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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C23H24O11
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C23H25O12+
    (2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine —— C24H20N4O2
    N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine
    —— (2R,3E)-3-[(2-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one —— C22H15NO4
    (2R,3E)-3-[(2-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one
    —— (3aR,4R,9bR)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methyl-3a-nitro-4,9b-dihydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2]oxazole —— C18H18N2O5
    (3aR,4R,9bR)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methyl-3a-nitro-4,9b-dihydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2]oxazole
    —— (2R)-7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C21H22O9
    (2R)-7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C27H30O14
    7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— [(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C30H26O14
    [(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 4-methyl-2-[(2Z)-2-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)hydrazinyl]-1H-pyrimidin-6-one —— C20H18N4O2
    4-methyl-2-[(2Z)-2-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)hydrazinyl]-1H-pyrimidin-6-one
    —— N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]-2-(trifluoromethyl)aniline —— C22H17F3N2O
    N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]-2-(trifluoromethyl)aniline
    —— [(2'R,6R)-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-sulfanylidenespiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-yl] 2-nitrobenzenesulfonate —— C26H25N3O6S2
    [(2'R,6R)-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-sulfanylidenespiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-yl] 2-nitrobenzenesulfonate
    —— (5Z)-3-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)-5-[(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C24H21NO3S2
    (5Z)-3-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)-5-[(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— (9R,11S)-9-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C25H17BrCl2N4O2
    (9R,11S)-9-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
    —— (9R,11R)-9-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C25H17BrCl2N4O2
    (9R,11R)-9-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
    —— (9S,11S)-9-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C27H23BrN4O4
    (9S,11S)-9-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
    —— (9R,11R)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C25H19ClN4O2
    (9R,11R)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (9R,11R)-9-(4-bromophenyl)-11-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C25H19BrN4O2
    (9R,11R)-9-(4-bromophenyl)-11-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
    —— methyl 4-[(9R,11R)-11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate —— C27H21BrN4O4
    methyl 4-[(9R,11R)-11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate
    —— (9R,11R)-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H19ClN4O
    (9R,11R)-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— (9R,11R)-9-(4-ethylphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C27H24N4O
    (9R,11R)-9-(4-ethylphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
    —— (9R,11S)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C24H15ClF2N4O
    (9R,11S)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
    —— (2R)-7,8-dimethoxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C17H16O4
    (2R)-7,8-dimethoxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (9R,11R)-11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C26H21BrN4O3
    (9R,11R)-11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
    —— (9R,11S)-4-chloro-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C24H15Cl2FN4O
    (9R,11S)-4-chloro-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
    —— (2R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetramethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C19H20O7
    (2R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetramethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (S)-6-bromo-3-nitro-2-phenyl-2H-chromene —— C15H10BrNO3
    (S)-6-bromo-3-nitro-2-phenyl-2H-chromene
    —— 9,11-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C27H24N4O3
    9,11-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-chloro-9,11-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21ClN4O3
    4-chloro-9,11-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 9-(4-ethylphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21FN4O
    9-(4-ethylphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 6-Amino-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one —— C15H10ClNO3
    6-Amino-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21FN4OS
    11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 3,5-dichloro-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl]-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonamide —— C21H12Cl3NO6S
    3,5-dichloro-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl]-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonamide
    —— 4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H15ClF2N4O
    4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21BrN4O2
    11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-4-methylbenzamide —— C23H16ClNO4
    N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-4-methylbenzamide
    —— 8-(4-Fluorophenyl)-5-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one —— C22H15FO3
    8-(4-Fluorophenyl)-5-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one
    —— 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5-ethoxychromen-4-one —— C17H13ClO3
    2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5-ethoxychromen-4-one
    —— [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-8-[(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)amino]-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl] 2,6-dichlorobenzoate —— C29H14Cl5NO6
    [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-8-[(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)amino]-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl] 2,6-dichlorobenzoate
    —— 9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C26H23N5O3
    9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-(4-chloro-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaen-9-yl)-N,N-dimethylaniline —— C26H22ClN5O
    4-(4-chloro-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaen-9-yl)-N,N-dimethylaniline
    —— 4-chloro-11-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21ClN4OS
    4-chloro-11-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— N-[(2R,4S)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]benzamide —— C22H19NO2
    N-[(2R,4S)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]benzamide
    —— N-[(2R,3R)-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]methanesulfonamide —— C16H15NO4S
    N-[(2R,3R)-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]methanesulfonamide
    —— 2-[(2S,4R)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]isoindole-1,3-dione —— C23H17NO3
    2-[(2S,4R)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]isoindole-1,3-dione
    —— N-[(2S,3R)-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]methanesulfonamide —— C16H15NO4S
    N-[(2S,3R)-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]methanesulfonamide
    —— (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2,3,7-trimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C19H20O7
    (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2,3,7-trimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C18H18O5
    (2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-2,3,7-trimethoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one —— C18H18O6
    (2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-2,3,7-trimethoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3S)-2,3-diethoxy-3-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one —— C19H20O5
    (2R,3S)-2,3-diethoxy-3-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2,3,7-trimethoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one —— C18H18O6
    (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2,3,7-trimethoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one