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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C33H40O15
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C33H40O15
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 5-methoxy-2-(6'-methoxy-1',3',4',9a'-tetrahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthen]-4a'(2'H)-yl)phenyl 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4-sulfonate —— C32H34N2O6S2
    5-methoxy-2-(6'-methoxy-1',3',4',9a'-tetrahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthen]-4a'(2'H)-yl)phenyl 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4-sulfonate
    —— 4-(naphthalen-2-yloxymethyl)-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzamide —— C33H26N2O3
    4-(naphthalen-2-yloxymethyl)-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzamide
    —— 2-[5-methoxy-2-(6'-methoxy-1',3',4',9a'-tetrahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthen]-4a'(2'H)-yl)phenoxy]-1-phenylethanone —— C34H38O5
    2-[5-methoxy-2-(6'-methoxy-1',3',4',9a'-tetrahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthen]-4a'(2'H)-yl)phenoxy]-1-phenylethanone
    —— N-[4-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-6-ethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-imine —— C28H23BrN2O3S
    N-[4-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-6-ethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-imine
    —— [2-(1-Adamantylamino)-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C29H29NO5
    [2-(1-Adamantylamino)-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— 2-(6-carboxy-1,3-benzodioxan-8-yl)chromone —— C18H12O6
    2-(6-carboxy-1,3-benzodioxan-8-yl)chromone
    —— 6-bromo-3-methyl-2-phenyl-3-piperidin-1-yl-2H-chromen-4-one —— C21H22BrNO2
    6-bromo-3-methyl-2-phenyl-3-piperidin-1-yl-2H-chromen-4-one
    —— (8-Chloro-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-6-YL)acetic acid —— C17H11ClO5
    (8-Chloro-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-6-YL)acetic acid
    —— 9-(3-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H15BrClFN4O
    9-(3-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— (6R)-2,3,8,10-tetrahydroxy-9,11-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-6H-chromeno[4,3-b]chromen-7-one —— C30H32O7
    (6R)-2,3,8,10-tetrahydroxy-9,11-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-6H-chromeno[4,3-b]chromen-7-one
    —— (6S)-2,3,8,10-tetrahydroxy-9,11-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-6H-chromeno[4,3-b]chromen-7-one —— C30H32O7
    (6S)-2,3,8,10-tetrahydroxy-9,11-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-6H-chromeno[4,3-b]chromen-7-one
    —— 7-Methyl-2-(3-nitrophenyl)chromen-4-one —— C16H11NO4
    7-Methyl-2-(3-nitrophenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 7-Methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]chromen-4-one —— C17H11F3O2
    7-Methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]oxidanium —— C16H13O3+
    [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]oxidanium
    —— [4-[[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]phenyl] pyridin-1-ium-4-carboxylate —— C29H23N2O4+
    [4-[[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]phenyl] pyridin-1-ium-4-carboxylate
    —— 2-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C20H17O6-
    2-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— Benzyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C27H24O6
    Benzyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— Methyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C21H20O6
    Methyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— Ethyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C22H22O6
    Ethyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— 2-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoic acid —— C20H18O6
    2-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoic acid
    —— Cyclohexyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C26H28O6
    Cyclohexyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— [3a-(2,4-Diacetyloxyphenyl)spiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-6-yl] acetate —— C28H30O7
    [3a-(2,4-Diacetyloxyphenyl)spiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-6-yl] acetate
    —— Ethyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C24H26O7
    Ethyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— 2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoic acid —— C22H22O7
    2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoic acid
    —— Methyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C23H24O7
    Methyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— 2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C22H21O7-
    2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— 9,11-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H16Cl2N4O
    9,11-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— [2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate —— C27H22Cl2O5
    [2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate
    —— [4-Oxo-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)chromen-6-yl] benzoate —— C25H20O7
    [4-Oxo-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)chromen-6-yl] benzoate
    —— (2S)-2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C19H14ClO5-
    (2S)-2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— [2-[(2R,6R)-2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl]-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C25H25NO6
    [2-[(2R,6R)-2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl]-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— (9R,11S)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C27H23FN4O4
    (9R,11S)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (9R,11R)-9-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C25H22N4O3S
    (9R,11R)-9-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (9S,11R)-4-methyl-9-(4-methylphenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H20N4OS
    (9S,11R)-4-methyl-9-(4-methylphenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 3-methyl-2-phenyl-8-[4-[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enyl]piperazine-1-carbonyl]chromen-4-one —— C30H28N2O3
    3-methyl-2-phenyl-8-[4-[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enyl]piperazine-1-carbonyl]chromen-4-one
    —— (2R)-4-ethoxy-3-methyl-2-phenyl-2H-chromene —— C18H18O2
    (2R)-4-ethoxy-3-methyl-2-phenyl-2H-chromene
    —— (9S,11S)-11-(3-chlorophenyl)-9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21ClN4O3
    (9S,11S)-11-(3-chlorophenyl)-9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (9R,11S)-11-pyridin-3-yl-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H23N5O4
    (9R,11S)-11-pyridin-3-yl-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (9R,11R)-4-chloro-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H15Cl2FN4O
    (9R,11R)-4-chloro-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— (9R,11R)-4-chloro-9,11-bis(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C27H23ClN4OS
    (9R,11R)-4-chloro-9,11-bis(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— Propan-2-yl 2-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetate —— C23H24O6
    Propan-2-yl 2-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetate
    —— 6-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)chromen-4-imine —— C20H15ClN2O3S
    6-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)chromen-4-imine
    —— 6-chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(6-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)chromen-4-imine —— C24H17ClN2O2S
    6-chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(6-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)chromen-4-imine
    —— methyl (2S)-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C21H20O6
    methyl (2S)-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— [2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-6-chloro-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-methylbenzoate —— C27H23ClO4
    [2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-6-chloro-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-methylbenzoate
    —— 2-(4-Methylphenyl)-3-(2-naphthalen-1-yl-2-oxoethoxy)chromen-4-one —— C28H20O4
    2-(4-Methylphenyl)-3-(2-naphthalen-1-yl-2-oxoethoxy)chromen-4-one
    —— [2-(3-Bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] benzoate —— C23H15BrO5
    [2-(3-Bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] benzoate
    —— [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] pyridine-3-carboxylate —— C22H15NO5
    [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] pyridine-3-carboxylate