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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-2-[3,4,5-tris(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C50H44O6
    5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-2-[3,4,5-tris(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— N-[(E)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine —— C25H22N4O3
    N-[(E)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine
    —— 1-(4-morpholin-4-ylsulfonylphenyl)-3-[(Z)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]thiourea —— C26H26N4O4S2
    1-(4-morpholin-4-ylsulfonylphenyl)-3-[(Z)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]thiourea
    —— Monohydroxytetramethoxyflavone —— C19H18O7
    Monohydroxytetramethoxyflavone
    —— [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl] pentanoate —— C20H18O8
    [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl] pentanoate
    —— 7-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-(2-methyl-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1,5,2lambda5-benzodioxaphosphepin-8-yl)chromen-4-one —— C19H17O6P
    7-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-(2-methyl-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1,5,2lambda5-benzodioxaphosphepin-8-yl)chromen-4-one
    —— N-[(E)-(6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)amino]quinolin-2-amine —— C25H19N3O2
    N-[(E)-(6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)amino]quinolin-2-amine
    —— [3-Oxonio-4-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl]oxidanium;titanium —— C15H12O7Ti+2
    [3-Oxonio-4-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl]oxidanium;titanium
    —— [4-[(2S)-7-(1-methoxyperoxyprop-1-enyl)-4-methyl-2-[4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]-2H-chromen-3-yl]phenyl] propan-2-yl carbonate —— C37H43NO8
    [4-[(2S)-7-(1-methoxyperoxyprop-1-enyl)-4-methyl-2-[4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]-2H-chromen-3-yl]phenyl] propan-2-yl carbonate
    —— 2-(4-cyanophenoxy)-N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]acetamide —— C24H19N3O3
    2-(4-cyanophenoxy)-N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]acetamide
    —— N-[(4E)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene]-5-methyl-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-2-amine —— C27H22N2O3S
    N-[(4E)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene]-5-methyl-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-2-amine
    —— 6-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-[7-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-5-yl]oxyoxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol —— C33H41O22+
    6-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-[7-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-5-yl]oxyoxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
    —— Ethane;5-methyl-2,2-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzo[h]chromene —— C34H42O
    Ethane;5-methyl-2,2-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzo[h]chromene
    —— [2-[4-(Diethylamino)phenyl]-3-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-6-yl]methyl-dimethyl-octylazanium —— C30H43N2O3+
    [2-[4-(Diethylamino)phenyl]-3-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-6-yl]methyl-dimethyl-octylazanium
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-2-(2,3,4-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C17H14O9
    5,7-Dihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-2-(2,3,4-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-Dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-[4-(1-nitrosoethyl)phenoxy]chromen-4-one —— C26H23NO7
    5,7-Dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-[4-(1-nitrosoethyl)phenoxy]chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-nitrochromen-4-one —— C17H13NO9
    5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-nitrochromen-4-one
    —— Ethane;3-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one —— C23H34O3
    Ethane;3-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one
    —— (2E)-3-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(2-methylphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl]-1-(thiophen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one —— C31H26O4S
    (2E)-3-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(2-methylphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl]-1-(thiophen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
    —— N-[3-(2'-ethyl-1'-methyl-5'-oxo-2-phenylspiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,4'-imidazole]-6-yl)phenyl]methanesulfonamide —— C27H27N3O4S
    N-[3-(2'-ethyl-1'-methyl-5'-oxo-2-phenylspiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,4'-imidazole]-6-yl)phenyl]methanesulfonamide
    —— 2'-Amino-3'-ethyl-6-methyl-2-phenylspiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one —— C20H21N3O2
    2'-Amino-3'-ethyl-6-methyl-2-phenylspiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one
    —— N-[(E)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-ethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine —— C25H26N4O3
    N-[(E)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-ethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine
    —— (2S)-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-2-[3,4,5-tris(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C50H44O6
    (2S)-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-2-[3,4,5-tris(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— 2-(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-8-[[hydroxy(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]amino]chromen-4-one —— C19H12ClFN2O3S
    2-(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-8-[[hydroxy(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]amino]chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene;2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C62H76O15
    2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene;2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— ethane;3-methyl-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C24H40O
    ethane;3-methyl-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-(12-hydroxydodecyl)chromen-4-one —— C27H34O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-(12-hydroxydodecyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 4-bromo-N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzenesulfonamide —— C21H17BrN2O3S
    4-bromo-N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzenesulfonamide
    —— 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-[2-(5-pyridin-4-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)ethoxy]chromen-4-one —— C24H17N3O5
    2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-[2-(5-pyridin-4-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)ethoxy]chromen-4-one
    —— (2Z)-2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]acetonitrile —— C27H21N3O3
    (2Z)-2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]acetonitrile
    —— [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 2-aminoethanesulfonate —— C17H19NO8S
    [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 2-aminoethanesulfonate
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C22H22O11
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylchromen-4-one —— C19H18O3
    2-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylchromen-4-one
    —— O-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-8-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl] N-octadeca-9,12-dienylcarbamothioate —— C40H53ClN2O5S
    O-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-8-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl] N-octadeca-9,12-dienylcarbamothioate
    —— methyl 2-[(2E)-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate —— C24H23N3O5S
    methyl 2-[(2E)-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate
    —— methyl 2-[(2E)-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate —— C23H21N3O4S
    methyl 2-[(2E)-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate
    —— 5-Deuterio-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxychromen-4-one —— C16H12O5
    5-Deuterio-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(5-pyridin-2-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)methoxy]chromen-4-one —— C23H15N3O5
    2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(5-pyridin-2-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)methoxy]chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3-Ethoxy-4-ethylphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methyl-3-phenylmethoxychromen-4-one —— C27H26O5
    2-(3-Ethoxy-4-ethylphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methyl-3-phenylmethoxychromen-4-one
    —— 3-Aminooxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-6-phenoxy-5-phenylperoxychromen-4-one —— C27H19NO9
    3-Aminooxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-6-phenoxy-5-phenylperoxychromen-4-one
    —— 4-[(1R,5R,13R)-13-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-9-hydroxy-18-nitro-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15(20),16,18-hexaen-5-yl]benzene-1,2-diol —— C30H23NO10
    4-[(1R,5R,13R)-13-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-9-hydroxy-18-nitro-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2(11),3(8),9,15(20),16,18-hexaen-5-yl]benzene-1,2-diol
    —— [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxymethyl-methylphosphinic acid —— C17H15O7P
    [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxymethyl-methylphosphinic acid
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]peroxychromen-4-one —— C21H20O12
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]peroxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-3,8-dimethoxy-7-(3-methylbut-3-enoxy)chromen-4-one —— C23H22O8
    2-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-3,8-dimethoxy-7-(3-methylbut-3-enoxy)chromen-4-one
    —— 4-chloro-3-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfamoyl]-N-[(Z)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzamide —— C28H21Cl2N3O4S
    4-chloro-3-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfamoyl]-N-[(Z)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzamide
    —— [7-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-5-yl] nitrite —— C17H13NO8
    [7-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-5-yl] nitrite
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-5-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C23H24O12
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-5-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 8-[[Hydroxy-(1-methylpyrazol-3-yl)methyl]amino]-2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]chromen-4-one —— C21H16F3N3O3
    8-[[Hydroxy-(1-methylpyrazol-3-yl)methyl]amino]-2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— N-[(E)-(6-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1]benzothiolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine —— C26H24N4OS
    N-[(E)-(6-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1]benzothiolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine
    —— N-(3-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)benzamide —— C23H17NO4
    N-(3-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)benzamide