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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5-(benzyloxy)-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxy-6-(3-phenoxypropyl)benzofuran 138854-58-7 C27H30O4
    5-(benzyloxy)-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxy-6-(3-phenoxypropyl)benzofuran
    —— 6-allyl-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxy-5-benzofuranol 138854-54-3 C14H18O3
    6-allyl-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxy-5-benzofuranol
    —— 2-<2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl>-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-6-(3-phenoxypropyl)-5-benzofuranol 138854-05-4 C27H29ClO3
    2-<2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl>-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-6-(3-phenoxypropyl)-5-benzofuranol
    —— 5-(benzyloxy)-6-(3-bromopropyl)-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran 138854-57-6 C21H25BrO3
    5-(benzyloxy)-6-(3-bromopropyl)-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-methoxybenzofuran
    —— 2a,7b-dihydro-2a-methyl-7b-phenyl-1,2-dioxeto<3,4-b>benzofuran 156363-82-5 C15H12O3
    2a,7b-dihydro-2a-methyl-7b-phenyl-1,2-dioxeto<3,4-b>benzofuran
    —— (3aS,8bS)-3a,8b-dihydro-3H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran 199010-78-1 C11H10O
    (3aS,8bS)-3a,8b-dihydro-3H-cyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran
    —— 2,2,3,3,4,5,6,7-Octamethyl-1-benzofuran 74725-19-2 C16H24O
    2,2,3,3,4,5,6,7-Octamethyl-1-benzofuran
    —— 2,3-Epoxy-2,3-dihydro-2,3-dimethylbenzo<b>furan 131588-87-9 C10H10O2
    2,3-Epoxy-2,3-dihydro-2,3-dimethylbenzo<b>furan
    —— (R)-(6-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl)acetic acid 1380792-93-7 C10H10O4
    (R)-(6-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl)acetic acid
    —— 2,2,3-Trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-3-benzofuranol 137556-67-3 C11H14O2
    2,2,3-Trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-3-benzofuranol
    —— 2-tert-Butyl-5-[7-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-2,5-dimethoxy-benzofuran-(3Z)-ylidene]-2,5-dihydro-furan-3,4-diol 121816-93-1 C22H30O7
    2-tert-Butyl-5-[7-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-2,5-dimethoxy-benzofuran-(3Z)-ylidene]-2,5-dihydro-furan-3,4-diol
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-5-(methylsulfonyl)-7-benzofurancarboxylic acid 150395-44-1 C12H14O5S
    2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-5-(methylsulfonyl)-7-benzofurancarboxylic acid
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-5-amino-7-(3-hydroxy-propoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran 1089187-72-3 C13H19NO3
    2,2-dimethyl-5-amino-7-(3-hydroxy-propoxy)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— 6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-4-ylboronic acid 159020-71-0 C10H12BClO3
    6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-4-ylboronic acid
    —— 2-azidomethyl-7-bromo-5-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan 883143-59-7 C9H7BrClN3O
    2-azidomethyl-7-bromo-5-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan
    —— 5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan 54410-96-7 C9H9ClO
    5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan
    —— 5-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-amine 150805-90-6 C8H8ClNO
    5-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-amine
    —— (2-azidomethyl-5-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan-7-yl)boronic acid 883143-62-2 C9H9BClN3O3
    (2-azidomethyl-5-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan-7-yl)boronic acid
    —— (-)-3a,8b-Dihydro-3,3a,6,8b-tetramethyl-1H-cyclopenta<b>benzofuran 73307-78-5 C15H18O
    (-)-3a,8b-Dihydro-3,3a,6,8b-tetramethyl-1H-cyclopenta<b>benzofuran
    —— debromoaplysin 23444-68-0 C15H20O
    debromoaplysin
    —— 2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-2-methylbenzofuran 13391-29-2 C10H12O2
    2,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-2-methylbenzofuran
    —— methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate 893638-25-0 C12H14O3
    methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— ethyl 2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carboxylate 857020-78-1 C13H16O3
    ethyl 2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-carboxylate
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid 123656-34-8 C11H12O3
    2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid
    —— 6,7-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydroxybenzofuran 194787-53-6 C10H12O3
    6,7-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydroxybenzofuran
    —— 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydroxybenzofuran 194787-55-8 C9H10O3
    7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydroxybenzofuran
    —— 1-[2-[[1-(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohexylidene)-3-methylbutyl]amino]ethyl]-3-[(2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl]thiourea 869735-86-4 C29H43N3O5S2
    1-[2-[[1-(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohexylidene)-3-methylbutyl]amino]ethyl]-3-[(2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl]thiourea
