黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-[(Z)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]thiourea | —— | C22H18FN3OS |
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—— | Hydroxy-[[2-hydroxy-5-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenoxy]methyl]-oxophosphanium | —— | C16H12O9P+ |
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—— | 6-[1-(5,7-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-8-yl)-3-methylbutyl]-2,2,4,4-tetramethylcyclohexane-1,3,5-trione | —— | C31H36O7 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-7-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(1R,2S,3R,4R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxypentyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H30O14 |
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—— | 3-[(2'R)-2-amino-2'-(2,3-difluorophenyl)-3'-methyl-5-oxospiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]benzonitrile | —— | C25H18F2N4O2 |
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—— | 3,6-Diamino-2-(3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C16H14N2O3 |
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—— | N-[6-[(2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl)oxy]pyridin-2-yl]methanesulfonamide | —— | C21H20N2O4S |
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—— | (2s)-5,2'-Dihydroxy-7,5'-dimethoxyflavanone | —— | C17H16O6 |
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—— | 3-Ethoxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-5,7-diol | —— | C19H19O7+ |
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—— | 5-[(2S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzene-1,2,3-triol | —— | C17H18O8 |
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—— | methyl 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate;methyl 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate;methyl 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-methyl-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate | —— | C69H58O17 |
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—— | (E)-1-[4-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | Flavan-3,3,4-triol | —— | C15H14O4 |
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—— | N-(6-bromo-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide | —— | C19H20BrNO2S |
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—— | [5-(3,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-2-hydroxyphenoxy]-methylphosphinic acid | —— | C16H13O8P |
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—— | 3',4',5'-trimethoxyflav-2-ene | —— | C18H18O4 |
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—— | 2-(4-ethoxy-3-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-8-[3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | —— | C33H32O11 |
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—— | (5R,7S,8R)-8-[[4-(3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)benzoyl]amino]-N-hydroxy-1-oxaspiro[4.4]nonane-7-carboxamide | —— | C25H28N2O5 |
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—— | 5-[1-[3-bromo-4-[2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyethoxy]phenyl]ethenyl]-4-hydroxy-3H-1,3-thiazol-2-one | —— | C32H28BrNO10S |
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—— | 2-(2,3-Dihydroxy-4-methylphenyl)-3-hydroxychromen-4-one;ethane | —— | C20H24O5 |
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—— | 8-Amino-2-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-3-methoxy-6-methylchromen-4-one | —— | C17H13ClFNO3 |
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—— | [(1S)-7,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-1-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl]-[(2R)-7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-2-[4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]chromen-2-yl]methanesulfonic acid | —— | C39H45NO8S |
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—— | (4Z)-4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene]-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one | —— | C25H17NO4 |
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—— | (2R)-8-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C26H30O4 |
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—— | 6-Bromo-3,3-diphenylbenzo[f]chromene;ethane | —— | C29H29BrO |
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—— | Ethane;3-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C24H36O3 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C24H26O11 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-3-(13-hydroxytridecyl)-7-methoxy-2-(2,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C29H38O8 |
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—— | (3aS,4R,9bR)-8-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-4-[4-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxyphenyl]-3,3a,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]chromen-2-one;(3aS,4R,9bR)-8-methyl-2-methylidene-4-(4-methylphenyl)-3,3a,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]chromene | —— | C81H110O9Si4 |
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—— | (E)-2-(3-methoxy-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-N-(5-methyl-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)chromen-4-imine | —— | C33H26N2O3S |
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—— | 1-[2,6-dihydroxy-4-[(2S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | 3-Bromo-10,11-dimethoxy-5,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-21,21-dimethyl-6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene | —— | C38H33BrO5 |
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—— | (2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(3-hydroxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl)oxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C21H24O8 |
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—— | [(3S,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-[4-[(2S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-enoate | —— | C36H36O18 |
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—— | 3-Methyl-7-(2-methylprop-2-enoxy)-2-phenyl-8-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-1-enyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C32H32O6 |
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—— | 3-Ethenyl-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-2-ol | —— | C17H16O2 |
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—— | (5-Hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl) 4-methylsulfanyl-2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)butanoate | —— | C28H25NO7S |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]peroxychromen-4-one | —— | C21H20O13 |
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—— | 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[(4E)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene]-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-amine | —— | C27H22N2O3S |
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—— | [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxymethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate | —— | C49H53O25+ |
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—— | methyl 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-chloro-6-methyl-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate;methyl 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate | —— | C45H37ClO11 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-oxo-4H-chromen-4-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-3-one | —— | C30H22O12 |
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—— | 8-(4-Butylphenyl)-9-hydroxy-2-[4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]phenyl]-2-phenylbenzo[h]chromene-4-carboxamide | —— | C47H45N3O4 |
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—— | 3-[6-[(3,4-Dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-6-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C20H20O8 |
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—— | (3Z)-3-(1H-indol-3-ylmethylidene)-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C24H17NO2 |
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—— | 3,5-Dimethoxy-2-(3-nitrophenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C17H13NO6 |
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—— | 2'-(cyclohexylmethyl)-2'-phenylspiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-3H-chromene]-5-one | —— | C24H26N2O2 |
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—— | 6-(4-Acetyl-phenoxy)-5,7,4'-trihydroxy-flavon | —— | C23H16O7 |
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—— | N-[(4E)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene]-5-methyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine | —— | C24H18N2O2S2 |
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