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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5-tert-Butyl-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran 86847-47-4 C14H20O
    5-tert-Butyl-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— 2,2,4,5,6-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 149467-83-4 C13H18O
    2,2,4,5,6-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— (E)-3-(2-methoxypropylidene)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 1380570-49-9 C12H14O2
    (E)-3-(2-methoxypropylidene)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— (Z)-2,3-dihydro-3-(phenylmethylene)benzofuran 333754-59-9 C15H12O
    (Z)-2,3-dihydro-3-(phenylmethylene)benzofuran
    —— ethyl 3-(4-((5-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-2-methylpropanoate 1234842-49-9 C23H27BrO4
    ethyl 3-(4-((5-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-2-methylpropanoate
    —— (R)-2-isopropenyl-4,6-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carbaldehyde 1058196-58-9 C14H16O4
    (R)-2-isopropenyl-4,6-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carbaldehyde
    —— (-)-3-phenyl-3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C14H12O2
    (-)-3-phenyl-3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— Methyl 2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-carboxylate 168649-29-4 C13H14O3
    Methyl 2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-carboxylate
    —— tert-Butyl 4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-carboxylate 955885-88-8 C14H18O5
    tert-Butyl 4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-carboxylate
    —— 3-benzyl-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6-carboxylic acid methyl ester 1104641-56-6 C18H18O3
    3-benzyl-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6-carboxylic acid methyl ester
    —— 1-(3-hydroxy-2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine 485813-71-6 C32H40N2O3
    1-(3-hydroxy-2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine
    —— 4-(4-cyanobenzoyl)-1-(2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)piperazine 485813-40-9 C32H35N3O2
    4-(4-cyanobenzoyl)-1-(2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)piperazine
    —— 2,2,7-trimethyl-6-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran 1243545-28-9 C18H20O
    2,2,7-trimethyl-6-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-3-ol 5381-18-0 C9H10O3
    7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-3-ol
    —— (R)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-3-benzofuranol 1211548-69-4 C9H10O3
    (R)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-3-benzofuranol
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-6-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran 1243543-45-4 C17H18O
    2,2-dimethyl-6-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 6-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran 140896-85-1 C10H11BrO
    6-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-carbaldehyde 919347-57-2 C15H19BO4
    6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-carbaldehyde
    —— 6,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-2-hydroxymethylbenzofuran 62717-16-2 C9H8Cl2O2
    6,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-2-hydroxymethylbenzofuran
    —— 6,7-dichloro-5-[(E)-3-methylsulfanyl-3-(prop-2-ynylamino)prop-2-enoyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid 126200-62-2 C16H13Cl2NO4S
    6,7-dichloro-5-[(E)-3-methylsulfanyl-3-(prop-2-ynylamino)prop-2-enoyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 5'-bromo-4-methoxy-5"-methyldispiro[cyclohexane-1,2'-[1]benzofuran-3',2"-imidazol]-4"-amine 1383982-99-7 C17H20BrN3O2
    5'-bromo-4-methoxy-5"-methyldispiro[cyclohexane-1,2'-[1]benzofuran-3',2"-imidazol]-4"-amine
    —— (3aS,8aR)-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3a,8a-dihydrofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran 57884-91-0 C11H10O4
    (3aS,8aR)-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3a,8a-dihydrofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran
    —— 5-chloro-benzofuran-3-one oxime 669-66-9 C8H6ClNO2
    5-chloro-benzofuran-3-one oxime
    —— 6-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-ol 1154740-97-2 C8H7ClO2
    6-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-ol
    —— 6-<i>tert</i>-butyl-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-ol 7622-93-7 C14H20O2
    6-<i>tert</i>-butyl-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-ol
    —— 2-(2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)hydrazine-1-sulfonic acid 88150-90-7 C10H14N2O4S
    2-(2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)hydrazine-1-sulfonic acid
    —— (+/-)-2,4,6,7-tetramethyl-5-nitrodihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid 784163-71-9 C13H15NO5
