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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5,6-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-7-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C21H20O10
    5,6-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-7-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O16
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— [(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-diacetyloxy-6-[[(2R)-5-acetyloxy-2-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-2-[(Z)-4-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enyl]oxan-3-yl] acetate —— C42H40O17
    [(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-diacetyloxy-6-[[(2R)-5-acetyloxy-2-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-2-[(Z)-4-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enyl]oxan-3-yl] acetate
    —— (2S)-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one;hydrate —— C27H34O15
    (2S)-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one;hydrate
    —— 8-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one —— C21H20O10
    8-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C28H34O15
    (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C41H45O22+
    [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-8-[(3~{R},4~{R})-1-methyl-3-oxidanyl-piperidin-4-yl]-5,7-bis(oxidanyl)chromen-4-one —— C21H20ClNO5
    2-(2-chlorophenyl)-8-[(3~{R},4~{R})-1-methyl-3-oxidanyl-piperidin-4-yl]-5,7-bis(oxidanyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 1-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,5,7-trihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-yl]propyl hydrogen sulfate —— C30H38O20S
    1-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,5,7-trihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-yl]propyl hydrogen sulfate
    —— (E)-3-[(4S)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-chromen-3-yl]-1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one —— C34H30O5
    (E)-3-[(4S)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-chromen-3-yl]-1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one
    —— (9S,11S)-9-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C24H20N4O2S
    (9S,11S)-9-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
    —— (9S,11S)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene —— C23H18N4O2S
    (9S,11S)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene
    —— (1aR,7S,7aR)-1,1-dichloro-7-(4-methylphenyl)-1a-phenyl-7,7a-dihydrocyclopropa[b]chromene —— C23H18Cl2O
    (1aR,7S,7aR)-1,1-dichloro-7-(4-methylphenyl)-1a-phenyl-7,7a-dihydrocyclopropa[b]chromene
    —— (1aS,7R,7aS)-1,1-dichloro-1a-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-7,7a-dihydrocyclopropa[b]chromene —— C24H20Cl2O2
    (1aS,7R,7aS)-1,1-dichloro-1a-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-7,7a-dihydrocyclopropa[b]chromene
    —— (2S,2'R,6R)-2-bromo-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-prop-2-enylsulfanylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol —— C23H27BrN2O2S
    (2S,2'R,6R)-2-bromo-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-prop-2-enylsulfanylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol
    —— (2R,4R)-4-(4-methylphenyl)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C22H20O
    (2R,4R)-4-(4-methylphenyl)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-8-(γ,γ-dimethylallyl)flavanone diacetate —— C24H24O6
    5,7-dihydroxy-8-(γ,γ-dimethylallyl)flavanone diacetate
    —— (2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-(5,8-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate —— C21H17O11-
    (2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-(5,8-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate
    —— 3-fluoro-N-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]benzamide —— C23H16FNO3
    3-fluoro-N-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]benzamide
    —— 3-fluoro-N-[2-(3-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]benzamide —— C23H16FNO3
    3-fluoro-N-[2-(3-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]benzamide
    —— (2S)-N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxolane-2-carboxamide —— C20H16ClNO4
    (2S)-N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxolane-2-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxolane-2-carboxamide —— C24H25NO4
    (2S)-N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxolane-2-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-N-[2-(3-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxolane-2-carboxamide —— C21H19NO4
    (2S)-N-[2-(3-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxolane-2-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxolane-2-carboxamide —— C20H16FNO4
    (2R)-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxolane-2-carboxamide
    —— 2,3-dimethoxy-6-[(3R)-1-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzo[f]chromen-3-yl]benzoic acid —— C22H18O6
    2,3-dimethoxy-6-[(3R)-1-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzo[f]chromen-3-yl]benzoic acid
    —— 2,3-dimethoxy-6-[(3R)-1-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzo[f]chromen-3-yl]benzoate —— C22H17O6-
    2,3-dimethoxy-6-[(3R)-1-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzo[f]chromen-3-yl]benzoate
    —— 3-(3-methoxy-1,2-oxazol-5-yl)-N-[2-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]propanamide —— C23H20N2O5
    3-(3-methoxy-1,2-oxazol-5-yl)-N-[2-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]propanamide
    —— 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[4-oxo-2-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)chromen-6-yl]acetamide —— C27H25NO4
    2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[4-oxo-2-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)chromen-6-yl]acetamide
    —— (2S)-2-chloro-N-[2-(3-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]propanamide —— C19H16ClNO3
    (2S)-2-chloro-N-[2-(3-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]propanamide
    —— (2R)-2-chloro-N-[4-oxo-2-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)chromen-6-yl]propanamide —— C21H20ClNO3
    (2R)-2-chloro-N-[4-oxo-2-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)chromen-6-yl]propanamide
    —— (1aS,7R,7aS)-1,1-dichloro-7-(4-fluorophenyl)-1a-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7,7a-dihydrocyclopropa[b]chromene —— C23H17Cl2FO2
    (1aS,7R,7aS)-1,1-dichloro-7-(4-fluorophenyl)-1a-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7,7a-dihydrocyclopropa[b]chromene
    —— N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-phenylacetamide —— C25H21NO5
    N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-phenylacetamide
    —— N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-3-methylbenzamide —— C23H16ClNO3
    N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-3-methylbenzamide
    —— 7-methoxy-N-[4-oxo-2-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)chromen-6-yl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C28H23NO5
    7-methoxy-N-[4-oxo-2-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)chromen-6-yl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— 5-bromo-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C24H13BrFNO4
    5-bromo-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— 5-chloro-N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C25H16ClNO5
    5-chloro-N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— 5-bromo-N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C25H16BrNO5
    5-bromo-N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-5-chloro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C28H22ClNO4
    N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-5-chloro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-N-[(1S,2S)-2-methylcyclohexyl]chromen-4-imine —— C25H29NO3
    2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-N-[(1S,2S)-2-methylcyclohexyl]chromen-4-imine
    —— 5-chloro-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C24H13ClFNO4
    5-chloro-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-2-chloro-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-phenylacetamide —— C23H15Cl2NO3
    (2R)-2-chloro-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-phenylacetamide
    —— (2R)-2-chloro-N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-phenylacetamide —— C25H20ClNO5
    (2R)-2-chloro-N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-phenylacetamide
    —— (2S)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(2S)-5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylhex-4-enyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C25H28O6
    (2S)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(2S)-5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylhex-4-enyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (2S)-N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-chloro-2-phenylacetamide —— C27H24ClNO3
    (2S)-N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-chloro-2-phenylacetamide
    —— (2R)-2-chloro-N-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-phenylacetamide —— C23H15ClFNO3
    (2R)-2-chloro-N-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-phenylacetamide
    —— (2R)-2-chloro-N-[2-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-phenylacetamide —— C24H18ClNO3
    (2R)-2-chloro-N-[2-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-phenylacetamide
    —— (2S)-N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)propanamide —— C25H16F5NO5
    (2S)-N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)propanamide
    —— (2S)-2-[6-chloro-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)propanamide —— C27H24ClNO4
    (2S)-2-[6-chloro-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)propanamide
    —— (2R)-N-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)propanamide —— C24H13F6NO4
    (2R)-N-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)propanamide
    —— N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)acetamide —— C27H20F5NO4
    N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)acetamide