    —— N-[1-[1-(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohexylidene)-3-methylbutyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-yl]-2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-sulfonamide 869735-92-2 C29H41N3O5S
    N-[1-[1-(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohexylidene)-3-methylbutyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-yl]-2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-sulfonamide
    —— 7-(2',4'-Dimethyl-[4,5']bithiazolyl-2-ylamino)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-sulfonic acid amide 1377579-43-5 C16H16N4O3S3
    7-(2',4'-Dimethyl-[4,5']bithiazolyl-2-ylamino)-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-sulfonic acid amide
    —— methyl {(3S)-6-[{(3S)-7-[(2-amino-5-fluorophenyl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl}(trifluoroacetyl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl}acetate 1258399-30-2 C27H23F4N3O5
    methyl {(3S)-6-[{(3S)-7-[(2-amino-5-fluorophenyl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl}(trifluoroacetyl)amino]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl}acetate
    —— 1-[(2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl]-3-phenylthiourea 1028559-84-3 C20H24N2O3S2
    1-[(2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)sulfonyl]-3-phenylthiourea
    —— ethyl (2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylate 1433062-59-9 C12H14O3
    ethyl (2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— (S)-2-isopropenyl-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 190452-78-9 C12H14O
    (S)-2-isopropenyl-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— ethyl (2S)-2-methyl-7-trimethylsilyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylate 1433062-41-9 C15H22O3Si
    ethyl (2S)-2-methyl-7-trimethylsilyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— 6-allyl-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-methyl-5-benzofuranol 138854-40-7 C20H22O3
    6-allyl-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-methyl-5-benzofuranol
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-methyl-6-propyl-5-benzofuranol 139201-24-4 C20H24O3
    2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-methyl-6-propyl-5-benzofuranol
    —— 5-(allyloxy)-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-methylbenzofuran 138854-39-4 C20H22O3
    5-(allyloxy)-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-methylbenzofuran
    —— ethyl 5-bromo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-carboxylate 93670-11-2 C11H11BrO3
    ethyl 5-bromo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-carboxylate
    —— 5-bromo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-carboxylic acid 93670-10-1 C9H7BrO3
    5-bromo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-carboxylic acid
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-epoxy-4-methoxybenzofuran 150969-65-6 C11H12O3
    2,3-dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-epoxy-4-methoxybenzofuran
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2,4,6-tetramethylbenzofuran 3698-49-5 C12H16O
    2,3-dihydro-2,2,4,6-tetramethylbenzofuran
    —— 1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)pyrrolidine 1569356-41-7 C12H15NO
    1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl)pyrrolidine
    —— 3-(phenylthio)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran 1569356-48-4 C14H12OS
    3-(phenylthio)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran
    —— 3,6-Ditert-butyl-9-[3-(3,6-ditert-butylcarbazol-9-yl)-5a,10b-bis[4-(3,6-ditert-butylcarbazol-9-yl)phenyl]-[1]benzofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-8-yl]carbazole 1224836-14-9 C106H110N4O2
    3,6-Ditert-butyl-9-[3-(3,6-ditert-butylcarbazol-9-yl)-5a,10b-bis[4-(3,6-ditert-butylcarbazol-9-yl)phenyl]-[1]benzofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-8-yl]carbazole
    —— 3,6-Ditert-butyl-9-[3-(3,6-ditert-butylcarbazol-9-yl)-5a,10b-diphenyl-[1]benzofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-8-yl]carbazole 1224836-18-3 C66H64N2O2
    3,6-Ditert-butyl-9-[3-(3,6-ditert-butylcarbazol-9-yl)-5a,10b-diphenyl-[1]benzofuro[2,3-b][1]benzofuran-8-yl]carbazole
    —— 2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)acetonitrile 485828-88-4 C10H9NO
    2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)acetonitrile
    —— 4-<(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran)-3-yl>butyronitrile 119488-12-9 C12H13NO
    4-<(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran)-3-yl>butyronitrile
    —— (Z)-5-bromo-2-(4-methylbenzylidene)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-ol 1262020-41-6 C16H13BrO2
    (Z)-5-bromo-2-(4-methylbenzylidene)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-ol
    —— (Z)-2-benzylidene-5-bromo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-ol 1008105-81-4 C15H11BrO2
    (Z)-2-benzylidene-5-bromo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-ol
    —— 2,9-dibromo-5a,10b-dihydrobenzofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran 1262238-47-0 C14H8Br2O2
    2,9-dibromo-5a,10b-dihydrobenzofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran