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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-5,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one 1393734-45-6 C21H22O8
    2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-5,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-hydroxy-3-(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-3,7-bis(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one 1181377-19-4 C21H22O9
    2-(4-hydroxy-3-(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-3,7-bis(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one 364-56-7 C15H9FO3
    2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— [4,5-dihydroxy-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-8-yl]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 93446-17-4 C36H36O17
    [4,5-dihydroxy-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-8-yl]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— Cyanidin 3-O-[[4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycinnamoyl-(->2)-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)]-[4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl-(->6)]-b-D-glucopyranoside] 5-O-(6-O-malonyl-b-D-glucopyranoside) 200396-69-6 C57H61O31+
    Cyanidin 3-O-[[4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycinnamoyl-(->2)-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)]-[4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl-(->6)]-b-D-glucopyranoside] 5-O-(6-O-malonyl-b-D-glucopyranoside)
    —— Delphinidin 3-(6-p-coumaroylgalactoside) 339080-03-4 C30H27O14+
    Delphinidin 3-(6-p-coumaroylgalactoside)
    —— 3'',6''-Di-O-p-coumaroyltrifolin 68127-12-8 C39H32O15
    3'',6''-Di-O-p-coumaroyltrifolin
    —— Isoorientin 2''-[p-coumaroyl-(->6)-glucoside] 220948-74-3 C36H36O18
    Isoorientin 2''-[p-coumaroyl-(->6)-glucoside]
    —— Cyanidin 3-[6-(4-glucosylcoumaryl)sophoroside] 5-glucoside 107480-92-2 C48H57O28+
    Cyanidin 3-[6-(4-glucosylcoumaryl)sophoroside] 5-glucoside
    —— 3-Cyan-flavon 4198-00-9 C16H9NO2
    3-Cyan-flavon
    —— Petunidin 3-(6''-p-coumaryl-glucoside) 5-glucoside 51939-66-3 C37H39O19+
    Petunidin 3-(6''-p-coumaryl-glucoside) 5-glucoside
    —— Cyanidin 3-[6-(4-glucosylferuloyl)sophoroside] 5-glucoside 107500-83-4 C49H59O29+
    Cyanidin 3-[6-(4-glucosylferuloyl)sophoroside] 5-glucoside
    —— Kaempferol 3-(2'''-sinapoylsophoroside) 7-cellobioside 220342-43-8 C50H60O30
    Kaempferol 3-(2'''-sinapoylsophoroside) 7-cellobioside
    —— (2R,3R)-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanonol 3"-acetylrhamnoside 1298135-50-8 C23H24O11
    (2R,3R)-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanonol 3"-acetylrhamnoside
    —— 3-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one 7215-44-3 C27H30O17
    3-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— isoengeletin 572-31-6 C21H22O10
    isoengeletin
    —— (2R,3R)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanonol 3"-acetylrhamnoside 1298135-48-4 C23H24O12
    (2R,3R)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanonol 3"-acetylrhamnoside
    —— (2R,3S)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanonol 4"-acetylrhamnoside 1298135-51-9 C23H24O12
    (2R,3S)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanonol 4"-acetylrhamnoside
    —— 4’-O-Methylepicatechin 97914-20-0 C16H16O6
    4’-O-Methylepicatechin
    —— symplocosidin 76549-34-3 C16H16O6
    symplocosidin
    —— (-)-(2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3',4'-dihydroxy-phenyl)chroman-3-yl 3'',5''-dihydroxy-4''-methoxybenzoate 108907-44-4 C23H20O10
    (-)-(2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3',4'-dihydroxy-phenyl)chroman-3-yl 3'',5''-dihydroxy-4''-methoxybenzoate
    —— 3-(6-chlorohexyloxy)-3',4'-dibenzyloxyflavone 331651-05-9 C35H33ClO5
    3-(6-chlorohexyloxy)-3',4'-dibenzyloxyflavone
    —— 3-(3-bromopropoxy)-3',4'-dibenzyloxyflavone 307521-36-4 C32H27BrO5
    3-(3-bromopropoxy)-3',4'-dibenzyloxyflavone
    —— 3-(8-bromooctyloxy)-3',4'-dibenzyloxyflavone 331651-08-2 C37H37BrO5
    3-(8-bromooctyloxy)-3',4'-dibenzyloxyflavone
    —— 7-(3-chloropropoxy)-3',4'-dibenzyloxyflavone 307521-34-2 C32H27ClO5
    7-(3-chloropropoxy)-3',4'-dibenzyloxyflavone
    —— 5-bromomethyl-3,3-diphenyl-3H-benzo[f]chromene 369380-96-1 C26H19BrO
    5-bromomethyl-3,3-diphenyl-3H-benzo[f]chromene
    —— 3-hydroxy-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 83768-62-1 C15H9NO5
    3-hydroxy-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 4-oxo-2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-8-acetic acid 131402-01-2 C17H10F2O4
    4-oxo-2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-8-acetic acid
    —— 7-{(methylsulfonylcarbamoyl)methyloxy}-3',4',5-trimethoxyflavone 1092093-69-0 C21H21NO9S
    7-{(methylsulfonylcarbamoyl)methyloxy}-3',4',5-trimethoxyflavone
    —— 2-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azaniumylacetate —— C18H15NO4
    2-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azaniumylacetate
    —— 4-oxo-2-(2-fluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-8-acetic acid 127768-47-2 C17H11FO4
    4-oxo-2-(2-fluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-8-acetic acid
    —— 8-allyl-2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 131402-17-0 C18H12F2O2
    8-allyl-2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 6-methoxy-2-phenyl-2H-chromene-3-carboxaldehyde 57543-52-9 C17H14O3
    6-methoxy-2-phenyl-2H-chromene-3-carboxaldehyde
    —— 2,6-dimethyl-2-phenylchroman 1107649-94-4 C17H18O
    2,6-dimethyl-2-phenylchroman
    —— (2R,3R,4S)-4-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol 65052-93-9 C21H18O8
    (2R,3R,4S)-4-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
    —— 2,3-cis-3,4-cis-3',4',5,7-tetramethoxy-4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)flavan-3-ol 78174-76-2 C27H30O8
    2,3-cis-3,4-cis-3',4',5,7-tetramethoxy-4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)flavan-3-ol
    —— (2R,3S,4R)-2,3-trans-3,4-trans-3-acetoxy-3',4',5,7-tetramethoxy-4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)flavan 78284-47-6 C29H32O9
    (2R,3S,4R)-2,3-trans-3,4-trans-3-acetoxy-3',4',5,7-tetramethoxy-4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)flavan
    —— 2-[(2S,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]benzene-1,3,5-triol 1202380-89-9 C21H18O8
    2-[(2S,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]benzene-1,3,5-triol
    —— 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chromenylium; chloride 13544-52-0 C16H13O5*Cl
    3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chromenylium; chloride
    —— quercetin 3-O-(6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside 947409-90-7 C42H46O22
    quercetin 3-O-(6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside 1402071-19-5 C57H62O28
    kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-6-O-[4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— (2R)-3-[(2R,3S)-(5,7,3',4'-tetrakis(methyloxy)-3-hydroxyflavan-8-yl)]-5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavan-3-ene 1265882-02-7 C38H40O11
    (2R)-3-[(2R,3S)-(5,7,3',4'-tetrakis(methyloxy)-3-hydroxyflavan-8-yl)]-5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavan-3-ene
    —— 8,9-cis-9,10-trans-tetrahydropyrano<2,3-h>chromene 118964-24-2 C31H28O11
    8,9-cis-9,10-trans-tetrahydropyrano<2,3-h>chromene
    —— kaempferol 3-O-(3'',6''-di-O-E-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside 74712-68-8 C30H26O13
    kaempferol 3-O-(3'',6''-di-O-E-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— naringenin 7-O-(6-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside) 96686-70-3 C30H28O12
    naringenin 7-O-(6-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside)
    —— kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1-3)][β-D-glucopyranosyl(1-3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-6)]-(2-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside 1063877-20-2 C48H56O27
    kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1-3)][β-D-glucopyranosyl(1-3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-6)]-(2-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 7-O-(E)-p-coumaroylkaempferol-4'-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside 1215845-90-1 C29H24O12
    7-O-(E)-p-coumaroylkaempferol-4'-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside
    —— [(2R,3S,4S)-2-[3,4-bis[dideuterio-(2,3,4,5,6-pentadeuteriophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]-8-bromo-5,7-bis[dideuterio-(2,3,4,5,6-pentadeuteriophenyl)methoxy]-4-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] benzoate 1438268-55-3 C54H49BrO9
    [(2R,3S,4S)-2-[3,4-bis[dideuterio-(2,3,4,5,6-pentadeuteriophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]-8-bromo-5,7-bis[dideuterio-(2,3,4,5,6-pentadeuteriophenyl)methoxy]-4-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] benzoate
    —— (2R,3S)-2-[3,4-bis[dideuterio-(2,3,4,5,6-pentadeuteriophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]-8-chloro-3,5,7-tris[dideuterio-(2,3,4,5,6-pentadeuteriophenyl)methoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene 1438268-56-4 C50H43ClO6
    (2R,3S)-2-[3,4-bis[dideuterio-(2,3,4,5,6-pentadeuteriophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]-8-chloro-3,5,7-tris[dideuterio-(2,3,4,5,6-pentadeuteriophenyl)methoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— (2S,3R,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,7-diol 194998-04-4 C34H34O11
    (2S,3R,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,7-diol