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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— [(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methanamine —— C12H17NO2
    [(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methanamine
    —— [(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylazanium —— C12H18NO2+
    [(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylazanium
    —— [(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methylazanium —— C9H12NO+
    [(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methylazanium
    —— [(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methylazanium —— C9H12NO+
    [(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methylazanium
    —— [(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine —— C9H11NO
    [(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine
    —— [(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylazanium —— C11H16NO2+
    [(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylazanium
    —— [(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylazanium —— C11H16NO2+
    [(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylazanium
    —— (2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-6-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C10H11NO4
    (2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-6-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-6-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C10H11NO4
    (2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-6-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— [(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl carbamimidothioate —— C11H14N2OS
    [(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methyl carbamimidothioate
    —— (2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate —— C10H9O3-
    (2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— (2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate —— C10H9O3-
    (2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— (3aS,8bS)-3a-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-1,2,3,8b-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-7-ol —— C15H20NO3+
    (3aS,8bS)-3a-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-1,2,3,8b-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-7-ol
    —— (2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid —— C10H10O3
    (2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid
    —— (3aR,8bR)-3a-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-1,2,3,8b-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-7-ol —— C15H20NO3+
    (3aR,8bR)-3a-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-1,2,3,8b-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-7-ol
    —— (5S)-4-[hydroxy-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-1-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C24H24N2O5
    (5S)-4-[hydroxy-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-1-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— (5R)-4-[hydroxy-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-1-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C24H24N2O5
    (5R)-4-[hydroxy-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-1-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— (5R)-4-[hydroxy-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-1-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C24H24N2O5
    (5R)-4-[hydroxy-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-1-[[(2S)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl]-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— (2S)-N-[[1-(2-methoxyphenyl)cyclopentyl]methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C22H25NO3
    (2S)-N-[[1-(2-methoxyphenyl)cyclopentyl]methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-N-[(2S)-4-(4-bromophenyl)butan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C19H20BrNO2
    (2R)-N-[(2S)-4-(4-bromophenyl)butan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-2-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-N-[4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]propanamide —— C18H20N2O3S
    (2R)-2-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-N-[4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]propanamide
    —— (2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium —— C17H25N2O4+
    (2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium
    —— (2S,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine —— C17H24N2O4
    (2S,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine
    —— 1-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]pyrrolidine —— C15H20N2O3
    1-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]pyrrolidine
    —— (3R)-3-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran —— C13H17NO4
    (3R)-3-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— 1-[(3S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]pyrrolidine —— C15H20N2O3
    1-[(3S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]pyrrolidine
    —— (2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium —— C17H25N2O4+
    (2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium
    —— (3S)-3-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran —— C13H17NO4
    (3S)-3-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium —— C17H25N2O4+
    (2R,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium
    —— (2S,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine —— C17H24N2O4
    (2S,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine
    —— 1-[(3S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine —— C16H22N2O3
    1-[(3S)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine
    —— (2R,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium —— C17H25N2O4+
    (2R,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholin-4-ium
    —— (3S)-3-bromo-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran —— C11H12BrNO3
    (3S)-3-bromo-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine —— C17H24N2O4
    (2R,6R)-2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]morpholine
    —— (2R,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylic acid —— C11H12O3
    (2R,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylic acid
    —— (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylate —— C11H11O3-
    (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylate
    —— (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylic acid —— C11H12O3
    (2S,3R)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylic acid
    —— (2S,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylate —— C11H11O3-
    (2S,3S)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylate
    —— (2R)-2-methyl-N-[(8-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C21H23NO4
    (2R)-2-methyl-N-[(8-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-2-methyl-N-[(8-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C21H23NO4
    (2S)-2-methyl-N-[(8-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— N-[[(3R,8aS)-3,4,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazin-3-yl]methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-sulfonamide —— C16H22N2O4S
    N-[[(3R,8aS)-3,4,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazin-3-yl]methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-sulfonamide
    —— (3R)-N-[[4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)phenyl]methyl]-3-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carboxamide —— C22H26N2O3
    (3R)-N-[[4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)phenyl]methyl]-3-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (3S)-N-[[4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)phenyl]methyl]-3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxamide —— C21H24N2O3
    (3S)-N-[[4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)phenyl]methyl]-3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxamide
    —— 1-[(2S)-2-cyanopropyl]-3-[[4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)phenyl]methyl]-1-methylurea —— C21H23N3O2
    1-[(2S)-2-cyanopropyl]-3-[[4-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)phenyl]methyl]-1-methylurea
    —— [(2R)-3-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]-2-hydroxypropyl]-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)azanium —— C19H25N2O3+
    [(2R)-3-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-yl)oxy]-2-hydroxypropyl]-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)azanium
    —— N-[[(3S)-1-propan-2-ylpiperidin-3-yl]methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C18H26N2O2
    N-[[(3S)-1-propan-2-ylpiperidin-3-yl]methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— N-[(2R)-2-(diethylamino)-2-(furan-2-yl)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-sulfonamide —— C18H24N2O4S
    N-[(2R)-2-(diethylamino)-2-(furan-2-yl)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-sulfonamide
    —— N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-2-methylpyrazole-3-carboxamide —— C14H15N3O2
    N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-2-methylpyrazole-3-carboxamide
    —— 1-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-N-[[2-(furan-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl]methanamine —— C17H16N2O2S
    1-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-N-[[2-(furan-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl]methanamine
    —— 1-[(3-cyanophenyl)methyl]-3-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-prop-2-enylurea —— C21H21N3O2
    1-[(3-cyanophenyl)methyl]-3-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-prop-2-enylurea