香豆素(Coumarin)是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物,化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物,在自然界中广泛存在。
结构特征香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成,其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。
自然来源香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中,它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分,用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括:天竺葵科(如紫花苜蓿)、唇形科(如薄荷)和芸香科(如柑橘属果实)。此外,在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。
化学性质 稳定性由于其独特的结构,香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原,但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应,包括缩合、取代等。
生物活性许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性,能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。
应用领域 医药行业在制药业中,某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如,香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一;一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。
食品工业由于其独特的香气和味道,在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用,常作为香精成分使用。
其他应用此外,它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。
生产方法香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应;而近年来,通过生物转化技术,利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。
总之,香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用,在多个领域中发挥着重要作用,并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 1346461-29-7 | C19H21NO2*ClH | |
| —— | (S)-3-(2-trimethylsilylethyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran | 1571984-40-1 | C13H20OSi |
| —— | 3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-4,6-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran | 820257-27-0 | C19H22O |
| —— | 75170-50-2 | C20H22MnO10 | |
| —— | 1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydro-8-hydroxy-9b-(2'-methoxyethyl)-3-oxodibenzofuran | 104706-39-0 | C15H18O4 |
| —— | (9aS)-8-acetyl-1,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-9a-methyl-9-oxo-N-(2,4,6-triethylbenzyl)-9,9a-dihydrodibenzo[b,d]furan-4-carboxamide | 925439-93-6 | C30H33NO7 |
| —— | 1-[(3R,4S)-3-hydroxy-6-nitrospiro[3,4-dihydrochromene-2,1'-cyclopentane]-4-yl]pyridin-2-one | 123595-81-3 | C18H18N2O5 |
| —— | 3-Benzofuranamine, 5-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-, hydrochloride (1:1), (3R)- | 2055848-82-1 | C8H9ClFNO |
| —— | 1-(5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-7-yl)-propan-1-one | 105208-16-0 | C12H14O2 |
| —— | 6,7-Dichloro-5-(2-methylthiocarbamoyl-acetyl)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 126200-49-5 | C17H19Cl2NO4S |
| —— | [Al(2,2'-ethylidenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenolato))I(Et2O)] | 264916-84-9 | C34H54AlIO3 |
| —— | 3-(4-((5-fluoro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)methoxy)-2,3,5-trimethylphenyl) propanoic acid | 1234844-71-3 | C23H27FO4 |
| —— | [4-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-phenyl)-7-methyl-2-oxo-chroman-4-yl]-acetic acid | 109979-78-4 | C20H20O5 |
| —— | 2-Ethyl-N-hydroxy-tert.butyl-<3>cumaranylmethylamin | 92726-42-6 | C15H23NO2 |
| —— | 5-bromo-3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-4-methyl-2,3,6,7,8,9-hexahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan | 820259-21-0 | C22H25BrO |
| —— | 2,3,5a,8,9-Pentamethyl-5a,10b-dihydro-2,3b-benzofuro-benzofuran-carbonsaeure-(10b) | 25661-48-7 | C20H20O4 |
| —— | 5-hydroxy-4-nitro-2-(2-oxoethyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan ethylene acetal | 197578-60-2 | C12H13NO6 |
| —— | pyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylic acid 4-[(2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-ylmethyl)-amide] 6-[(5-methyl-isoxazol-3-ylmethyl)-amide] | 691001-98-6 | C20H19N5O4 |
| —— | 4β-<2-(1,2-dihydro-4-methoxybenzocyclobutenyl)ethyl>-4,5-dihydro-5α-(methoxymethyl)-3-<(phenylthio)-methylene>furan-2(3H)one | 96845-53-3 | C24H26O4S |
| —— | 5-bromo-3-(3-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenyl)-4,6,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran | 820259-13-0 | C20H21BrO3 |
| —— | 2,3-Dihydro-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid [4-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-amide | 15850-46-1 | C19H16N2O3S |
| —— | 86661-40-7 | C20H17NO2 | |
| —— | ethyl (Z)-6-(tert-butyl)-2-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylidene)-4-hydroxychromane-4-carboxylate | 1380746-09-7 | C20H26O6 |
| —— | 6-<2-<N-(trifluoroacetyl)amino>propyl>-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran | 152624-00-5 | C13H14F3NO2 |
| —— | (S)-2,5-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-amine | 1609171-25-6 | C10H13NO |
| —— | 3-Benzyl-9-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[4,5]furo[3,2-e]isoquinolin-4[7AH]-one | 75611-31-3 | C23H21NO3 |
| —— | N-((3S,4S)-3-Hydroxy-chroman-4-yl)-succinamic acid methyl ester | 757247-01-1 | C14H17NO5 |
| —— | 2,3-Dihydro-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (4-phenyl-thiazol-2-yl)-amide | 15850-40-5 | C18H14N2O2S |
| —— | nigrospine | 1593827-46-3 | C18H25NO7 |
| —— | (+/-)-Brasilin-tribenzylether | 105341-90-0 | C37H32O5 |
| —— | 7-(1-Amino-4-pentylamino)-2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-benzofuran | 46886-68-4 | C15H24N2O |
| —— | 7-cyclohexylmethyl-3,3-dimethyl-5-[(1S,2S)-1,2-methano-1-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran | 623176-31-8 | C22H30O2 |
| —— | 3,3-dimethyl-7-t-butyl-5-[(1S,2S)-1,2-methano-1-methyl-3-oxo-propyl]-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran | 623176-03-4 | C19H26O2 |
| —— | 4,6,7-trimethyl-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran | 820258-99-9 | C17H18O |
| —— | 4-t-butyl-1-phenyl-1,2,8,9-tetrahydro-furo[3,2-f]quinazolin-3(4H)-one | 61090-77-5 | C20H22N2O2 |
| —— | cinnamoyl-2 carbomethoxy-3 4H-chromene | 85063-51-0 | C19H16O3 |
| —— | 3-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-3-methylbutylamine | 465529-72-0 | C13H19NO |
| —— | 2-(2,3-dihydro-benzofuranoyl-7-yl)-4-ethoxymethylene-4H-oxazol-5-one | 295341-76-3 | C14H13NO4 |
| —— | Methyl 5,7-Di-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-acetate | 2070896-45-4 | C19H28O3 |
| —— | 7-bromo-3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-4,5,6-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran | 820259-20-9 | C20H23BrO |
| —— | 2,7-Dibenzofurandiol, 5a,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-9a-(2-methoxyethyl)- | 88768-65-4 | C15H20O4 |
| —— | 1134202-74-6 | C19H18O2 | |
| —— | 2-(2-(4-((5-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)methoxy)phenyl)cyclopropyl)acetic acid | 1234844-02-0 | C22H23ClO4 |
| —— | 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl N-(methoxysulfamoylcarbamoyl) N-methylcarbamate | 129043-28-3 | C14H19N3O7S |
| —— | (7-Methoxy-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-2-ylmethyl)-(2-methyl-allyl)-amine | 62035-31-8 | C14H19NO2 |
| —— | 1-(2-(2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-1-phenylethyl)piperazine | 1238670-14-8 | C20H24N2O |
| —— | 4-[(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-thioacetyl]-morpholine | 57899-26-0 | C16H21NO2S |
| —— | 2-(2-(2-fluoro-4-((5-fluoro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)methoxy)phenyl)cyclopropyl)acetic acid | 1234844-14-4 | C22H22F2O4 |
| —— | (Z)-6-benzyloxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-one oxime O-benzyl ether | 1034926-66-3 | C22H19NO3 |
| —— | 7-Amino-6,9-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzo[de]chromen-3-ol | 764713-38-4 | C15H14F3NO2 |