黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | (2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C21H18O11 |
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—— | (2E)-2-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1-benzofuran-3-one | —— | C21H20O10 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C29H34O17 |
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—— | syringetin 3-O-glucoside | 40039-49-4 | C23H24O13 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-[2-hydroxy-6-[(2S,4S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C22H24O11 |
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—— | scutellarein 7-O-rutinoside | 36285-12-8 | C27H30O15 |
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—— | 2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O11 |
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—— | (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[3-hydroxy-5-(7-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C22H26O10 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C32H38O20 |
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—— | [(2S,3S,4S,6S)-6-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-3-yl]oxy-2-methyl-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] acetate | —— | C34H40O17 |
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—— | 3,5,7,8-tetrahydroxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C21H20O11 |
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—— | [2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl] sulfite | —— | C18H15O9S- |
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—— | [(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate | —— | C28H24O15 |
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—— | sodium;[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl] sulfite | —— | C18H15NaO9S |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O17 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O17 |
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—— | [2-Hydroxy-4-(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl] sulfite | —— | C17H13O8S- |
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—— | sodium;[2-hydroxy-4-(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl] sulfite | —— | C17H13NaO8S |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C21H20O13 |
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—— | Quercetin 3,5-diglucoside | —— | C27H30O17 |
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—— | 3,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O17 |
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—— | 3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid | —— | C30H32O19 |
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—— | 3-O-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 1-O-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] propanedioate | —— | C24H22O15 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C21H20O11 |
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—— | Pelargonidin 3-O-[2-O-(6-O-(E)-feruloyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside] 5-O-(beta-D-glucopyranoside) | —— | C43H49O23+ |
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—— | Quercetin 3-galactosyl(1 inverted exclamation marku2)rhamnoside | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 3-hydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-5,7-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]chromen-4-one | —— | C33H40O22 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O10 |
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—— | [(2'R,3'S,4'S,8S)-4',5-dihydroxy-2'-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxospiro[9H-furo[2,3-h]chromene-8,5'-oxolane]-3'-yl] acetate | —— | C23H20O10 |
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—— | (2R,2'R,3R,3'R)-2,2'-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,3',4,4'-tetrahydro-2H,2'H-4,8'-bichromene-3,3',5,5',7,7'-hexol | —— | C30H26O12 |
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—— | phellatin | 32507-68-9 | C26H30O12 |
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—— | (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C21H21O11+ |
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—— | 2-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O12 |
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—— | potassium;[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] sulfite | —— | C16H11KO9S |
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—— | [5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] sulfite | —— | C16H11O9S- |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-5-yl)oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C22H20O11 |
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—— | 8-C-Galactosylluteolin | —— | C21H20O11 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(2-methylbutanoyloxy)-6-[3,5,8-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C26H26O14 |
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—— | 7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,6-dihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate | —— | C28H24O17 |
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—— | [(2R,4S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C24H24O12 |
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—— | 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O9 |
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—— | 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-[(2S,4S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O13 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O15 |
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—— | 7,8-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O11 |
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—— | 7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C34H42O18 |
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—— | Neochamaejasmine A | —— | C30H22O10 |
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—— | [(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate | —— | C28H24O17 |
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