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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 3-(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-cyanopropyl]-1-ethylurea —— C15H18ClN3O2
    3-(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-cyanopropyl]-1-ethylurea
    —— (3R)-N-(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide —— C18H24ClN3O2
    (3R)-N-(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (3S)-N-(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide —— C18H24ClN3O2
    (3S)-N-(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide
    —— 3-(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-1-[(2S)-2-cyanopropyl]-1-ethylurea —— C15H18ClN3O2
    3-(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-1-[(2S)-2-cyanopropyl]-1-ethylurea
    —— (3R)-N-pyrazin-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide —— C13H11N3O2
    (3R)-N-pyrazin-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide
    —— (3S)-N-pyrazin-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide —— C13H11N3O2
    (3S)-N-pyrazin-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-carboxamide
    —— (3S)-1-[(5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide —— C14H17BrN2O2
    (3S)-1-[(5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide
    —— N-[(5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-N-methyl-1-[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methanamine —— C15H20BrNO2
    N-[(5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-N-methyl-1-[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]methanamine
    —— N-[(5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-N-methyl-1-[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methanamine —— C15H20BrNO2
    N-[(5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-N-methyl-1-[(3R)-oxolan-3-yl]methanamine
    —— (3R)-1-[(5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide —— C14H17BrN2O2
    (3R)-1-[(5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide
    —— 1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(2R,4R)-2-phenyloxan-4-yl]urea —— C20H22N2O3
    1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(2R,4R)-2-phenyloxan-4-yl]urea
    —— 1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(2R,4S)-2-phenyloxan-4-yl]urea —— C20H22N2O3
    1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(2R,4S)-2-phenyloxan-4-yl]urea
    —— N'-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]thiomorpholine-4-carboximidamide —— C13H17N3OS
    N'-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]thiomorpholine-4-carboximidamide
    —— (3R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-3-[(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)methyl]piperidine —— C19H25N3O
    (3R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-3-[(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)methyl]piperidine
    —— (3S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-3-[(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)methyl]piperidine —— C19H25N3O
    (3S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-3-[(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)methyl]piperidine
    —— 1-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-3-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutyl]urea —— C15H21ClN2O3
    1-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-3-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutyl]urea
    —— 1-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-3-[(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutyl]urea —— C15H21ClN2O3
    1-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-3-[(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutyl]urea
    —— 3-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-1-[(2S)-2-hydroxypropyl]-1-methylurea —— C14H19ClN2O3
    3-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-1-[(2S)-2-hydroxypropyl]-1-methylurea
    —— 3-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-1-[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]-1-methylurea —— C14H19ClN2O3
    3-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-1-[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]-1-methylurea
    —— (1R)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine —— C15H18N2O2
    (1R)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine
    —— N-[(1R)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]prop-2-yn-1-amine —— C13H15NO
    N-[(1R)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]prop-2-yn-1-amine
    —— (1S)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-ethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine —— C15H19N3O2
    (1S)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-ethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine
    —— N-[(1S)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]prop-2-yn-1-amine —— C13H15NO
    N-[(1S)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]prop-2-yn-1-amine
    —— (1R)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine —— C15H18N2O2
    (1R)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine
    —— N-[(1S)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]prop-2-yn-1-amine —— C13H15NO
    N-[(1S)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]prop-2-yn-1-amine
    —— N-[(1R)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]prop-2-yn-1-amine —— C13H15NO
    N-[(1R)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]prop-2-yn-1-amine
    —— (1S)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine —— C15H18N2O2
    (1S)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine
    —— (1S)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine —— C15H18N2O2
    (1S)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine
    —— (1R)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[[3-(methoxymethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]methyl]ethanamine —— C15H19N3O3
    (1R)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[[3-(methoxymethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]methyl]ethanamine
    —— (1S)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-ethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine —— C15H19N3O2
    (1S)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-ethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine
    —— (1S)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[[3-(methoxymethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]methyl]ethanamine —— C15H19N3O3
    (1S)-1-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[[3-(methoxymethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]methyl]ethanamine
    —— (1S)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[[3-(methoxymethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]methyl]ethanamine —— C15H19N3O3
    (1S)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[[3-(methoxymethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]methyl]ethanamine
    —— (1R)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-ethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine —— C15H19N3O2
    (1R)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-N-[(5-ethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl]ethanamine
    —— (2R)-N-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]oxolane-2-carboxamide —— C14H16ClNO3
    (2R)-N-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]oxolane-2-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-N-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]oxolane-2-carboxamide —— C14H16ClNO3
    (2S)-N-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]oxolane-2-carboxamide
    —— 1-[(3R)-4,6-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-(3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)urea —— C15H16F2N4O2
    1-[(3R)-4,6-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-(3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)urea
    —— [(2R,5S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-5-methylmorpholin-2-yl]methanol —— C15H20ClNO3
    [(2R,5S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-5-methylmorpholin-2-yl]methanol
    —— 1-[(3S)-4,6-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-(3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)urea —— C15H16F2N4O2
    1-[(3S)-4,6-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-(3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)urea
    —— (2R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)morpholine —— C17H20ClN3O2
    (2R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)morpholine
    —— [(2R,5R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-5-methylmorpholin-2-yl]methanol —— C15H20ClNO3
    [(2R,5R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-5-methylmorpholin-2-yl]methanol
    —— (2S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)morpholine —— C17H20ClN3O2
    (2S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)morpholine
    —— (2R,3S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-thiazinane 1,1-dioxide —— C15H20ClNO3S
    (2R,3S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-thiazinane 1,1-dioxide
    —— [(2S,5S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-5-methylmorpholin-2-yl]methanol —— C15H20ClNO3
    [(2S,5S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-5-methylmorpholin-2-yl]methanol
    —— (2S,3S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-thiazinane 1,1-dioxide —— C15H20ClNO3S
    (2S,3S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-thiazinane 1,1-dioxide
    —— [(2S,5R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-5-methylmorpholin-2-yl]methanol —— C15H20ClNO3
    [(2S,5R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-5-methylmorpholin-2-yl]methanol
    —— (2R,3R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-thiazinane 1,1-dioxide —— C15H20ClNO3S
    (2R,3R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-thiazinane 1,1-dioxide
    —— (2S,3R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-thiazinane 1,1-dioxide —— C15H20ClNO3S
    (2S,3R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-thiazinane 1,1-dioxide
    —— (2S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)morpholine —— C16H17ClN2O2S
    (2S)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)morpholine
    —— (2R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)morpholine —— C16H17ClN2O2S
    (2R)-4-[(5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methyl]-2-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)morpholine
    —— 2-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylsulfanyl]pyridine-4-carbonitrile —— C18H18N2O2S
    2-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylsulfanyl]pyridine-4-carbonitrile