    (+/-)-2,4,6,7-tetramethyl-5-nitrodihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 4,6,7-Trichloro-2-(1,3-thiazol-2-ylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol 354552-52-6 C11H7Cl3N2O2S
    4,6,7-Trichloro-2-(1,3-thiazol-2-ylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol
    —— all-rac-5-hydroxy-2,4,6,7-tetramethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid 87207-96-3 C13H16O4
    all-rac-5-hydroxy-2,4,6,7-tetramethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine 1228550-11-5 C8H8ClNO
    5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— 3-azido-5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran 1243205-05-1 C8H6ClN3O
    3-azido-5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 2,3-dihydro-7-iodo-2-pentylbenzofuran 156632-74-5 C13H17IO
    2,3-dihydro-7-iodo-2-pentylbenzofuran
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-5-amino-7-(3-dimethyl-amino-propoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran 1089187-30-3 C15H24N2O2
    2,2-dimethyl-5-amino-7-(3-dimethyl-amino-propoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-5-nitro-7-(3-dimethylamino-propoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran 1089187-65-4 C15H22N2O4
    2,2-dimethyl-5-nitro-7-(3-dimethylamino-propoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— 5-bromo-2-ethyl-3,3,4,7-tetramethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 92617-78-2 C14H19BrO
    5-bromo-2-ethyl-3,3,4,7-tetramethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 5-bromo-2-(1-bromoethyl)-3,3,4,7-tetramethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran 92617-66-8 C14H18Br2O
    5-bromo-2-(1-bromoethyl)-3,3,4,7-tetramethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— 5-bromo-2,3,3,4,7-pentamethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzofuran 82391-04-6 C13H17BrO
    5-bromo-2,3,3,4,7-pentamethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzofuran
    —— 6,8-dimethoxy-1-((4-methoxybenzyl)oxy)-3a-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,3a-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran-2-one 1357016-41-1 C28H26O7
    6,8-dimethoxy-1-((4-methoxybenzyl)oxy)-3a-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,3a-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran-2-one
    —— 3-(2-morpholino-ethyl)-3-phenyl-3<i>H</i>-benzofuran-2-one 95696-17-6 C20H21NO3
    3-(2-morpholino-ethyl)-3-phenyl-3<i>H</i>-benzofuran-2-one
    —— Benzofuran-3(2H)-ylidenehydrazine —— C8H8N2O
    Benzofuran-3(2H)-ylidenehydrazine
    —— 4-(2-chloro-phenylamino)-2-(2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester 861708-32-9 C20H17ClN2O3S
    4-(2-chloro-phenylamino)-2-(2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
    —— 2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy)thiazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester 861708-72-7 C15H12F3NO6S2
    2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy)thiazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
    —— 2-[(3R)-2-ethoxy-6-methoxy-4-phenylmethoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]acetonitrile 193018-51-8 C20H21NO4
    2-[(3R)-2-ethoxy-6-methoxy-4-phenylmethoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]acetonitrile
    —— 2-[(3R)-2-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]acetonitrile 1026794-74-0 C13H15NO4
    2-[(3R)-2-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]acetonitrile
    —— 2-[(3R)-2-ethoxy-6-methoxy-4-phenylmethoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethanol 1026080-54-5 C20H24O5
    2-[(3R)-2-ethoxy-6-methoxy-4-phenylmethoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethanol
    —— (+/-)-N-[2-(aminomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]-N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)amine 852115-00-5 C15H14Cl2N2O
    (+/-)-N-[2-(aminomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]-N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)amine
    —— 4-carboxy-2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-6-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one 756836-44-9 C20H15ClN2O4
    4-carboxy-2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-6-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one
    —— 2-(7-Fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole 93854-86-5 C11H11FN2O
    2-(7-Fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
    —— 5-bromo-7-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-4-trifluoromethyl-[1,3] dioxolan-4-yl)-1,1-dimethylethyl]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 727376-25-2 C18H22BrF3O3
    5-bromo-7-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-4-trifluoromethyl-[1,3] dioxolan-4-yl)-1,1-dimethylethyl]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 4-methyl-4-(5-methylsulfanyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-2-trifluoromethylpentane-1,2-diol 727376-29-6 C16H21F3O3S
    4-methyl-4-(5-methylsulfanyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-2-trifluoromethylpentane-1,2-diol