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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-[(2S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C29H34O17
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-[(2S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-[(2S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C29H34O17
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-[(2S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3S)-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-2-[3,4,5-tris(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-amine —— C50H45NO6
    (2R,3S)-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-2-[3,4,5-tris(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-amine
    —— 3,8-dihydroxy-4,10-dimethoxy-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-7-one —— C18H14O7
    3,8-dihydroxy-4,10-dimethoxy-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-7-one
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxymethyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-hydroxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C52H59O25+
    (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxymethyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-hydroxychromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-6,8-di(octadecanoyl)-3,7-di(octadecanoyloxy)-4-oxochromen-5-yl] octadecanoate —— C105H180O12
    [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-6,8-di(octadecanoyl)-3,7-di(octadecanoyloxy)-4-oxochromen-5-yl] octadecanoate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-methyl-3H-chromen-1-ium-4-one —— C16H13O6+
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-methyl-3H-chromen-1-ium-4-one
    —— 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
    7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— [[6-[(2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl)oxy]pyridin-3-yl]amino] piperidine-4-carboxylate —— C26H27N3O4
    [[6-[(2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl)oxy]pyridin-3-yl]amino] piperidine-4-carboxylate
    —— (2S)-2-[2-(7-amino-3,7-dimethyloct-2-enyl)-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl]-6-(3-amino-3-methylbutyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C34H50N2O6
    (2S)-2-[2-(7-amino-3,7-dimethyloct-2-enyl)-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl]-6-(3-amino-3-methylbutyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside-7-O-glucoside —— C27H30O15
    kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside-7-O-glucoside
    —— (2S)-2-[2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-6-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C33H44O7
    (2S)-2-[2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-6-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 2-[4-(1-Methylidenephosphanylethenyl)phenyl]-6-(phosphanylmethyl)chromen-4-one —— C19H16O2P2
    2-[4-(1-Methylidenephosphanylethenyl)phenyl]-6-(phosphanylmethyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 2'-methyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-3H-chromene]-4-one —— C19H20N2O2
    2'-methyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-3H-chromene]-4-one
    —— N,N-diethyl-2-[(E)-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]oxyethanamine —— C22H28N2O2
    N,N-diethyl-2-[(E)-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]oxyethanamine
    —— N,N-diethyl-2-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]oxyethanamine —— C21H26N2O2
    N,N-diethyl-2-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]oxyethanamine
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[[ethoxy(methyl)phosphoryl]methoxy]-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one —— C19H19O9P
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[[ethoxy(methyl)phosphoryl]methoxy]-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 3,5,7-Tris[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C39H50O26
    3,5,7-Tris[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— Ethane;3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C18H18O5
    Ethane;3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— [6-Acetyl-3,5-diacetyloxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl] acetate —— C23H18O11
    [6-Acetyl-3,5-diacetyloxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl] acetate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromen-4-one —— C21H20O12
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromen-4-one —— C21H20O11
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-7-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-2-oxoethoxy]-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C24H18O5
    5-hydroxy-7-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-2-oxoethoxy]-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-3,7-dimethylchromen-4-one —— C19H18O2
    2-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-3,7-dimethylchromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-tris(prop-2-enoxy)-6,8-bis(prop-2-enyl)chromen-4-one —— C30H30O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-tris(prop-2-enoxy)-6,8-bis(prop-2-enyl)chromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3S)-2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3-[(2S,4S,5S)-6-methyl-3,4,5-tris(phenylmethoxy)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol —— C70H66O11
    (2R,3S)-2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3-[(2S,4S,5S)-6-methyl-3,4,5-tris(phenylmethoxy)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol
    —— (3-Methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carbonyl) 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C34H22O7
    (3-Methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carbonyl) 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— 6-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-nitrosoethoxy]-2-phenylchromen-4-one —— C24H19NO5
    6-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-nitrosoethoxy]-2-phenylchromen-4-one
    —— 4,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-4H-chromen-3-one —— C20H20O6
    4,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-4H-chromen-3-one
    —— [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-6,8-di(dodecanoyl)-3,7-di(dodecanoyloxy)-4-oxochromen-5-yl] dodecanoate —— C75H120O12
    [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-6,8-di(dodecanoyl)-3,7-di(dodecanoyloxy)-4-oxochromen-5-yl] dodecanoate
    —— 2'-Amino-6-(3-aminophenyl)-3'-benzyl-2-phenylspiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one —— C30H26N4O2
    2'-Amino-6-(3-aminophenyl)-3'-benzyl-2-phenylspiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one
    —— 10,11-Dimethoxy-5,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-21,21-dimethyl-3-(2-phenylethynyl)-6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene —— C46H38O5
    10,11-Dimethoxy-5,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-21,21-dimethyl-3-(2-phenylethynyl)-6-oxapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]henicosa-1(14),2(7),3,8,10,12,15,17,19-nonaene
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-oxohexanoic acid —— C21H18O11
    (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-oxohexanoic acid
    —— Methyl 2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-2-[8-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-5-yl]acetate —— C34H34O12
    Methyl 2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-2-[8-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-5-yl]acetate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O16
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— (2R)-6-(3-cyclopropylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-phenylspiro[3H-chromene-4,4'-imidazole]-2'-amine —— C27H25N3O
    (2R)-6-(3-cyclopropylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-phenylspiro[3H-chromene-4,4'-imidazole]-2'-amine
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydrochromene-2,7-diol —— C15H14O5
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydrochromene-2,7-diol
    —— copper;7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-5-olate;1,10-phenanthroline;hexafluorophosphate —— C39H39CuF6N2O14P
    copper;7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-5-olate;1,10-phenanthroline;hexafluorophosphate
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(3S,4R)-3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl]-2-(2-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one;propane —— C25H31NO5
    5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(3S,4R)-3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl]-2-(2-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one;propane
    —— 4-deuteriooxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-one —— C21H20O12
    4-deuteriooxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-one
    —— tert-butyl N-[3-methyl-1-oxo-1-[(2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl)oxy-pyridin-3-ylamino]butan-2-yl]carbamate —— C30H35N3O5
    tert-butyl N-[3-methyl-1-oxo-1-[(2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl)oxy-pyridin-3-ylamino]butan-2-yl]carbamate
    —— 3-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-chromen-3-yl]-1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one —— C34H30O5
    3-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-chromen-3-yl]-1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)peroxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H18O12
    (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)peroxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 8-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]chromen-4-one —— C17H11F3O3
    8-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol —— C21H24O12
    (2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
    —— 2-(3-Methyl-4-nitrophenyl)chromen-4-one —— C16H11NO4
    2-(3-Methyl-4-nitrophenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— (2R)-2-amino-1-(2-hydroxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-3-yl)-3-sulfanylpropan-1-one —— C18H19NO3S
    (2R)-2-amino-1-(2-hydroxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-3-yl)-3-sulfanylpropan-1-one
    —— [(3S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-[(2S,3S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C42H46O23
    [(3S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-[(2S,3S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— (2S,4S)-6-(3-aminopyridin-2-yl)oxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol —— C21H20N2O4
    (2S,4S)-6-(3-aminopyridin-2-yl)oxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxymethyl]oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C43H51O23+
    (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoxymethyl]oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol