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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (2S)-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C12H15NO3
    (2S)-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (2R,3R)-N-[(2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C15H21NO3
    (2R,3R)-N-[(2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— (2R,3R)-N-[(2S)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C15H21NO3
    (2R,3R)-N-[(2S)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-5-chloro-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C12H14ClNO3
    (2S)-5-chloro-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-5-chloro-N-[(2S)-2-hydroxypropyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C12H14ClNO3
    (2R)-5-chloro-N-[(2S)-2-hydroxypropyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-5-chloro-N-[(2S)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C13H16ClNO3
    (2S)-5-chloro-N-[(2S)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-N-[(2S)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C13H17NO3
    (2R)-N-[(2S)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-1-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylamino]propan-2-ol —— C15H23NO3
    (2R)-1-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylamino]propan-2-ol
    —— (2R,3R)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide —— C13H17NO3
    (2R,3R)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— (R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl-(2,5-dimethylfuran-3-yl)methanamine —— C15H17NO2
    (R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl-(2,5-dimethylfuran-3-yl)methanamine
    —— (R)-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methanamine —— C14H14BrNOS
    (R)-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methanamine
    —— (R)-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)methanamine —— C17H19NO
    (R)-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)methanamine
    —— (R)-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine —— C16H16BrNO2
    (R)-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine
    —— (S)-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine —— C16H16BrNO2
    (S)-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine
    —— (2S)-5-ethoxy-N'-hydroxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-carboximidamide —— C12H16N2O3
    (2S)-5-ethoxy-N'-hydroxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-carboximidamide
    —— (S)-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine —— C16H16BrNO2
    (S)-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine
    —— (R)-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-(5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)methanamine —— C16H16FNO2
    (R)-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-(5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)methanamine
    —— (S)-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-(5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)methanamine —— C16H16FNO2
    (S)-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-(5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)methanamine
    —— (1S,6S)-6-[(R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl(hydroxy)methyl]cyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid —— C16H18O4
    (1S,6S)-6-[(R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl(hydroxy)methyl]cyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid
    —— (5E)-5-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylidene]-3-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one —— C21H26N2O4S2
    (5E)-5-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylidene]-3-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
    —— (3S)-3-[[(1R)-1-[(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]ethyl]amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C14H19NO3
    (3S)-3-[[(1R)-1-[(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]ethyl]amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— [(2S)-7-pyridin-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine —— C14H14N2O
    [(2S)-7-pyridin-3-yl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine
    —— (2S)-2-ethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C11H13NO2
    (2S)-2-ethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (3aR,8bS)-8b-methoxy-1,3a-dihydrofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-2-one —— C11H10O4
    (3aR,8bS)-8b-methoxy-1,3a-dihydrofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-2-one
    —— (3aS,8bS)-8b-methoxy-1,3a-dihydrofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-2-one —— C11H10O4
    (3aS,8bS)-8b-methoxy-1,3a-dihydrofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-2-one
    —— (3R)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol —— C9H10O2
    (3R)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— (3R)-2,2-dimethyl-3-piperidin-1-yl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-ol —— C15H21NO2
    (3R)-2,2-dimethyl-3-piperidin-1-yl-3H-1-benzofuran-7-ol
    —— (2R)-5-ethylsulfonyl-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylic acid —— C12H14O5S
    (2R)-5-ethylsulfonyl-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylic acid
    —— (2R)-6,7-dimethyl-5-sulfamoyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid —— C11H13NO5S
    (2R)-6,7-dimethyl-5-sulfamoyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid
    —— [(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]hydrazine —— C9H12N2O
    [(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]hydrazine
    —— (2R)-4-chloro-2,5-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-amine —— C10H12ClNO
    (2R)-4-chloro-2,5-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-amine
    —— (2S)-2-methyl-5-(methylsulfamoyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylic acid —— C11H13NO5S
    (2S)-2-methyl-5-(methylsulfamoyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylic acid
    —— (2S)-4-chloro-2,5-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-amine —— C10H12ClNO
    (2S)-4-chloro-2,5-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-amine
    —— (2S)-2-[(3S)-2-oxo-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl]propanoic acid —— C17H14O4
    (2S)-2-[(3S)-2-oxo-3-phenyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl]propanoic acid
    —— 4-[(5E)-5-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoic acid —— C19H21NO5S2
    4-[(5E)-5-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoic acid
    —— 5-[(5E)-5-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]pentanoic acid —— C20H23NO5S2
    5-[(5E)-5-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]pentanoic acid
    —— 3-[(5E)-5-[[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]propanoic acid —— C18H19NO5S2
    3-[(5E)-5-[[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]propanoic acid
    —— (2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-6-[(Z)-2-nitroethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C12H13NO4
    (2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-6-[(Z)-2-nitroethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2S)-2-methyl-7-[(Z)-2-nitroethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran —— C11H11NO3
    (2S)-2-methyl-7-[(Z)-2-nitroethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— (2E,3R)-2-[(3-bromo-5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-ol —— C16H12BrClO3
    (2E,3R)-2-[(3-bromo-5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-3H-1-benzofuran-3-ol
    —— (Z)-3-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-2-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-yl)prop-2-enenitrile —— C21H24N4O2
    (Z)-3-[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]-2-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-yl)prop-2-enenitrile
    —— 6-[(Z)-2-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]ethenyl]-5-nitro-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione —— C15H13N3O5
    6-[(Z)-2-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]ethenyl]-5-nitro-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione
    —— 3-hydroxy-4-[(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)carbonyl]-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-1-[3-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one —— C26H30N2O6
    3-hydroxy-4-[(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)carbonyl]-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-1-[3-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one
    —— (E)-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl){2-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-1-[3-(morpholin-4-ium-4-yl)propyl]-4,5-dioxopyrrolidin-3-ylidene}methanolate —— C26H30N2O6
    (E)-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl){2-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-1-[3-(morpholin-4-ium-4-yl)propyl]-4,5-dioxopyrrolidin-3-ylidene}methanolate
    —— (2R)-5-chloro-N-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide —— C19H15ClN2O3S
    (2R)-5-chloro-N-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide
    —— (4aR,9bS)-6-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-one —— C21H20O3
    (4aR,9bS)-6-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-one
    —— (4aR,9bR)-6-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-one —— C21H20O3
    (4aR,9bR)-6-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-8,9b-dimethyl-4,4a-dihydrodibenzofuran-3-one
    —— (2R,3R)-2-morpholin-4-yl-3-pentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol —— C17H25NO3
    (2R,3R)-2-morpholin-4-yl-3-pentyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-ol
    —— (4E)-5-(furan-2-yl)-4-[hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-1-pyridin-2-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C23H18N2O5
    (4E)-5-(furan-2-yl)-4-[hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-1-pyridin-2-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— (4E)-1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-4-[hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C23H25N3O4
    (4E)-1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-4-[hydroxy-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione