橙皮苷(Citrotenin)是一种类黄酮物质,具有双氢黄酮氧苷结构,呈弱酸性。纯品为白色针状晶体,是构成维生素P的主要成分。橙皮苷氢化后可转化为天然甜味剂二氢查耳酮,其甜度是蔗糖的1000倍,可用于功能性食品。橙皮苷具有多种生物学特性,现代研究发现:它能够抗氧化、防癌、防霉、抗过敏,并能降血压;对口腔癌和食道癌有抑制作用;还能维持渗透压、增强毛细血管韧性并降低胆固醇等。
相关研究表明,橙皮苷对食品常见污染菌有广谱的抑菌作用。具体而言,它能够显著抑制枯草芽孢杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、弗氏志贺氏菌、溶血链球菌和霍乱弧菌等多种病原体,因此在食品添加剂及食品加工方面得到了广泛应用。
化学性质橙皮苷为淡黄色结晶性粉末。熔点258-262℃(252℃开始软化)。易溶于吡啶、氢氧化钠溶液,溶于二甲基甲酰胺,微溶于甲醇和热冰醋酸,极微溶于乙醚、丙酮、氯仿和苯。1g橙皮苷可溶解于约50L水中。无臭、无味。
药理活性(1)橙皮苷是治疗高血压和心肌梗塞的药物,在医药工业中用作制药原料,也是中成药脉通的主要组成成分之一。(2)橙皮苷具有抗脂质氧化、清除氧自由基、抗炎、抗病毒及抗菌作用。长期使用可延缓衰老并预防癌症。
总之,橙皮苷是一个药理活性明确且用途广泛的黄酮类化合物,在医学上、运动药学等多个领域均展现出重要价值。
用途 化学性质中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | hesperidin | 64726-90-5 | C28H34O15 | 610.569 |
—— | Methylhesperidin | 11013-97-1 | C29H36O15 | 624.6 |
—— | 4G-α-D-glucopyranosyl hesperidin | 161713-86-6 | C34H44O20 | 772.711 |
橙花素查尔酮 | 3,2',6'-trihydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-(O6-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-trans-chalcone | 50376-44-8 | C28H34O15 | 610.569 |
(-)-表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯 | (-)-epigallocathechin gallate | 989-51-5 | C22H18O11 | 458.378 |
—— | quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-glucopyranoside | 1340-08-5 | C27H30O16 | 610.526 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | hesperidin | 369593-42-0 | C28H34O15 | 610.569 |
甲基橙皮苷 | methyl hesperidin | 11013-97-1 | C29H36O15 | 624.596 |
—— | 4G-α-D-glucopyranosyl hesperidin | 161713-86-6 | C34H44O20 | 772.711 |
—— | (S)-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-(O2-methyl-O6-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-chroman-4-one | 28719-19-9 | C30H38O15 | 638.623 |
橙皮素 7-O-葡萄糖甙 | hesperetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 31712-49-9 | C22H24O11 | 464.426 |
—— | 3''-O-butanoylhesperidin | 131981-33-4 | C32H40O16 | 680.66 |
—— | hesperidin octaacetate | 25227-16-1 | C44H50O23 | 946.867 |
—— | neohesperidin dihydrochalcone | —— | C28H36O15 | 612.585 |
—— | 7-octoxyhesperetin | 1258170-35-2 | C24H30O6 | 414.499 |
—— | 7-dodecyloxyhesperetin | 606148-06-5 | C28H38O6 | 470.606 |
—— | 7-butoxy-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxychroman-4-one | 1420071-83-5 | C21H24O6 | 372.418 |
—— | 7-O-n-butyl hesperetin | 1258170-33-0 | C20H22O6 | 358.391 |
—— | (S)-7-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one | —— | C18H18O6 | 330.337 |
7,4'-二-O-甲基圣草酚 | persicogenin | 28590-40-1 | C17H16O6 | 316.31 |
—— | (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavanone | 89294-54-2 | C17H16O6 | 316.31 |
—— | taxifolin | 4250-76-4 | C17H16O6 | 316.31 |
地奥司明杂质5 | 2'-hydroxy-3,4,6'-trimethoxy-4'-(O6-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-trans-chalcone | 122087-66-5 | C30H38O15 | 638.623 |
橙皮素 | hesperetin | 520-33-2 | C16H14O6 | 302.284 |
—— | (S)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-benzopyrone | 520-33-2 | C16H14O6 | 302.284 |
—— | 2'-hydroxy-3,4,6'-trimethoxy-4'-(O2-methyl-O6-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-trans-chalcone | 122703-82-6 | C31H40O15 | 652.65 |
—— | Hesperetin-triacetat | 6274-73-3 | C22H20O9 | 428.395 |
橙皮素三乙酸酯 | (S)-5,7-diacetoxy-2-(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one | 73489-97-1 | C22H20O9 | 428.395 |
—— | 3,4,2',6'-tetramethoxy-4'-(O2,O3-dimethyl-O6-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)trans-chalcone | 119926-08-8 | C33H44O15 | 680.703 |
—— | 8-hydroxyhesperetin | —— | C16H14O7 | 318.283 |
圣草酚 | eriodictyol | 552-58-9 | C15H12O6 | 288.257 |
橙花素查尔酮 | 3,2',6'-trihydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-(O6-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-trans-chalcone | 50376-44-8 | C28H34O15 | 610.569 |
—— | 6-[4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazine-1-yl]methyl-3',5,7-trihydroxyflavanone | —— | C27H35N3O7 | 513.591 |
—— | 7-O-((1-(2-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)hesperetin | —— | C27H22FN3O7 | 519.486 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-7-(6-O-α-1-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone | —— | C29H34O15 | 622.58 |
7-[[6-O-(6-脱氧-alpha-L-甘露糖基)-beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-3,5-二羟基-2-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4H-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | tamarixetin-7-O-β-rutinoside | 14265-53-3 | C28H32O16 | 624.552 |
地奥司明 | diosmin | 520-27-4 | C28H32O15 | 608.553 |
—— | 4-methylumbelliferylrutinoside | 1356391-89-3 | C22H28O12 | 484.457 |
—— | 3',4'-dimethylluteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside | —— | C23H24O11 | 476.437 |