黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C30H26O11 |
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—— | N-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide | —— | C20H19NO4 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-8-methoxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C23H24O11 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C29H34O17 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-3-[4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one | —— | C32H38O19 |
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—— | 14-(3-ethyl-4H-pyridin-4-id-6-ylidene)-10-hydroxy-11-(4-hydroxycyclohexa-1,3,5-trien-1-yl)-12-methoxy-7-(2-phenylethoxy)-19-oxoniatetracyclo[14.3.1.14,8.05,18]henicosa-5(18),6,8,14,16(20)-pentaen-17-one | —— | C38H37NO6 |
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—— | 6-[6-[6-[(2-Amino-1,2-dihydropyridin-5-yl)methyl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carbonyl]oxy-3,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C33H34N2O19 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-2,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)-7-methoxy-chromen-4-one | 132923-23-0 | C19H18O8 |
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—— | 2-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-5-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C22H26O11 |
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—— | Isoastilbin | 54141-72-9 | C21H22O11 |
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—— | 8-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C30H20O11 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-10-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one | —— | C26H28O6 |
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—— | 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxyflavone-4'-O-<isovalerate> | —— | C22H22O8 |
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—— | methyl 3-(2H-chromen-3-yl)-3-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-8-yl)propanoate | —— | C28H22O8 |
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—— | 19-[13-(Cyclohexylamino)-4-hydroxy-5-(2-methylpropyl)-10,11-dithiatricyclo[12.3.1.03,8]octadeca-1(18),3,5,7,14,16-hexaen-7-yl]-15,20,26,33-tetrahydroxy-10-(2-hydroxyethyl)-18,24-dioxa-30,31-dithiaoctacyclo[23.8.1.13,7.02,13.04,32.014,23.017,22.011,35]pentatriaconta-2(13),3,5,7(35),11,14(23),15,17(22),19-nonaen-21-one | —— | C59H65NO9S4 |
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—— | 1,12-dihydroxy-N-[4-[(4-hydroxy-2-methylbut-2-enoyl)amino]butyl]-3,5-dimethoxy-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxatricyclo[7.2.1.02,7]dodeca-2(7),3,5-triene-10-carboxamide | —— | C36H42N2O9 |
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—— | [3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-3-[3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C55H60O29 |
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—— | 7-[3,4-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C30H36O16 |
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—— | 6,17,19,21-Tetrahydroxy-5,13-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2,7,10,15,17,19-hexaen-9-one | —— | C30H22O10 |
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—— | 3-[[6-[[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]methyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid | —— | C25H24O14 |
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—— | 3,3',5-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavone 3-glucuronide | —— | C23H20O14 |
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—— | 2-[[6-[[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C28H35O16+ |
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—— | 1-[2-[3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one | —— | C26H32O14 |
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—— | 8-[2-[3-(5-ethyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl]ethyl]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-7-(2-phenylethoxy)chromen-4-one | —— | C38H35NO6 |
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—— | 8-[2-(3H-benzo[e]indol-6-yl)ethyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C30H23NO6 |
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—— | methyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-2-methylpropanoate | —— | C26H26O10 |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-8-[7-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C31H20O9 |
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—— | [6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C40H34O15 |
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—— | Rhamnazin 3-[6''-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)glucoside] | —— | C29H32O16 |
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—— | Apigenin-7-O-glucuronide-6-ethyl ester | —— | C23H22O11 |
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—— | 2-(3-Benzyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-5-propan-2-yloxychromen-4-one | —— | C25H22O6 |
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—— | 13,18,24,31-Tetrahydroxy-17-[4-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-5-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]-9-(3-hydroxypropyl)-16,22-dioxa-28,29-dithiaheptacyclo[21.8.1.02,11.03,8.04,30.012,21.015,20]dotriaconta-2(11),3(8),4,6,9,12(21),13,15(20),17-nonaen-19-one | —— | C48H48O10S2 |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-[5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C33H40O20 |
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—— | hibiscetin | 577-24-2 | C15H10O9 |
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—— | methyl 3-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)-3-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propanoate | —— | C24H22N2O9 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-8-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | —— | C60H50O24 |
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—— | 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4H-benzo[h]chromen-4-one | 14756-21-9 | C20H14O3 |
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—— | Methyl 2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]acetate | —— | C19H18O10 |
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—— | [6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C31H31O14+ |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C23H24O13 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxy-2-(3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C19H18O7 |
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—— | 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-sulfonic acid | —— | C15H10O8S |
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—— | 3-phenyl-1-[3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]propan-1-one | —— | C24H22O6 |
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—— | 4'-Bromo-6-fluoroflavone | 213894-80-5 | C15H8BrFO2 |
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—— | 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O11 |
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—— | 3-[3-(acetyloxymethyl)-2,3-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-4H-chromen-6-yl]prop-2-enyl acetate | —— | C25H28O10 |
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—— | [1-Hydroxy-11-[2-[(2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]-3,5-dimethoxy-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-10-phenyl-8-oxatricyclo[7.2.1.02,7]dodeca-2(7),3,5-trien-12-yl] acetate | —— | C38H44N2O10 |
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—— | [2-[(3,4-Dihydroxy-5,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C44H50O21 |
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—— | [6-[[3,5-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-4-[3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-4-[3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate | —— | C58H52O30 |
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—— | [6-[2-[5,8-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C30H34O18 |
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