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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (2S)-5-[(R)-chloro-(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C17H17ClO
    (2S)-5-[(R)-chloro-(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-5-[(R)-(2-bromophenyl)-chloromethyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H14BrClO
    (2S)-5-[(R)-(2-bromophenyl)-chloromethyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-5-[(R)-(2-bromophenyl)-chloromethyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H14BrClO
    (2R)-5-[(R)-(2-bromophenyl)-chloromethyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-5-[(1S)-1-chloro-4-methylpentyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H21ClO
    (2S)-5-[(1S)-1-chloro-4-methylpentyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(S)-bromo-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H14BrFO
    5-[(S)-bromo-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(1S)-1-bromooctyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H23BrO
    5-[(1S)-1-bromooctyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(S)-bromo-(3-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H15BrO
    5-[(S)-bromo-(3-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-5-[(S)-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-chloromethyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H12BrClOS
    (2R)-5-[(S)-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-chloromethyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-5-[(R)-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-chloromethyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H12BrClOS
    (2S)-5-[(R)-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-chloromethyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-2-[(S)-bromo-(5-ethylthiophen-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H15BrOS
    (2S)-2-[(S)-bromo-(5-ethylthiophen-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-2-[(R)-bromo-(5-ethylthiophen-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H15BrOS
    (2S)-2-[(R)-bromo-(5-ethylthiophen-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(R)-bromo-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H14BrFO
    5-[(R)-bromo-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-5-[(R)-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-chloromethyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C14H12BrClOS
    (2R)-5-[(R)-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-chloromethyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-2-[(S)-bromo-(5-ethylthiophen-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H15BrOS
    (2R)-2-[(S)-bromo-(5-ethylthiophen-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(R)-bromo-(3-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H15BrO
    5-[(R)-bromo-(3-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-2-[(S)-chloro-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C17H17ClO
    (2R)-2-[(S)-chloro-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-2-[(S)-chloro-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C17H17ClO
    (2S)-2-[(S)-chloro-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-2-[(R)-chloro-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C17H17ClO
    (2S)-2-[(R)-chloro-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(S)-bromo-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11BrCl2O
    5-[(S)-bromo-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-2-[(S)-bromo-(2,5-dibromophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11Br3O
    (2S)-2-[(S)-bromo-(2,5-dibromophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-2-[(R)-bromo-(2,5-dibromophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11Br3O
    (2S)-2-[(R)-bromo-(2,5-dibromophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-2-[(R)-bromo-(2,5-dibromophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11Br3O
    (2R)-2-[(R)-bromo-(2,5-dibromophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(R)-bromo-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11BrCl2O
    5-[(R)-bromo-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(R)-bromo-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11Br2FO
    5-[(R)-bromo-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-2-[(S)-bromo-(2,5-dibromophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11Br3O
    (2R)-2-[(S)-bromo-(2,5-dibromophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-5-[(1S)-1-chlorohexyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H21ClO
    (2R)-5-[(1S)-1-chlorohexyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(S)-bromo-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11Br2FO
    5-[(S)-bromo-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-5-[(1R)-1-chlorohexyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H21ClO
    (2R)-5-[(1R)-1-chlorohexyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-5-[(1R)-1-chlorohexyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H21ClO
    (2S)-5-[(1R)-1-chlorohexyl]-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(S)-bromo-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C17H17BrO
    5-[(S)-bromo-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(R)-bromo-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11BrClFO
    5-[(R)-bromo-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(S)-bromo-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11BrClFO
    5-[(S)-bromo-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(R)-bromo-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C17H17BrO
    5-[(R)-bromo-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(1R)-1-bromo-3,3-dimethylbutyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C16H23BrO
    5-[(1R)-1-bromo-3,3-dimethylbutyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(1S)-1-bromo-3,3-dimethylbutyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C16H23BrO
    5-[(1S)-1-bromo-3,3-dimethylbutyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(R)-bromo(cyclobutyl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C15H19BrO
    5-[(R)-bromo(cyclobutyl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(1S)-1-bromo-4-methylpentyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C16H23BrO
    5-[(1S)-1-bromo-4-methylpentyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(1R)-1-bromo-4-methylpentyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C16H23BrO
    5-[(1R)-1-bromo-4-methylpentyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-2-[(R)-bromo-(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H15BrO
    (2R)-2-[(R)-bromo-(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(S)-chloro(cyclobutyl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C15H19ClO
    5-[(S)-chloro(cyclobutyl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(S)-bromo-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H14BrFO
    5-[(S)-bromo-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(1R)-1-bromohexyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C16H23BrO
    5-[(1R)-1-bromohexyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(R)-bromo-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H14BrFO
    5-[(R)-bromo-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(R)-chloro-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C15H11Cl3O
    5-[(R)-chloro-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(1R)-1-chloro-4-methylpentyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C16H23ClO
    5-[(1R)-1-chloro-4-methylpentyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-2-[(S)-bromo-(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H15BrO
    (2R)-2-[(S)-bromo-(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-2-[(S)-bromo-(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C16H15BrO
    (2S)-2-[(S)-bromo-(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(1S)-1-chloro-4-methylpentyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C16H23ClO
    5-[(1S)-1-chloro-4-methylpentyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(S)-bromo(thiophen-3-yl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C15H15BrOS
    5-[(S)-bromo(thiophen-3-yl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 5-[(S)-bromo-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran —— C15H14Br2O2
    5-[(S)-bromo-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran