黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(3S)-3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C21H20ClNO5 |
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—— | [(3S,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C30H27O13+ |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-sulfanyloxychromen-4-one | —— | C15H10O7S |
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—— | [2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-8-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl] N-octadeca-9,12-dienylcarbamate | —— | C40H53ClN2O6 |
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—— | [5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl] 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methylbenzoate;2,2-dimethylpropane | —— | C38H54O11 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(2R)-5-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-3-[(2S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H28O13 |
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—— | 2-(3-formylphenyl)-7-methoxy-8-(1-methyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridin-4-yl)-4-oxochromene-5-carbaldehyde | —— | C24H21NO5 |
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—— | ethane;(2R,3R)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-5,7-diol | —— | C21H30O6 |
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—— | 2,3',6-trimethyl-2'-methylsulfanyl-2-phenylspiro[3H-chromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one | —— | C21H22N2O2S |
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—— | methyl ({(4E)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-[(5-methyl-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)imino]-4H-chromen-6-yl}oxy)acetate | —— | C29H24N2O5S |
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—— | [3,6-Diacetyl-5-acetyloxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl] acetate | —— | C23H18O10 |
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—— | (2Z)-2-[2-(6-bromo-4H-1,3-benzodioxin-8-yl)-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinecarbothioamide | —— | C19H18BrN3O4S |
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—— | 7-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethyl-5-sulfanylchromen-4-one | —— | C19H18O6S |
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—— | 6-Ethyl-5-fluoro-16-methyl-10-phenyl-3,9,15-trioxatetracyclo[12.4.0.02,7.08,13]octadeca-1,5,7,11,13,16-hexaene-4,18-dione | —— | C24H17FO5 |
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—— | 2-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydrochromen-2-yl]-2-oxoacetic acid | —— | C17H14O9 |
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—— | [11-methyl-11-[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]-5H-chromeno[4,3-c]chromen-2-yl] 2,2-dimethylpropanoate | —— | C34H37NO5 |
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—— | 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,7-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C27H32O15 |
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—— | 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]peroxychromen-4-one | —— | C21H20O10 |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-(3-phenylprop-2-enyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C26H22O7 |
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—— | 3-Hydrazinyl-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C15H12N2O2 |
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—— | methyl 2-[(1S,5R,13S)-5,13-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-18-nitro-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15(20),16,18-hexaen-1-yl]acetate | —— | C33H27NO11 |
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—— | 3-Bromo-2-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)chromen-4-one;ethane | —— | C20H23BrO2S |
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—— | 6-ethyl-7-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C25H19N3O5 |
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—— | 8,3'-Dimethoxy-5,4'-dihydroxyflavone | —— | C17H14O6 |
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—— | (2S)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-2-ol | —— | C15H14O2 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-7-hydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C18H14O5 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2-(2-methylprop-2-enyl)phenyl]-6,8-bis(2-methylprop-2-enyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C28H30O5 |
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—— | [5-methyl-5-[4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]-11H-chromeno[4,3-c]chromen-2-yl] 2,2-dimethylpropanoate | —— | C35H39NO5 |
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—— | 3-[(2'R)-2-amino-3',5'-dimethyl-5-oxo-2'-phenylspiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]benzonitrile | —— | C26H22N4O2 |
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—— | 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-[[5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]methoxy]chromen-4-one | —— | C25H15F3N2O5 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[2-methoxy-5-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenoxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C22H20O13 |
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—— | (3aR,4S,9bS)-8-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-3,3a,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]chromen-2-one;trimethyl(trifluoromethyl)silane | —— | C24H29F3O2Si |
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—— | (3Z)-2-phenyl-3-(thiophen-2-ylmethylidene)chromen-4-one | —— | C20H14O2S |
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—— | 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C21H20O11 |
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—— | (2R)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-3-one | —— | C18H18O7 |
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—— | 8-[(3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O16 |
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—— | 3,7-Dihydroxy-2-phenyl-5-propoxychromen-4-one | —— | C18H16O5 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-7-[(3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O15 |
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—— | 3-[(2'R)-2-amino-2'-(2-fluorophenyl)-3'-methyl-5-oxospiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]benzonitrile | —— | C25H19FN4O2 |
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—— | Ethoxy-[[7-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxymethyl]phosphinic acid | —— | C19H19O8P |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-6-[(2S,5S)-5-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C20H19NO7 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-7-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]peroxy-2-(2,3,4-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C23H24O15 |
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—— | N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzenesulfonamide | —— | C21H18N2O3S |
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—— | [4-(3-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)phenyl]methanediol | —— | C16H16O4 |
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—— | [(2S,3S,5S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-3-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-6-methyloxan-4-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C39H32O14 |
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—— | [5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-7-yl] (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate | —— | C22H20O11 |
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—— | 6-Butyl-16-methyl-10-phenyl-3,9,15-trioxatetracyclo[12.4.0.02,7.08,13]octadeca-1,5,7,11,13,16-hexaene-4,18-dione | —— | C26H22O5 |
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—— | 7-Decyl-2-(3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethylphenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one | —— | C28H36O3 |
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—— | (E)-2-cyano-N-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)prop-2-enamide | —— | C26H20N2O2 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[2-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)acetyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H24O15 |
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