黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | Multiflorin A | 61358-52-9 | C29H32O16 |
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—— | [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyl-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C42H47O23+ |
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—— | Moracetin | 61474-16-6 | C33H40O22 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[3,5,8-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C21H18O13 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C33H40O21 |
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—— | 8-[(6R)-6-(2,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)-5-(2,4-dihydroxyphenoxy)-3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C40H38O12 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-methoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C34H42O22 |
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—— | (+/-)-eriodictyol 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 38965-51-4 | C21H22O11 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S)-5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-4,5-diol | —— | C22H26O11 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S)-5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-4,5,7-triol | —— | C22H26O11 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C22H24O11 |
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—— | [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-4-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C39H32O14 |
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—— | [(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C30H26O12 |
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—— | [(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C30H26O12 |
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—— | 8-methoxy-2-phenyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O9 |
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—— | butyl (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylate | —— | C25H26O11 |
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—— | 2-[3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | (-)-(2S)-6-Methoxy-[2'',3'':7,8]-furanoflavanone | —— | C18H14O4 |
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—— | 7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C27H32O14 |
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—— | 2-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C20H18O12 |
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—— | (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C22H23O11+ |
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—— | 7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | [(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-2-[[(2S,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-4-yl] 3-methylbutanoate | —— | C33H40O14 |
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—— | [(2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-diacetyloxy-2-methyl-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-[[5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxan-3-yl] acetate | —— | C40H46O20 |
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—— | (3R)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-6-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-8-(5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylhex-4-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C30H38O8 |
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—— | 3-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C27H32O14 |
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—— | 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethoxy- | 77133-42-7 | C24H26O14 |
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—— | (3R)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-8-(5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylhex-4-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C30H36O7 |
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—— | (3R)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-6,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C25H28O7 |
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—— | 2''-O-rhamnosylicariside | —— | C33H40O14 |
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—— | Korepimedoside C | —— | C41H52O21 |
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—— | (2E)-2-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-7-methoxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1-benzofuran-3-one | —— | C22H22O11 |
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—— | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O13 |
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—— | (2R)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C25H28O6 |
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—— | lanceolin | 64181-95-9 | C22H24O11 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O11 |
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—— | afzelin | —— | C21H20O10 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-carboxy-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-8-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl] sulfate | —— | C22H19O15S- |
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—— | 3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C21H20O10 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O16 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | (1R,17S,18R,27S)-5,13,23-trihydroxy-27-[4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-6,22-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-8,10,26,28-tetraoxaheptacyclo[15.11.0.01,9.02,7.011,16.018,27.020,25]octacosa-2(7),3,5,11(16),12,14,20(25),21,23-nonaen-19-one | —— | C45H44O9 |
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—— | 3-[(4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C20H18O10 |
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—— | Kaempferol 3-O-(2''-O-alpha-rhamnosyl-6''-O-malonyl-beta-glucoside) | —— | C30H32O18 |
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—— | [(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-carboxy-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-8-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-sulfonatooxyoxan-3-yl] sulfate | —— | C22H18O18S2-2 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O12 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-8-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-sulfooxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C22H20O15S |
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—— | Isolimocitrol 3-beta-D-glucoside | —— | C24H26O14 |
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