 79400-76-3 C15H9O10S*Na
    morin-5'-sulfonic acid sodium salt
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-sulfophenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-benzopyran-4-one 31273-65-1 C15H10O10S
    2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-sulfophenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate 1355333-49-1 C22H14O10
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate
    —— 5,7-dimethoxy-2-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-propyl-4H-chromen-4-one 531502-70-2 C23H26O7
    5,7-dimethoxy-2-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-propyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 4'-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxy-3-C-methylflavone 22395-13-7 C17H14O5
    4'-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxy-3-C-methylflavone
    —— 4-oxo-2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-8-acetic acid 131401-97-3 C17H10F2O4
    4-oxo-2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-8-acetic acid
    —— 8-allyl-2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one 131402-12-5 C18H12F2O2
    8-allyl-2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one
    —— Cyanidin 3-O-xyloside 29761-24-8 C20H19O10+
    Cyanidin 3-O-xyloside
    —— kaempferol-3-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(2a→1b)-2a-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(2b→1c)-2b-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(2c→1d)-2c-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-2d-hexadecanoate 1449692-21-0 C51H72O23
    kaempferol-3-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(2a→1b)-2a-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(2b→1c)-2b-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-(2c→1d)-2c-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl-2d-hexadecanoate
    —— 5,6,7-triacetoxyflavone 67047-05-6 C21H16O8
    5,6,7-triacetoxyflavone
    —— 7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-6-carbaldehyde 412027-80-6 C17H12O5
    7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-6-carbaldehyde
    —— baicalein-6-O-β-D-glucopyranuronoside-7-O-β-D-glucopyranuronoside 126553-37-5 C27H26O17
    baicalein-6-O-β-D-glucopyranuronoside-7-O-β-D-glucopyranuronoside
    —— 6-O-β-glucopyranuronosyl-baicalein 7-O-sulfate 126527-77-3 C21H18O14S
    6-O-β-glucopyranuronosyl-baicalein 7-O-sulfate
    —— Baicalein-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosiduronsaeure 35990-03-5 C21H18O11
    Baicalein-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosiduronsaeure
    —— 6,7-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavone 150036-33-2 C16H12O5
    6,7-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavone
    —— 2',4',5',6'-tetrahydroxyflavone 671791-94-9 C15H10O6
    2',4',5',6'-tetrahydroxyflavone
    —— 3-Hydroxy-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)chromen-4-one 1099682-04-8 C20H14O4
    3-Hydroxy-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)chromen-4-one
    —— Tetraethyl-5,7,3',4'quercetine 82546-98-3 C23H26O7
    Tetraethyl-5,7,3',4'quercetine
    —— quercetin-3-O-acetic acid 1144104-73-3 C17H12O9
    quercetin-3-O-acetic acid
    —— 3''-O-butanoylrutin 131981-32-3 C31H36O17
    3''-O-butanoylrutin
    —— rutin palmitate 823789-36-2 C43H60O17
    rutin palmitate
    —— 3-O-[(3″,4″,5″-tri-O-methoxymethyl)-galloyl]quercetin 1420045-11-9 C28H26O14
    3-O-[(3″,4″,5″-tri-O-methoxymethyl)-galloyl]quercetin
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 700364-44-9 C22H14O11
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
    —— 3,5-Dihydroxy-3',4',7-tri-(β-hydroxyethoxy)flavon 23077-88-5 C21H22O10
    3,5-Dihydroxy-3',4',7-tri-(β-hydroxyethoxy)flavon
    —— Rutosid 153-18-4 C27H30O16
    Rutosid
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-ylacetate 143631-97-4 C17H12O8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-ylacetate
    —— quercetin-3-O-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside 39028-59-6 C29H28O16
    quercetin-3-O-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-{{2,3,4-tris-O-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-6-O-[2,3,4-tris-O-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl}oxy}-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 267006-02-0 C51H54O34
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-{{2,3,4-tris-O-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-6-O-[2,3,4-tris-O-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl}oxy}-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 7,4′-di-O-methylquercetin-3-O-beta-rutinoside 20188-85-6 C29H34O16
    7,4′-di-O-methylquercetin-3-O-beta-rutinoside