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黄酮类化合物

黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

生物来源

黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

稳定性与光敏性

大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。

生理活性与药用价值

黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:

  • 抗氧化作用:可有效清除体内自由基,保护细胞免受损伤。
  • 抗炎效应:有助于减轻炎症反应,缓解症状。
  • 心血管保护:可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
  • 抗癌潜力:研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
应用领域 食品工业

作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

化妆品行业

利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

药物开发

由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 6-Methyl-3-[2-(4-methylphenoxy)ethoxy]-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C26H24O4
6-Methyl-3-[2-(4-methylphenoxy)ethoxy]-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one
—— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 5-bromofuran-2-carboxylate —— C21H12BrClO5
[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 5-bromofuran-2-carboxylate
—— 2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-6-methyl-3-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)chromen-4-one —— C31H28O3
2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-6-methyl-3-(naphthalen-1-ylmethoxy)chromen-4-one
—— 2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-(4-fluorophenyl)acetamide —— C24H17ClFNO4
2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-(4-fluorophenyl)acetamide
—— 2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-6-methyl-3-[(3-methylphenyl)methoxy]chromen-4-one —— C28H28O3
2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-6-methyl-3-[(3-methylphenyl)methoxy]chromen-4-one
—— [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (2S)-oxolane-2-carboxylate —— C21H17ClO5
[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (2S)-oxolane-2-carboxylate
—— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzoate —— C23H13Cl2NO6
[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzoate
—— 3-[(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-one —— C23H15Cl2FO3
3-[(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-one
—— 2-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetic acid —— C18H13ClO5
2-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetic acid
—— N-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetamide —— C24H17BrClNO4
N-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetamide
—— Methyl 4-[[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxymethyl]benzoate —— C25H19ClO5
Methyl 4-[[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxymethyl]benzoate
—— N-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-(6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxyacetamide —— C26H23NO4
N-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-(6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxyacetamide
—— 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-3-[2-(4-methylphenoxy)ethoxy]chromen-4-one —— C25H21ClO4
2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-3-[2-(4-methylphenoxy)ethoxy]chromen-4-one
—— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)butanoate —— C28H20ClNO6
[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)butanoate
—— [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 5-bromofuran-2-carboxylate —— C21H12BrClO5
[2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 5-bromofuran-2-carboxylate
—— [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (E)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C27H21ClO6
[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (E)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
—— [2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2,2-diphenylacetate —— C34H30O4
[2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2,2-diphenylacetate
—— 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-phenylacetamide —— C24H18ClNO4
2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-phenylacetamide
—— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] butanoate —— C20H17ClO4
[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] butanoate
—— N-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxyacetamide —— C24H18BrNO4
N-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxyacetamide
—— N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetamide —— C24H17Cl2NO4
N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetamide
—— [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-oxochromene-3-carboxylate —— C26H15ClO6
[2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-oxochromene-3-carboxylate
—— [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] benzenesulfonate —— C22H15ClO5S
[2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] benzenesulfonate
—— [2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (2R)-2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate —— C31H27NO6
[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (2R)-2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate
—— 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-[(3-chlorophenyl)methoxy]-6-methylchromen-4-one —— C23H16Cl2O3
2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-[(3-chlorophenyl)methoxy]-6-methylchromen-4-one
—— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] pyridine-3-carboxylate —— C22H14ClNO4
[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] pyridine-3-carboxylate
—— N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-(6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxyacetamide —— C26H23NO4
N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-(6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxyacetamide
—— [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] methanesulfonate —— C17H13ClO5S
[2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] methanesulfonate
—— Ethyl 2-[[2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetyl]amino]-4,5-dimethylthiophene-3-carboxylate —— C27H24ClNO6S
Ethyl 2-[[2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetyl]amino]-4,5-dimethylthiophene-3-carboxylate
—— [6-Methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-methoxybenzoate —— C25H20O5
[6-Methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-methoxybenzoate
—— [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-tert-butylbenzoate —— C27H23ClO4
[2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-tert-butylbenzoate
—— methyl (2S)-2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C20H17ClO5
methyl (2S)-2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
—— [2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (E)-3-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-enoate —— C23H15ClO5
[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (E)-3-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
—— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-fluorobenzoate —— C23H14ClFO4
[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-fluorobenzoate
—— 2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-3-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]-6-methylchromen-4-one —— C27H24Cl2O3
2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-3-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]-6-methylchromen-4-one
—— [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (E)-3-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-enoate —— C23H15ClO5
[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (E)-3-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
—— Methyl 4-[[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxymethyl]benzoate —— C25H19ClO5
Methyl 4-[[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxymethyl]benzoate
—— Propan-2-yl 2-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetate —— C22H22O5
Propan-2-yl 2-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetate
—— Ethyl 2-[[2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetyl]amino]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophene-3-carboxylate —— C29H26ClNO6S
Ethyl 2-[[2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetyl]amino]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophene-3-carboxylate
—— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-oxochromene-3-carboxylate —— C26H15ClO6
[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-oxochromene-3-carboxylate
—— 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-6-methylchromen-4-one —— C23H16ClFO3
2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-6-methylchromen-4-one
—— Propan-2-yl 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetate —— C21H19ClO5
Propan-2-yl 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetate
—— 2-[6-Methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetonitrile —— C19H15NO3
2-[6-Methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetonitrile
—— 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-3-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]-6-methylchromen-4-one —— C23H15Cl3O3
2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-3-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]-6-methylchromen-4-one
—— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-(4-nitro-1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)acetate —— C26H15ClN2O8
[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-(4-nitro-1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)acetate
—— Propan-2-yl 2-(6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxyacetate —— C21H20O5
Propan-2-yl 2-(6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxyacetate
—— 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-3-phenylmethoxychromen-4-one —— C23H17ClO3
2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-3-phenylmethoxychromen-4-one
—— [6-Methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate —— C26H18O5
[6-Methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate
—— 2-[2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetonitrile —— C18H12ClNO3
2-[2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetonitrile
—— [6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (2R)-2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate —— C28H21NO6
[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (2R)-2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate