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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C30H28O12
    [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[[(2R)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C30H28O12
    [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[[(2R)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
    —— 7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
    7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxychromen-4-one
    —— [(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(2R)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-4-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C39H34O14
    [(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(2R)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-4-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— [(Z)-[(2S)-2-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-6-fluoro-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiourea —— C19H18FN3O3S
    [(Z)-[(2S)-2-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-6-fluoro-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiourea
    —— [(Z)-[(2R)-2-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-6-fluoro-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiourea —— C19H18FN3O3S
    [(Z)-[(2R)-2-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-6-fluoro-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiourea
    —— 7-Acetoxy-5-hydroxy-3,6,4'-trimethoxy-flavon 27782-53-2 C20H18O8
    7-Acetoxy-5-hydroxy-3,6,4'-trimethoxy-flavon
    —— abyssinone-IV —— C25H28O4
    abyssinone-IV
    —— ent-abyssinone II 1184961-93-0 C20H20O4
    ent-abyssinone II
    —— [(Z)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino] N-(3-chlorophenyl)carbamate —— C22H17ClN2O3
    [(Z)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino] N-(3-chlorophenyl)carbamate
    —— [(Z)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino] N-(3-chlorophenyl)carbamate —— C22H17ClN2O3
    [(Z)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino] N-(3-chlorophenyl)carbamate
    —— (2S,3E)-3-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one —— C22H15ClO2
    (2S,3E)-3-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one
    —— (1aS,7R,7aR)-1,1-dichloro-7-(4-fluorophenyl)-7a-methyl-1a-(4-methylphenyl)-7H-cyclopropa[b]chromene —— C24H19Cl2FO
    (1aS,7R,7aR)-1,1-dichloro-7-(4-fluorophenyl)-7a-methyl-1a-(4-methylphenyl)-7H-cyclopropa[b]chromene
    —— 2-[(4aS,9aS)-6-methoxyspiro[2,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthene-9,1'-cyclohexane]-4a-yl]-5-methoxyphenol —— C26H32O4
    2-[(4aS,9aS)-6-methoxyspiro[2,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthene-9,1'-cyclohexane]-4a-yl]-5-methoxyphenol
    —— 2-[(4aS,9aR)-6-methoxyspiro[2,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthene-9,1'-cyclohexane]-4a-yl]-5-methoxyphenol —— C26H32O4
    2-[(4aS,9aR)-6-methoxyspiro[2,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthene-9,1'-cyclohexane]-4a-yl]-5-methoxyphenol
    —— (6S)-6-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-6H-indeno[2,1-c]chromen-7-one —— C23H15FO2
    (6S)-6-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-6H-indeno[2,1-c]chromen-7-one
    —— 4-[(4aS,9aR)-5,6-dihydroxyspiro[2,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthene-9,1'-cyclohexane]-4a-yl]benzene-1,2,3-triol —— C24H28O6
    4-[(4aS,9aR)-5,6-dihydroxyspiro[2,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthene-9,1'-cyclohexane]-4a-yl]benzene-1,2,3-triol
    —— (3aR,4R,9bS)-2-methyl-3a-nitro-4-phenyl-4,9b-dihydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2]oxazole —— C17H16N2O4
    (3aR,4R,9bS)-2-methyl-3a-nitro-4-phenyl-4,9b-dihydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2]oxazole
    —— (3aR,4R,9bR)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-3a-nitro-4,9b-dihydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2]oxazole —— C17H15ClN2O4
    (3aR,4R,9bR)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-3a-nitro-4,9b-dihydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2]oxazole
    —— (2'R,4R)-6,6-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-prop-2-enylsulfanylspiro[1,5-dihydropyrimidine-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol —— C23H26N2O2S
    (2'R,4R)-6,6-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-prop-2-enylsulfanylspiro[1,5-dihydropyrimidine-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol
    —— (2'S,4R)-6,6-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-prop-2-enylsulfanylspiro[1,5-dihydropyrimidine-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol —— C23H26N2O2S
    (2'S,4R)-6,6-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-prop-2-enylsulfanylspiro[1,5-dihydropyrimidine-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol
    —— (5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl) (2R)-3-methyl-2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]butanoate —— C27H25NO7S
    (5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl) (2R)-3-methyl-2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]butanoate
    —— 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]propan-1-one —— C21H24O9
    3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]propan-1-one
    —— (2S)-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C19H19NO5
    (2S)-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2R)-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C19H19NO5
    (2R)-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— 2-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-8-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrano[3,2-f][1,3]benzoxazin-2-ium-10-one —— C23H20NO5+
    2-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-8-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrano[3,2-f][1,3]benzoxazin-2-ium-10-one
    —— cyclohexyl (2R)-2-(4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-6-yl)oxypropanoate —— C24H24O5
    cyclohexyl (2R)-2-(4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-6-yl)oxypropanoate
    —— (3R)-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-2-nitro-3H-benzo[f]chromene —— C19H11Cl2NO3
    (3R)-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-2-nitro-3H-benzo[f]chromene
    —— (3S)-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-2-nitro-3H-benzo[f]chromene —— C19H11Cl2NO3
    (3S)-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-2-nitro-3H-benzo[f]chromene
    —— (2R)-6-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C15H8Cl3NO3
    (2R)-6-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2R)-6-chloro-2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C15H8Cl3NO3
    (2R)-6-chloro-2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2S)-6-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C15H8Cl3NO3
    (2S)-6-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2R)-2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-6-chloro-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C19H18ClNO3
    (2R)-2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-6-chloro-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— [(2R,3S)-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-propan-2-ylazanium —— C18H20NO2+
    [(2R,3S)-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-propan-2-ylazanium
    —— [(2S,3R)-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-propan-2-ylazanium —— C18H20NO2+
    [(2S,3R)-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-propan-2-ylazanium
    —— (2S,3R)-2-phenyl-3-(propan-2-ylamino)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C18H19NO2
    (2S,3R)-2-phenyl-3-(propan-2-ylamino)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— [(2R,3R)-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-propan-2-ylazanium —— C18H20NO2+
    [(2R,3R)-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-propan-2-ylazanium
    —— (2S,3R,4'R)-4'-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C23H17ClN2O2
    (2S,3R,4'R)-4'-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2S,3S,4'S)-4'-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C24H20N2O3
    (2S,3S,4'S)-4'-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2S,3S,4'S)-4'-(4-methylphenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C24H20N2O2
    (2S,3S,4'S)-4'-(4-methylphenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2R,3R,4'R)-4'-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C24H18N2O4
    (2R,3R,4'R)-4'-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2S,3R,4'R)-4'-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C24H18N2O4
    (2S,3R,4'R)-4'-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2S,3S,4'S)-4'-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C24H20N2O3
    (2S,3S,4'S)-4'-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2R,3S,4'R)-4'-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C24H18N2O4
    (2R,3S,4'R)-4'-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2R,3S,4'R)-4'-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C23H17ClN2O2
    (2R,3S,4'R)-4'-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2S,3R,4'S)-4'-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C24H20N2O3
    (2S,3R,4'S)-4'-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2S,3R,4'R)-4'-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C23H17ClN2O2
    (2S,3R,4'R)-4'-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2S,3S,4'R)-4'-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C24H18N2O4
    (2S,3S,4'R)-4'-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one
    —— (2R,3R,4'R)-4'-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one —— C23H17ClN2O2
    (2R,3R,4'R)-4'-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylspiro[2H-chromene-3,5'-3,4-dihydropyrazole]-4-one