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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5-fluoro-N-(2-octyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)-4-(pyridin-3-yl)thiazol-2-amine 1088697-46-4 C24H28FN3OS
    5-fluoro-N-(2-octyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)-4-(pyridin-3-yl)thiazol-2-amine
    —— 2-propyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate 1258851-22-7 C12H13F3O4S
    2-propyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate
    —— ethyl (1r,4r)-4-(((1-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethyl)(4-(2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)methyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate hydrochloride 1443021-70-2 C34H44N2O7*ClH
    ethyl (1r,4r)-4-(((1-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethyl)(4-(2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)methyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate hydrochloride
    —— 5,8-Dimethyl-1,4-benzodioxan-2-carbonsaeure-amid 1081-13-6 C11H13NO3
    5,8-Dimethyl-1,4-benzodioxan-2-carbonsaeure-amid
    —— 5-ethoxy-2,2-bis(4-nitrophenoxy)benzofuran-3(2H)-one 1632055-77-6 C22H16N2O9
    5-ethoxy-2,2-bis(4-nitrophenoxy)benzofuran-3(2H)-one
    —— 1253-27-6 C26H24O4
    —— 5-iodo-2-iodomethyl-7-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran 64662-66-4 C10H10I2O
    5-iodo-2-iodomethyl-7-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl N-(2-chlorophenylsulfamoylcarbamoyl) N-methylcarbamate 129043-22-7 C19H20ClN3O6S
    2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl N-(2-chlorophenylsulfamoylcarbamoyl) N-methylcarbamate
    —— methyl 4-[[4-[2-[1-(5-propylpyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridin-1-yl]sulfonyl]butanoate 1346529-23-4 C30H40N4O5S
    methyl 4-[[4-[2-[1-(5-propylpyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridin-1-yl]sulfonyl]butanoate
    —— cis-u. trans-(+/-)-4-Hydroxy-7.8-dibenzyloxy-3α-epoxy-3-<3.4-dibenzyloxy-benzyl>-duoman 1964-00-7 C44H38O7
    cis-u. trans-(+/-)-4-Hydroxy-7.8-dibenzyloxy-3α-epoxy-3-<3.4-dibenzyloxy-benzyl>-duoman
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl N-(isopropylsulfamoylcarbamoyl) N-methylcarbamate 129043-18-1 C16H23N3O6S
    2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl N-(isopropylsulfamoylcarbamoyl) N-methylcarbamate
    —— ((3S)-7-bromo-5-chloro-6-((2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)acetic acid 1452477-74-5 C17H12BrCl3O4
    ((3S)-7-bromo-5-chloro-6-((2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)acetic acid
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-3,3-dimethylbenzofuran-5-carboxylic acid amide 75097-99-3 C11H13NO2
    2,3-Dihydro-3,3-dimethylbenzofuran-5-carboxylic acid amide
    —— ethyl 2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylate 1244035-55-9 C12H14O3
    ethyl 2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— 3a,8b-dihydro-3a,6,8b-trimethyl-3H-cyclopenta<b>benzofuran 63023-36-9 C14H16O
    3a,8b-dihydro-3a,6,8b-trimethyl-3H-cyclopenta<b>benzofuran
    —— 7-tert-Butyl-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2,5-benzofurandiol 51956-60-6 C14H20O3
    7-tert-Butyl-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2,5-benzofurandiol
    —— 5-((1S,5S)-2-methylene-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohexyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 1447730-82-6 C18H22O
    5-((1S,5S)-2-methylene-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohexyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 8-(N-propionyl-N-n-propylamino)-8,9-dihydro-2H-pyrano-(3,2-e)-indol-1,2-dione 136906-15-5 C17H20N2O4
    8-(N-propionyl-N-n-propylamino)-8,9-dihydro-2H-pyrano-(3,2-e)-indol-1,2-dione
    —— 11-Aethoxycarbonyl-3,5a,7,9-tetramethyl-benzofuro<2,3-b>benzofuran 1569-30-8 C21H22O4
    11-Aethoxycarbonyl-3,5a,7,9-tetramethyl-benzofuro<2,3-b>benzofuran
    —— 8-(methoxymethoxy)-3a,8b-dihydro-1H-furo[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-2-one 121980-55-0 C12H12O5
    8-(methoxymethoxy)-3a,8b-dihydro-1H-furo[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-2-one
    —— 3-Morpholino-2,2-dimethyl-5,7-di-tert.-butyl-benzdioxin-(1,4) 3639-98-3 C22H35NO3
    3-Morpholino-2,2-dimethyl-5,7-di-tert.-butyl-benzdioxin-(1,4)
    —— 5-methoxy-4-(1-phenylvinyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 1582778-88-8 C17H16O2
    5-methoxy-4-(1-phenylvinyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 5-{[(3S)-1-(cyclopropylcarbonyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl]methyl}-4-[4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one 1332331-99-3 C25H25FN4O3
    5-{[(3S)-1-(cyclopropylcarbonyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl]methyl}-4-[4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one
    —— pyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylic acid 4-[(2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-amide] 6-[(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl)-amide] 691001-99-7 C20H20N6O3
    pyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylic acid 4-[(2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-amide] 6-[(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl)-amide]
    —— 3-bromo-6-chloro-3-nitro-2-trichloromethylchroman-4-ol 1283597-80-7 C10H6BrCl4NO4
    3-bromo-6-chloro-3-nitro-2-trichloromethylchroman-4-ol
    —— ethyl (E)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-5-(o-fluorobenzoyl)-6-hydroxybenzofuran-2-carboxylate O-acetyloxime 90246-99-4 C20H17ClFNO6
    ethyl (E)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-5-(o-fluorobenzoyl)-6-hydroxybenzofuran-2-carboxylate O-acetyloxime
    —— Acetic acid (6aR,11aR)-10-acetoxy-3,9-dimethoxy-6a,11a-dihydro-6H-benzo[4,5]furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-yl ester 83013-73-4 C21H20O8
    Acetic acid (6aR,11aR)-10-acetoxy-3,9-dimethoxy-6a,11a-dihydro-6H-benzo[4,5]furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-yl ester
    —— 4-methoxy-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6-ol 35616-63-8 C10H12O3
    4-methoxy-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— 1-Methyl-4-methoxy-9-hydroxyimino-10-oxo-10a-<2-dimethyl-aminoethyl>-5a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-benzo<b>cyclohepta<d>furan 15357-84-3 C19H26N2O4
    1-Methyl-4-methoxy-9-hydroxyimino-10-oxo-10a-<2-dimethyl-aminoethyl>-5a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-benzo<b>cyclohepta<d>furan
    —— 32292-91-4 C16H13ClO2
    —— 1284257-26-6 C22H25ClO2
    —— 2,3,3a,8b-Tetrahydro-3a-piperidino-1H-cyclopenta<b>benzofuran-7-ol 5607-67-0 C16H21NO2
    2,3,3a,8b-Tetrahydro-3a-piperidino-1H-cyclopenta<b>benzofuran-7-ol
    —— 2-(4-(5-bromo-4-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-5-propylpyrimidine 1602574-57-1 C20H23BrFN3O
    2-(4-(5-bromo-4-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-5-propylpyrimidine
    —— 2-<N-(5-Chlor-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-3-yl)-aminomethyl>-4-methyl-1,3-benzodioxol 3247-54-9 C17H16ClNO3
    2-<N-(5-Chlor-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-3-yl)-aminomethyl>-4-methyl-1,3-benzodioxol
    —— 2,3-Dimorpholino-chroman(trans) 36054-71-4 C17H24N2O3
    2,3-Dimorpholino-chroman(trans)
    —— ethyl (E)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-6-hydroxy-5-isovaleroylbenzofuran-2-carboxylate oxime 90246-97-2 C16H20ClNO5
    ethyl (E)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-6-hydroxy-5-isovaleroylbenzofuran-2-carboxylate oxime
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl N-(allylsulfamoylcarbamoyl) N-methylcarbamate 129043-20-5 C16H21N3O6S
    2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl N-(allylsulfamoylcarbamoyl) N-methylcarbamate
    —— 5,6-difluoro-3-iodomethyl-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 1333120-12-9 C10H9F2IO
    5,6-difluoro-3-iodomethyl-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 6-Ethyl-cumaran-3-on-semicarbazon 3132-30-7 C11H13N3O2
    6-Ethyl-cumaran-3-on-semicarbazon
    —— 2-Jodmethyl-5,7-diiodbenzo<b>2,3-dihydrofuran 64662-64-2 C9H7I3O
    2-Jodmethyl-5,7-diiodbenzo<b>2,3-dihydrofuran
    —— 1-((6S,11S,12R)-8,9-dimethoxy-11,12-dihydro-6H-6,12-methanodibenzo[b,f]oxocin-11-yl)heptan-1-one 1447951-78-1 C25H30O4
    1-((6S,11S,12R)-8,9-dimethoxy-11,12-dihydro-6H-6,12-methanodibenzo[b,f]oxocin-11-yl)heptan-1-one
    —— trans-N-Cyclopropyl-3-brom-5-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzoxepin-5-carbonsaeureamid 10269-12-2 C20H20BrNO2
    trans-N-Cyclopropyl-3-brom-5-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzoxepin-5-carbonsaeureamid
    —— 2,2-Dimethyl-3-methoxycumaran 100058-54-6 C11H14O2
    2,2-Dimethyl-3-methoxycumaran
    —— (+/-)-sclerone acetonide 19741-76-5 C13H14O3
    (+/-)-sclerone acetonide
    —— 2,3,3a,8a-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-4,6-dihydroxy-furo<2,3-b>benzofuran 17878-78-3 C10H8O5
    2,3,3a,8a-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-4,6-dihydroxy-furo<2,3-b>benzofuran
    —— 3-azido-N-(2,2-dimethyl-4H-benzo[d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl)propanamide 1357363-23-5 C13H16N4O3
    3-azido-N-(2,2-dimethyl-4H-benzo[d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl)propanamide
    —— rac-(3aR,4S,9R,9aS)-1-(adamantan-1-yl)-3a,4,9,9a-tetrahydro-1H-4,9-epoxynaphtho[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazole 76599-33-2 C20H23N3O
    rac-(3aR,4S,9R,9aS)-1-(adamantan-1-yl)-3a,4,9,9a-tetrahydro-1H-4,9-epoxynaphtho[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazole
    —— 3-(6-methyl-4H-chromen-3-yl)-5-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole 1514898-82-8 C17H19N3O2
    3-(6-methyl-4H-chromen-3-yl)-5-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole
    —— ethyl (1r,4r)-4-(((1-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethyl)(4-(2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)methyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate 1443021-36-0 C34H44N2O7
    ethyl (1r,4r)-4-(((1-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethyl)(4-(2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)methyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate
    —— 8-Methoxy-5-nitro-3-chromanyl acetate 106492-66-4 C12H13NO6
    8-Methoxy-5-nitro-3-chromanyl acetate