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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-2-[3-methoxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C24H26O12
    5-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-2-[3-methoxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-2-[2,3-dihydroxy-5-(3,5,7-trihydroxychromenylium-2-yl)phenoxy]-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate —— C30H27O17+
    [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-2-[2,3-dihydroxy-5-(3,5,7-trihydroxychromenylium-2-yl)phenoxy]-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
    —— (2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(1R,2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]oxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol —— C34H43O19+
    (2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(1R,2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]oxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— acetylpectolinarin —— C31H36O16
    acetylpectolinarin
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C22H20O12
    (2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— [(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C39H32O14
    [(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C26H28O15
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
    —— [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate;chloride —— C42H47ClO24
    [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate;chloride
    —— [(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-5-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate —— C29H32O15
    [(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-5-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate
    —— Baeckea frutescens 5 —— C30H32O6
    Baeckea frutescens 5
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-6-[(3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-6-[(3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
    —— N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide —— C22H16ClNO5S
    N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide
    —— 2-chloro-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]benzamide 958745-66-9 C22H13Cl2NO4
    2-chloro-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]benzamide
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C21H20O11
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— Baeckea frutescens 4 —— C30H32O6
    Baeckea frutescens 4
    —— Vicinin 2 90456-53-4 C27H30O17
    Vicinin 2
    —— 6,8-Diamino-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one —— C15H11ClN2O3
    6,8-Diamino-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one
    —— N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-2-methylbenzamide —— C23H16ClNO4
    N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-2-methylbenzamide
    —— N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl]methanesulfonamide —— C16H12ClNO5S
    N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl]methanesulfonamide
    —— 4-bromo-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]benzamide —— C22H13BrClNO4
    4-bromo-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]benzamide
    —— anisole;N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]acetamide —— C24H20ClNO5
    anisole;N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]acetamide
    —— N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]acetamide —— C17H12ClNO4
    N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]acetamide
    —— 3-chloro-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]benzamide —— C22H13Cl2NO4
    3-chloro-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]benzamide
    —— 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one;nitromethane —— C16H12ClNO5
    2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one;nitromethane
    —— N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl]benzamide —— C22H14ClNO4
    N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl]benzamide
    —— 8-Bromo-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methoxychromen-4-one —— C16H10BrClO3
    8-Bromo-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methoxychromen-4-one
    —— 5-Methoxy-2,8-diphenylchromen-4-one —— C22H16O3
    5-Methoxy-2,8-diphenylchromen-4-one
    —— 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-8-morpholin-4-ylchromen-4-one —— C19H16ClNO4
    2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-8-morpholin-4-ylchromen-4-one
    —— N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-3-methylbenzamide —— C23H16ClNO4
    N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-3-methylbenzamide
    —— 8-Bromo-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one —— C15H8BrClO3
    8-Bromo-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-hydroxy-7-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C17H12O5
    2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-hydroxy-7-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 7-chloro-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C18H15ClO5
    7-chloro-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-N-[(Z)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide —— C22H22N4O2
    2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-N-[(Z)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide
    —— 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one —— C26H28O16
    3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— (1R,5R,6R,13S,21S)-5,13-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15,17,19-hexaene-6,9,17,19,21-pentol —— C30H24O12
    (1R,5R,6R,13S,21S)-5,13-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15,17,19-hexaene-6,9,17,19,21-pentol
    —— Malonylapiin —— C29H30O17
    Malonylapiin
    —— (2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one —— C34H44O18
    (2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 6-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-[4-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl]chromen-4-one —— C21H18N4O2
    6-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-[4-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 2-[4-[6-(6-carbamimidoyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4-oxo-chromen-2-yl]phenyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine —— C31H22N8O2
    2-[4-[6-(6-carbamimidoyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4-oxo-chromen-2-yl]phenyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine
    —— N-isopropyl-2-[4-[6-[6-(N-isopropylcarbamimidoyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]-4-oxo-chromen-2-yl]phenyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine —— C37H34N8O2
    N-isopropyl-2-[4-[6-[6-(N-isopropylcarbamimidoyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]-4-oxo-chromen-2-yl]phenyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine
    —— N-isopropyl-2-[4-(7-methoxy-4-oxo-chromen-2-yl)phenyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine —— C27H24N4O3
    N-isopropyl-2-[4-(7-methoxy-4-oxo-chromen-2-yl)phenyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine
    —— N-butyl-2-(4-oxo-2-phenyl-chromen-6-yl)-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine —— C27H24N4O2
    N-butyl-2-(4-oxo-2-phenyl-chromen-6-yl)-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine
    —— 3-Methoxy-2-phenyl-thieno[2,3-h]chromen-4-one —— C18H12O3S
    3-Methoxy-2-phenyl-thieno[2,3-h]chromen-4-one
    —— 2-[4-(4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine —— C23H16N4O2
    2-[4-(4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine
    —— N-isopropyl-2-[4-(N-isopropylcarbamimidoyl)phenyl]-4-oxo-chromene-6-carboxamidine —— C23H26N4O2
    N-isopropyl-2-[4-(N-isopropylcarbamimidoyl)phenyl]-4-oxo-chromene-6-carboxamidine
    —— 2-(4-oxo-2-phenyl-chromen-6-yl)-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine —— C23H16N4O2
    2-(4-oxo-2-phenyl-chromen-6-yl)-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine
    —— N-isopropyl-2-[4-(4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine —— C26H22N4O2
    N-isopropyl-2-[4-(4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamidine
    —— 2-[4-(4,5-Dihydrooxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-3-methoxy-chromen-4-one —— C19H15NO4
    2-[4-(4,5-Dihydrooxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-3-methoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 4-(6-Chloro-4-oxo-chroman-2-yl)benzoic acid —— C16H11ClO4
    4-(6-Chloro-4-oxo-chroman-2-yl)benzoic acid
    —— 4-(4-Oxochroman-2-yl)benzoic acid —— C16H12O4
    4-(4-Oxochroman-2-yl)benzoic acid