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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (E)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one —— C21H21NO10
    (E)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one
    —— (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-hydroxy-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one —— C21H22O9
    (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-hydroxy-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one
    —— 2-[4-oxo-5-[(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]acetic acid —— C21H15NO4S2
    2-[4-oxo-5-[(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]acetic acid
    —— 11-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C28H26N4O4
    11-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-ium —— C23H26NO4+
    4-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-ium
    —— 4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H18ClFN4O2
    4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 9-(3-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H16F2N4O
    9-(3-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-(3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-8-carbonyl)piperazin-2-one —— C21H18N2O4
    4-(3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-8-carbonyl)piperazin-2-one
    —— (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C28H34O15
    (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 9-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C27H23BrN4O4
    9-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 11-phenyl-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C27H24N4O4
    11-phenyl-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-[9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-11-yl]-N,N-dimethylaniline —— C27H25N5O2
    4-[9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-11-yl]-N,N-dimethylaniline
    —— (2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H18O11
    (2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H18O11
    (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-phenyl-6-[6-(1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C26H20N4O2
    2-phenyl-6-[6-(1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]chromen-4-one
    —— 9-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C27H23BrN4O3S
    9-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— N-(2-methoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C24H18N2O6
    N-(2-methoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— 9-(4-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C23H17FN4OS2
    9-(4-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— [8-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl]acetic acid —— C17H10Cl2O4
    [8-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl]acetic acid
    —— 4-chloro-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C26H20ClFN4OS
    4-chloro-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— [(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate —— C23H22O13
    [(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate
    —— 4-[4-oxo-5-[(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]piperazine-1-carboxamide —— C24H22N4O3S
    4-[4-oxo-5-[(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]piperazine-1-carboxamide
    —— 2-[6-chloro-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide —— C26H19ClF3NO4
    2-[6-chloro-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide
    —— 2-(4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-6-yl)oxypropanoic acid —— C18H14O5
    2-(4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-6-yl)oxypropanoic acid
    —— (6-Ethyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C28H24O6
    (6-Ethyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— Methyl 2-cyano-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]acetate —— C21H17NO5
    Methyl 2-cyano-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]acetate
    —— 9-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H16BrClN4O
    9-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— [2-(3-Bromo-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate —— C28H20BrNO8
    [2-(3-Bromo-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate
    —— [2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C29H25ClO4
    [2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 2-(4-Bromophenyl)chromenylium —— C15H10BrO+
    2-(4-Bromophenyl)chromenylium
    —— 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]chromen-4-imine —— C27H22N2O3S
    2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]chromen-4-imine
    —— N-[[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]amino]naphthalen-2-amine —— C26H20N2O2
    N-[[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]amino]naphthalen-2-amine
    —— 1-[2,4-Dihydroxy-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-1-one —— C21H23NO11
    1-[2,4-Dihydroxy-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-1-one
    —— [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C26H19ClO5
    [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-3-carboxylate —— C26H20O7
    [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-3-carboxylate
    —— [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] oxolane-2-carboxylate —— C22H20O6
    [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] oxolane-2-carboxylate
    —— [2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylmethanaminium —— C25H26NO2+
    [2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylmethanaminium
    —— 9-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H17BrClFN4OS
    9-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 3-[(3-Nitro-4-propan-2-ylphenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one —— C25H21NO4
    3-[(3-Nitro-4-propan-2-ylphenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one
    —— 9-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C26H20BrClN4O2S
    9-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 3-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-5-[4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C22H24O11
    3-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-5-[4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— N-cyclohexyl-2-(4-oxo-2-phenyl-chromen-6-yl)-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine —— C29H26N4O2
    N-cyclohexyl-2-(4-oxo-2-phenyl-chromen-6-yl)-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine
    —— 9-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H20BrFN4O2S
    9-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— methyl 4-[11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate —— C27H21FN4O3
    methyl 4-[11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate
    —— 11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C27H23FN4O3
    11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— Methyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C22H22O6
    Methyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— 9-(3-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C22H14BrClN4OS
    9-(3-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— (4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-6-yl) 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate —— C26H17NO6
    (4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-6-yl) 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate
    —— methyl 9,11-bis(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene-14-carboxylate —— C28H24N4O3
    methyl 9,11-bis(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene-14-carboxylate
    —— 2-[6-chloro-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-(2-chlorophenyl)propanamide —— C25H19Cl2NO4
    2-[6-chloro-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-(2-chlorophenyl)propanamide