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黄酮类化合物

黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

生物来源

黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

稳定性与光敏性

大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。

生理活性与药用价值

黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:

  • 抗氧化作用:可有效清除体内自由基,保护细胞免受损伤。
  • 抗炎效应:有助于减轻炎症反应,缓解症状。
  • 心血管保护:可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
  • 抗癌潜力:研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
应用领域 食品工业

作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

化妆品行业

利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

药物开发

由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— (2S,4R)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol —— C15H13ClO2
(2S,4R)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol
—— N-[(E)-[(2S)-6-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1]benzothiolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine —— C26H24N4OS
N-[(E)-[(2S)-6-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1]benzothiolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine
—— 11-(4-methylphenyl)-9-(3-nitrophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C25H19N5O3
11-(4-methylphenyl)-9-(3-nitrophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
—— N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine —— C25H21N3O2S
N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine
—— N-[(E)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine —— C26H23N3O3S
N-[(E)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine
—— 2-methyl-N-[(Z)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]propan-2-amine —— C19H22N2O
2-methyl-N-[(Z)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]propan-2-amine
—— (2E)-2-cyano-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]-N-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)acetamide —— C25H24N2O4
(2E)-2-cyano-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]-N-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)acetamide
—— N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine —— C25H22N4O2
N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine
—— N-[(E)-[6-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine —— C25H20ClN3O3S
N-[(E)-[6-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine
—— N-[(E)-[6-chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine —— C24H18ClN3O2S
N-[(E)-[6-chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine
—— (E)-N-methoxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-imine —— C16H15NO2
(E)-N-methoxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-imine
—— 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-[(2R)-2-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]chromene-8-carboxamide —— C30H31N3O3
3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-[(2R)-2-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]chromene-8-carboxamide
—— (6aR,12aR)-10-methoxy-7,12a-dihydro-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-6a-ol —— C17H16O4
(6aR,12aR)-10-methoxy-7,12a-dihydro-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-6a-ol
—— (6aR,12aS)-10-methoxy-7,12a-dihydro-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-6a-ol —— C17H16O4
(6aR,12aS)-10-methoxy-7,12a-dihydro-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-6a-ol
—— (6aR,12aS)-6a,10-dimethoxy-7,12a-dihydro-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromene —— C18H18O4
(6aR,12aS)-6a,10-dimethoxy-7,12a-dihydro-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromene
—— 2,4-dinitro-N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]aniline —— C21H16N4O5
2,4-dinitro-N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]aniline
—— ethyl (8S)-6-methyl-8-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-h]chromene-7-carboxylate —— C23H24O8
ethyl (8S)-6-methyl-8-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-h]chromene-7-carboxylate
—— (2R)-5-methoxy-7,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C18H18O3
(2R)-5-methoxy-7,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
—— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
—— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
—— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
—— 7-[(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C22H14Cl2O4
7-[(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
—— (3S)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)naphtho[2,3-f]chromene —— C30H21FO2
(3S)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)naphtho[2,3-f]chromene
—— N-[(E)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine —— C26H23N3O3S
N-[(E)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine
—— (9R,11S)-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C27H23FN4O4
(9R,11S)-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9R,11S)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-9-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C26H21FN4O2
(9R,11S)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-9-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11S)-9-(2-methylphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C26H22N4O
(9S,11S)-9-(2-methylphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11S)-4-chloro-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C22H14Cl2N4OS
(9S,11S)-4-chloro-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11S)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C25H18ClFN4O2
(9S,11S)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11S)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C25H19ClN4O2
(9S,11S)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
—— (9S,11R)-9-(4-ethylphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C26H21FN4O
(9S,11R)-9-(4-ethylphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9R,11S)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C26H21FN4O3
(9R,11S)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11S)-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C27H23FN4O4
(9S,11S)-9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11S)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C24H15ClF2N4O
(9S,11S)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11R)-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C24H16ClFN4O
(9S,11R)-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11S)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C26H22N4O2
(9S,11S)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— methyl 4-[(9S,11R)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate —— C27H21FN4O4
methyl 4-[(9S,11R)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate
—— (9R,11R)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C24H16F2N4O
(9R,11R)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9R,11R)-4-chloro-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C22H14Cl2N4OS
(9R,11R)-4-chloro-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11S)-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C25H18ClFN4O2
(9S,11S)-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9R,11R)-9-(2-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C25H18F2N4O2
(9R,11R)-9-(2-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11S)-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C24H16Cl2N4O
(9S,11S)-9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11S)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C25H19FN4O2
(9S,11S)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9R,11S)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C25H19ClN4OS
(9R,11S)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— (9S,11R)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C25H18ClFN4O2
(9S,11R)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— methyl 4-[(9S,11S)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate —— C26H19ClN4O3
methyl 4-[(9S,11S)-11-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate
—— (9S,11R)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C24H16F2N4O
(9S,11R)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
—— methyl 4-[(9S,11S)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate —— C24H18N4O3S
methyl 4-[(9S,11S)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate
—— (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-hydroxy-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one —— C21H22O9
(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-hydroxy-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one
—— (E)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one —— C21H21NO10
(E)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one