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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (3S)-5-chloro-4-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C8H7ClFNO
    (3S)-5-chloro-4-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— [(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methanamine —— C12H17NO2
    [(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methanamine
    —— (3R)-5-chloro-4-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C9H10ClNO
    (3R)-5-chloro-4-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— [(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine —— C9H11NO
    [(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methanamine
    —— (2S)-N-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]-2-pyrazol-1-ylbutanamide —— C18H23N3O2
    (2S)-N-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]-2-pyrazol-1-ylbutanamide
    —— (2R)-N-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]-2-pyrazol-1-ylbutanamide —— C18H23N3O2
    (2R)-N-[(2,2-dimethyl-3H-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]-2-pyrazol-1-ylbutanamide
    —— [(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methanamine —— C11H15NO2
    [(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methanamine
    —— [(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methanamine —— C11H15NO2
    [(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methanamine
    —— (2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid —— C10H10O3
    (2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid
    —— (3aS,8bR)-3a-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-1,2,3,8b-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-7-ol —— C15H20NO3+
    (3aS,8bR)-3a-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-1,2,3,8b-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b][1]benzofuran-7-ol
    —— 1-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]pyrrolidin-1-ium —— C15H21N2O3+
    1-[(3R)-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-3-yl]pyrrolidin-1-ium
    —— (3R)-3-bromo-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran —— C11H12BrNO3
    (3R)-3-bromo-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran
    —— (2R)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide —— C19H24N4O2
    (2R)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide —— C19H24N4O2
    (2S)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide —— C19H24N4O2
    (2R)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide —— C19H24N4O2
    (2S)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamide
    —— N-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-4-amine —— C15H17N3O
    N-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-4-amine
    —— N-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-4-amine —— C15H17N3O
    N-[(3R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-2,5,6-trimethylpyrimidin-4-amine
    —— 3-[(4E,5S)-4-[hydroxy-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-2,3-dioxo-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidin-1-yl]propyl-dimethylazanium —— C24H28N3O4+
    3-[(4E,5S)-4-[hydroxy-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-2,3-dioxo-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidin-1-yl]propyl-dimethylazanium
    —— N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]ethanamine —— C11H15NO
    N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]ethanamine
    —— (5R)-4-[hydroxy-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-1-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C22H23NO6
    (5R)-4-[hydroxy-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-1-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— (5S)-4-[hydroxy-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-1-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C22H23NO6
    (5S)-4-[hydroxy-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-1-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— 1-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]piperazine-1,4-diium —— C13H20N2O+2
    1-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]piperazine-1,4-diium
    —— 1-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]piperazine —— C13H18N2O
    1-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]piperazine
    —— 4-[4-[1-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]imidazol-2-yl]triazol-1-yl]piperidine —— C19H22N6O
    4-[4-[1-[(2R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]imidazol-2-yl]triazol-1-yl]piperidine
    —— 4-[4-[1-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]imidazol-2-yl]triazol-1-yl]piperidine —— C19H22N6O
    4-[4-[1-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]imidazol-2-yl]triazol-1-yl]piperidine
    —— methyl N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-N-methylcarbamate —— C12H15NO3
    methyl N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-N-methylcarbamate
    —— 2-{(5E)-5-[(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl}ethanesulfonic acid —— C15H15NO5S3
    2-{(5E)-5-[(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methylidene]-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl}ethanesulfonic acid
    —— 4-[[[(1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]methyl]-N,N-dimethyloxan-4-amine —— C20H32N2O2
    4-[[[(1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]methyl]-N,N-dimethyloxan-4-amine
    —— 5-chloro-1-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione —— C13H11ClN2O3
    5-chloro-1-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione
    —— 4-[[[(1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]methyl]-N,N-dimethyloxan-4-amine —— C20H32N2O2
    4-[[[(1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]methyl]-N,N-dimethyloxan-4-amine
    —— 5-chloro-1-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione —— C13H11ClN2O3
    5-chloro-1-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione
    —— (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methyl-N-[(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)methyl]propan-1-amine —— C17H23N3O
    (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methyl-N-[(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)methyl]propan-1-amine
    —— (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methyl-N-[(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)methyl]propan-1-amine —— C17H23N3O
    (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methyl-N-[(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)methyl]propan-1-amine
    —— (4Z,5S)-1-[3-(diethylamino)propyl]-4-[hydroxy-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione —— C26H31N3O4
    (4Z,5S)-1-[3-(diethylamino)propyl]-4-[hydroxy-[(2S)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]methylidene]-5-pyridin-4-ylpyrrolidine-2,3-dione
    —— N-cyclopropyl-3-[5-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carbonyl]-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl]propanamide —— C21H24N4O3
    N-cyclopropyl-3-[5-[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carbonyl]-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl]propanamide
    —— N-cyclopropyl-3-[5-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carbonyl]-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl]propanamide —— C21H24N4O3
    N-cyclopropyl-3-[5-[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carbonyl]-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl]propanamide
    —— (1S)-2-[[(1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]-1-(furan-2-yl)ethanol —— C18H23NO3
    (1S)-2-[[(1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]-1-(furan-2-yl)ethanol
    —— (1R)-2-[[(1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]-1-(furan-2-yl)ethanol —— C18H23NO3
    (1R)-2-[[(1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]-1-(furan-2-yl)ethanol
    —— (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methyl-N-[(2-methylpyrazol-3-yl)methyl]propan-1-amine —— C17H23N3O
    (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methyl-N-[(2-methylpyrazol-3-yl)methyl]propan-1-amine
    —— (1S)-2-[[(1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]-1-(furan-2-yl)ethanol —— C18H23NO3
    (1S)-2-[[(1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]-1-(furan-2-yl)ethanol
    —— (1R)-2-[[(1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]-1-(furan-2-yl)ethanol —— C18H23NO3
    (1R)-2-[[(1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methylpropyl]amino]-1-(furan-2-yl)ethanol
    —— (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methyl-N-[(2-methylpyrazol-3-yl)methyl]propan-1-amine —— C17H23N3O
    (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methyl-N-[(2-methylpyrazol-3-yl)methyl]propan-1-amine
    —— (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-imidazol-1-ylethyl)-2-methylpropan-1-amine —— C17H23N3O
    (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-imidazol-1-ylethyl)-2-methylpropan-1-amine
    —— (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-imidazol-1-ylethyl)-2-methylpropan-1-amine —— C17H23N3O
    (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-(2-imidazol-1-ylethyl)-2-methylpropan-1-amine
    —— (1Z,2R)-2-[(1S,2S,4R)-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-enyl]-1-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol —— C22H26N2O5
    (1Z,2R)-2-[(1S,2S,4R)-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-enyl]-1-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol
    —— N-[(1S)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]-1-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-amine —— C21H27N3O
    N-[(1S)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]-1-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-amine
    —— 3-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylsulfanylmethyl]-4,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazole —— C17H23N3O2S
    3-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylsulfanylmethyl]-4,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazole
    —— N-[(1R)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]-1-pyridin-2-ylpiperidin-4-amine —— C20H25N3O
    N-[(1R)-1-[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]ethyl]-1-pyridin-2-ylpiperidin-4-amine
    —— (1Z,2R)-2-[(1S,2S,4R)-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-enyl]-1-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol —— C22H27N2O5+
    (1Z,2R)-2-[(1S,2S,4R)-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-enyl]-1-[(3R)-3-morpholin-4-ium-4-yl-5-nitro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-ylidene]propan-2-ol