香豆素(Coumarin)是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物,化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物,在自然界中广泛存在。
结构特征香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成,其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。
自然来源香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中,它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分,用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括:天竺葵科(如紫花苜蓿)、唇形科(如薄荷)和芸香科(如柑橘属果实)。此外,在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。
化学性质 稳定性由于其独特的结构,香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原,但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应,包括缩合、取代等。
生物活性许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性,能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。
应用领域 医药行业在制药业中,某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如,香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一;一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。
食品工业由于其独特的香气和味道,在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用,常作为香精成分使用。
其他应用此外,它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。
生产方法香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应;而近年来,通过生物转化技术,利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。
总之,香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用,在多个领域中发挥着重要作用,并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-甲基-2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-4-醇 | 2,3-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-methylbenzofuran | 56342-79-1 | C9H10O2 |
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2-溴-1-(5-溴-2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-7-基)乙酮 | 2-Bromo-1-(5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)ethanone | 690632-70-3 | C10H8Br2O2 |
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2-溴-1-(2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-5-基)乙酮 | 2-bromo-1-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethanone | 151427-19-9 | C10H9BrO2 |
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2-氯-1-(2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-4-基)乙酮 | 2-chloro-1-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-yl)ethane-1-one | 364380-03-0 | C10H9ClO2 |
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2-氨甲基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃 | (2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-yl)methanamine | 21214-11-9 | C9H11NO |
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2-亚甲基-2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-3-醇 | 2-methylene-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-ol | 1060728-88-2 | C9H8O2 |
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2-乙基-5-甲氧基-3-亚甲基-2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃 | 2-ethyl-5-methoxy-3-methylene-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran | 773880-72-1 | C12H14O2 |
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2-乙基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-2-羧酸 | 2,3-dihydro-2-ethylbenzofurancarboxylic acid | 111080-50-3 | C11H12O3 |
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2-乙基-2,3-二氢-2-苯并呋喃羧酰胺 | 2,3-Dihydro-2-ethylbenzo[b]furan-2-carboxamide | 170803-36-8 | C11H13NO2 |
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2-乙基-2,3-二氢-2-苯并呋喃甲腈 | 2-ethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid nitrile | 196512-99-9 | C11H11NO |
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2-乙基-2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃 | 2-ethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran | 14004-10-5 | C10H12O |
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2-丙-1-烯-2-基-2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃 | 2-isopropenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran | 62452-76-0 | C11H12O |
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2-[3-(4-溴苯基)-2-氧代-3H-1-苯并呋喃-5-基]丙酸 | 2-[3-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl]-propionic acid | 77143-72-7 | C17H13BrO4 |
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2-[(2R)-2-乙基-3H-1-苯并呋喃-2-基]-4,5-二氢-1H-咪唑 | Dexefaroxan | 143249-88-1 | C13H16N2O |
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2-[(2,4-二氯苯氧基)甲基]-1H-苯并咪唑 | 4-(Aminomethyl)-2,2,6,7-tetramethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-amine | 794500-87-1 | C13H20N2O |
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2-(甲硫基甲基)-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃 | 2,3-dihydro-2-((methylthio)methyl)benzofuran | 81077-71-6 | C10H12OS |
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2-(甲基氨基甲基)-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃 | Methyl-<2.3-dihydro-benzofuryl-(2)-methyl>-amin | 21130-01-8 | C10H13NO |
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2-(溴甲基)-5-氟-2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃 | 2-bromomethyl-2,3-dihydro-5-fluorobenzofuran | 37603-11-5 | C9H8BrFO |
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2-(溴甲基)-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃 | (2,3-dihydro-2-benzofuranyl)-methyl bromide | 19997-53-6 | C9H9BrO |
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2-(溴甲基)-2,3-二氢-5-甲氧基苯并呋喃 | 5-Methoxy-2-bromomethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran | 19997-52-5 | C10H11BrO2 |
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2-(溴甲基)-2,3-二氢-5-甲基苯并呋喃 | 5-Methyl-2-bromomethyl-2.3-dihydrobenzofuran | 19997-48-9 | C10H11BrO |
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2-(氯甲基)-5-(2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-5-基)-1,3,4-恶二唑 | 2-(chloromethyl)-5-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole | 1005205-55-9 | C11H9ClN2O2 |
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2-(吡啶-3-基)-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-甲腈 | 2-(pyridin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile | 851777-36-1 | C14H10N2O |
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2-(6-羟基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-3-基)乙酸乙酯 | ethyl (6-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)acetate | 652983-15-8 | C12H14O4 |
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2-(6-溴-吡啶-2-基)-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 2-(6-bromopyridin-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate | 851777-28-1 | C15H12BrNO3 |
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2-(5-羟基-4,6,7-三甲基-2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-2-基)乙酸 | (+/-)-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-2-benzofuranacetic acid | 139232-40-9 | C13H16O4 |
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2-(5-甲氧基-4,6,7-三甲基-2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-2-基)乙酸 | (+/-)-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-2-benzofuranacetic acid | 134867-65-5 | C14H18O4 |
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2-(5-溴-噻吩-2-基)-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-甲腈 | 2-(5-Bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carbonitrile | 851777-32-7 | C13H8BrNOS |
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2-(5-溴-2-呋喃)-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-甲腈 | 2-(5-Bromofuran-2-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carbonitrile | 851777-31-6 | C13H8BrNO2 |
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2-(5-乙酰氧基-4,6,7-三甲基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-2-基)乙酸 | (RS)-2-(2,3-dihydro-5-acetyloxy-4,6,7-trimethylbenzofuranyl)-acetic acid | 128232-14-4 | C15H18O5 |
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2-(2-羟乙基)-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃 | 2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-yl)-ethanol | 62590-79-8 | C10H12O2 |
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2-(2-氧代-3-苯基-3H-1-苯并呋喃-5-基)乙酸甲酯 | 2,3-Dihydro-2-oxo-3-phenyl-5-benzofuranacetic acid methyl ester | 77143-61-4 | C17H14O4 |
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2-(2-氧代-3-苯基-3H-1-苯并呋喃-5-基)乙酸 | 3-Phenyl-2(3H)-benzofuranone-5-acetic acid | 77143-67-0 | C16H12O4 |
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2-(2-氧代-3-苯基-3H-1-苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸 | 2-(2-Oxo-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-propionic acid | 77143-70-5 | C17H14O4 |
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2-(2-乙基-2,3-二氢-2-苯并呋喃基)-1H-咪唑 | KU 14R | 189224-48-4 | C13H14N2O |
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2-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-6-基)乙酸 | 2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)acetic acid | 152148-70-4 | C10H10O3 |
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2-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-6-基)乙腈 | 2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)acetonitrile | 1083168-70-0 | C10H9NO |
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2-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-6-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼戊烷 | 6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran | 445303-12-8 | C14H19BO3 |
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2-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-N-(5-甲基异噁唑-3-基)乙酰胺 | 2-(2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)-N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)acetamide | 1363166-39-5 | C14H14N2O3 |
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2-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-1-吗啉乙烷硫酮 | 2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)acetothiomorpholide | 97483-11-9 | C14H17NO2S |
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2-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-4-基)乙醇 | 2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-yl)ethanol | 199391-76-9 | C10H12O2 |
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2-(2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-5-基甲基)-1,2-噻唑-3-酮 | 2-(2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-isothiazol-3-one | 918107-67-2 | C12H11NO2S |
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2-(2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-5-基)-4-甲基-1,3-噻唑-5-羰酰氯 | 2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carbonyl chloride | 306936-09-4 | C13H10ClNO2S |
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2-(2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-5-基)-4-甲基-1,3-噻唑-5-羧酸 | 2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid | 690632-04-3 | C13H11NO3S |
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2-(2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃-5-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-羰酰氯 | 2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbonyl chloride | 306936-10-7 | C12H8ClNO2S |
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2-(2,3 -二氢-1-呋喃-5-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-羧酸 | 2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid | 368869-97-0 | C12H9NO3S |
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2-(2,2-二甲基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-7-基氧基)乙胺 | 2-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-7-yloxy)-ethylamine | 680203-71-8 | C12H17NO2 |
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2-(1-羟乙基)-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃 | 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran | 103324-01-2 | C10H12O2 |
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2,7-二甲基-2,3-二氢-1-苯并呋喃 | 2,3-dihydro-2,7-dimethylbenzofuran | 3199-41-5 | C10H12O |
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2,4-二甲基-5-氧代-2,4-二氮杂-3-硫杂-6-氧杂辛酸2,2-二甲基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-7-基酯 | Benzofuran, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-(N-(N-methyl-N-ethoxycarbonylaminothio)-N-methylcarbamoyloxy)- | 65907-27-9 | C16H22N2O5S |
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