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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2,4,5,7-pentamethylbenzofuran 157189-15-6 C13H18O
    2,3-dihydro-2,2,4,5,7-pentamethylbenzofuran
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2,4,5,7-pentamethylbenzofuran-6-carboxaldehyde 157189-16-7 C14H18O2
    2,3-dihydro-2,2,4,5,7-pentamethylbenzofuran-6-carboxaldehyde
    —— 7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzofuran-6-carboxaldehyde 157189-06-5 C13H15ClO2
    7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzofuran-6-carboxaldehyde
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2,4,7-tetramethylbenzofuran-5-carboxaldehyde 157189-14-5 C13H16O2
    2,3-dihydro-2,2,4,7-tetramethylbenzofuran-5-carboxaldehyde
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-5-phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 1234845-35-2 C16H16O
    2,2-dimethyl-5-phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 2,2-Dimethyl-3-morpholino-cumaran 58774-98-4 C14H19NO2
    2,2-Dimethyl-3-morpholino-cumaran
    —— 2,2-Dimethyl-3-diethylamino-cumaran 58774-92-8 C14H21NO
    2,2-Dimethyl-3-diethylamino-cumaran
    —— 1-[4,7-Dimethoxy-6-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl]-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol 54279-60-6 C26H35NO5
    1-[4,7-Dimethoxy-6-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl]-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol
    —— 1-[4,7-Dimethoxy-6-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl]-3-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-ol 54279-51-5 C27H37NO6
    1-[4,7-Dimethoxy-6-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl]-3-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-ol
    —— 5-Benzofuranmethanol, 2,3-dihydro-4,7-dimethoxy-6-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-alpha-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)- 54279-53-7 C24H33NO6
    5-Benzofuranmethanol, 2,3-dihydro-4,7-dimethoxy-6-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-alpha-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)-
    —— 4-{3-[4,7-Dimethoxy-6-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl]-3-hydroxy-propyl}-phenol 54279-52-6 C26H35NO6
    4-{3-[4,7-Dimethoxy-6-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl]-3-hydroxy-propyl}-phenol
    —— 2,2-Dimethyl-3-piperidin-cumaran 58774-96-2 C15H21NO
    2,2-Dimethyl-3-piperidin-cumaran
    —— 2,2-Dimethyl-3-dimethylamino-cumaran 58774-90-6 C12H17NO
    2,2-Dimethyl-3-dimethylamino-cumaran
    —— Pyrrolidine, 1-(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-benzofuranyl)- 58774-94-0 C14H19NO
    Pyrrolidine, 1-(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-benzofuranyl)-
    —— 4-(5-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-trifluoromethylpentanoic acid ethyl ester 887375-45-3 C17H20F4O4
    4-(5-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-trifluoromethylpentanoic acid ethyl ester
    —— 5-fluoro-7-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 282547-30-2 C8H6FNO3
    5-fluoro-7-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 2-(5-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yloxy)ethylamine 245762-40-7 C10H12FNO2
    2-(5-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yloxy)ethylamine
    —— 2-(5-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yloxy)ethyl azide 245762-39-4 C10H10FN3O2
    2-(5-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yloxy)ethyl azide
    —— 2,2,4,6,7-Pentamethyl-5-nitro-3-(pyridin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 142874-74-6 C18H20N2O3
    2,2,4,6,7-Pentamethyl-5-nitro-3-(pyridin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 2,2,4,6,7-Pentamethyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 142874-66-6 C18H21NO
    2,2,4,6,7-Pentamethyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— (3R)-7-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine 1213334-45-2 C8H8ClNO
    (3R)-7-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— 6-Methoxy-3a-8a-dihydrofuro<2,3-b>benzofuran-2(3H)-one 84097-12-1 C11H10O4
    6-Methoxy-3a-8a-dihydrofuro<2,3-b>benzofuran-2(3H)-one
    —— 4,7-dimethyl-2-(phenylthiomethyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 126707-91-3 C17H18OS
    4,7-dimethyl-2-(phenylthiomethyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 2,3-Dihydroxy-4,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-2,3-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester 342821-30-1 C14H16O7
    2,3-Dihydroxy-4,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-2,3-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester
    —— 3-hydroxy-6-silyloxy-[2,3]dihydrobenzofuran 1056942-29-0 C14H22O3Si
    3-hydroxy-6-silyloxy-[2,3]dihydrobenzofuran
    —— Ethyl 2-ethyl-3-methylene-2,3-dihydro-2-benzofurancarboxylate 137514-54-6 C14H16O3
    Ethyl 2-ethyl-3-methylene-2,3-dihydro-2-benzofurancarboxylate
    —— Ethyl 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-2-benzofurancarboxylate 137514-39-7 C13H16O4
    Ethyl 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-2-benzofurancarboxylate
    —— diethyl 1,6-diethyl-6a,9a-dihydroxy-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-2,5-dioxacyclohepta<jkl>-as-indacene-1,6-dicarboxylate 129579-41-5 C23H30O8
    diethyl 1,6-diethyl-6a,9a-dihydroxy-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-2,5-dioxacyclohepta<jkl>-as-indacene-1,6-dicarboxylate
    —— tert-butyl {2-[(5-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)amino]ethyl}carbamate 1309752-64-4 C15H21N3O5
    tert-butyl {2-[(5-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-yl)amino]ethyl}carbamate
    —— 5-Chloro-4,7-dimethyl-2-phenylsulfanylmethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran 126734-05-2 C17H17ClOS
    5-Chloro-4,7-dimethyl-2-phenylsulfanylmethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— Ethyl 3-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-2,3-dihydro-2-benzofurancarboxylate 137514-40-0 C14H18O4
    Ethyl 3-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-2,3-dihydro-2-benzofurancarboxylate
    —— diethyl 6a,9a-dihydroxy-1,6-diisopropyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-2,5-dioxacyclohepta<jkl>-as-indacene-1,6-dicarboxylate 129579-42-6 C25H34O8
    diethyl 6a,9a-dihydroxy-1,6-diisopropyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-2,5-dioxacyclohepta<jkl>-as-indacene-1,6-dicarboxylate
    —— 5-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-amine 1189580-19-5 C10H12ClNO
    5-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-amine
    —— N-(5-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-1-yl]acetamide 1189584-71-1 C20H21ClF3N3O2
    N-(5-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-1-yl]acetamide
    —— (+)-wutaialdehyde 85316-68-3 C13H16O4
    (+)-wutaialdehyde
    —— (3Z)-3-[(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,3,2lambda5-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl)methylidene]-2-ethyl-7-methoxy-2-methyl-1-benzofuran-5-carbaldehyde 1204570-77-3 C19H25O6P
    (3Z)-3-[(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,3,2lambda5-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl)methylidene]-2-ethyl-7-methoxy-2-methyl-1-benzofuran-5-carbaldehyde
    —— (3E)-3-benzylidene-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-5-carbaldehyde 1204570-83-1 C19H18O3
    (3E)-3-benzylidene-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-5-carbaldehyde
    —— (E)-3-butylidene-2-(ethoxymethoxy)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carbaldehyde 1227290-82-5 C17H22O5
    (E)-3-butylidene-2-(ethoxymethoxy)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carbaldehyde
    —— (3Z)-3-[(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,3,2lambda5-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl)methylidene]-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-5-carbaldehyde 1204570-74-0 C18H23O6P
    (3Z)-3-[(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,3,2lambda5-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl)methylidene]-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-5-carbaldehyde
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-5-benzofuranylmethyl chloride 55745-77-2 C10H11ClO
    2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-5-benzofuranylmethyl chloride
    —— 2-Nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 117266-64-5 C8H7NO3
    2-Nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— (3S)-1-(3-bromophenyl)-3-[(3S)-2-oxo-3-phenyl-1-benzofuran-3-yl]pyrrolidine-2,5-dione 1258326-16-7 C24H16BrNO4
    (3S)-1-(3-bromophenyl)-3-[(3S)-2-oxo-3-phenyl-1-benzofuran-3-yl]pyrrolidine-2,5-dione
    —— N-[2-((5aR,9aS)-1-Formyl-4-methoxy-6,9-dioxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5aH-dibenzofuran-9a-yl)-ethyl]-N-methyl-formamide 288621-32-9 C18H19NO6
    N-[2-((5aR,9aS)-1-Formyl-4-methoxy-6,9-dioxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5aH-dibenzofuran-9a-yl)-ethyl]-N-methyl-formamide
    —— (+/-)-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-2-benzofuranethanol 134867-30-4 C14H20O3
    (+/-)-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-2-benzofuranethanol
    —— (+/-)-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-2-benzofuranacetic acid methyl ester 128232-19-9 C15H20O4
    (+/-)-2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-2-benzofuranacetic acid methyl ester
    —— 6-Oxa-3-thia-2,4-diazaoctanoic acid, 2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl ester 65907-37-1 C18H26N2O5S
    6-Oxa-3-thia-2,4-diazaoctanoic acid, 2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl ester
    —— 6-Oxa-3-thia-2,4-diazaheptanoic acid, 4-ethyl-2-methyl-5-oxo-, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl ester 65907-35-9 C16H22N2O5S
    6-Oxa-3-thia-2,4-diazaheptanoic acid, 4-ethyl-2-methyl-5-oxo-, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl ester
    —— 6-Oxa-3-thia-2,4-diazaoctanoic acid, 4-ethyl-2-methyl-5-oxo-, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl ester 65907-36-0 C17H24N2O5S
    6-Oxa-3-thia-2,4-diazaoctanoic acid, 4-ethyl-2-methyl-5-oxo-, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl ester
    —— 7-[1,1-dimethyl-2-(2-trifluoromethyloxiranyl)ethyl]-5-methylsylfanyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 727375-17-9 C16H19F3O2S
    7-[1,1-dimethyl-2-(2-trifluoromethyloxiranyl)ethyl]-5-methylsylfanyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methyl-4-(5-methylsulfanyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)pentan-2-one 727375-16-8 C15H17F3O2S
    1,1,1-trifluoro-4-methyl-4-(5-methylsulfanyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)pentan-2-one