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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (2S)-2-(3,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)-N-[[(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]propanamide —— C19H24N2O4
    (2S)-2-(3,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)-N-[[(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]propanamide
    —— N-[[(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-2-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)acetamide —— C19H22N2O3
    N-[[(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-2-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)acetamide
    —— N-[[(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-2-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)acetamide —— C17H21N3O3
    N-[[(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-2-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)acetamide
    —— N-[[(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-4-pyridin-2-ylbutanamide —— C20H24N2O3
    N-[[(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-4-pyridin-2-ylbutanamide
    —— 3-[[(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylamino]pyrazine-2-carbonitrile —— C16H16N4O2
    3-[[(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methylamino]pyrazine-2-carbonitrile
    —— 4-cyano-N-[[(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide —— C17H17N3O3
    4-cyano-N-[[(2S)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide
    —— 4-cyano-N-[[(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide —— C17H17N3O3
    4-cyano-N-[[(2R)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide
    —— N-[(1S,2S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C18H18FNO3
    N-[(1S,2S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— N-[(1R,2S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C18H18FNO3
    N-[(1R,2S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— N-[(1R,2R)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C18H18FNO3
    N-[(1R,2R)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— N-[(1S,2R)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide —— C18H18FNO3
    N-[(1S,2R)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamide
    —— 5-[[[(3R)-6,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]amino]methyl]thiophene-3-carboxamide —— C16H18N2O2S
    5-[[[(3R)-6,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]amino]methyl]thiophene-3-carboxamide
    —— 5-[[[(3S)-6,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]amino]methyl]thiophene-3-carboxamide —— C16H18N2O2S
    5-[[[(3S)-6,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]amino]methyl]thiophene-3-carboxamide
    —— 3-[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-one —— C14H15NO2S
    3-[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-one
    —— 1-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(9R)-6-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]urea —— C19H26N2O3
    1-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(9R)-6-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]urea
    —— 1-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(9S)-6-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]urea —— C19H26N2O3
    1-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(9S)-6-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]urea
    —— 1-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(9R)-6-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]urea —— C19H26N2O3
    1-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(9R)-6-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]urea
    —— 1-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(9S)-6-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]urea —— C19H26N2O3
    1-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[(9S)-6-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]urea
    —— (2Z)-2-(4,6-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-3-ylidene)acetic acid —— C12H12O3
    (2Z)-2-(4,6-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-3-ylidene)acetic acid
    —— (3R)-N-[[4-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]methyl]-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C20H21N3O2
    (3R)-N-[[4-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]methyl]-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[4-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]methyl]propan-1-amine —— C22H25N3O
    (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[4-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]methyl]propan-1-amine
    —— (3S)-N-[[4-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]methyl]-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine —— C20H21N3O2
    (3S)-N-[[4-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]methyl]-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-amine
    —— (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[4-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]methyl]propan-1-amine —— C22H25N3O
    (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[[4-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]methyl]propan-1-amine
    —— (1R)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazol-4-yl)propan-1-amine —— C18H25N3O
    (1R)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazol-4-yl)propan-1-amine
    —— (2S)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-pyridin-4-ylpropan-2-amine —— C17H17F3N2O
    (2S)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-pyridin-4-ylpropan-2-amine
    —— (2R)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-pyridin-4-ylpropan-2-amine —— C17H17F3N2O
    (2R)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-pyridin-4-ylpropan-2-amine
    —— (2S)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-pyridin-4-ylpropan-2-amine —— C17H17F3N2O
    (2S)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-pyridin-4-ylpropan-2-amine
    —— N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-4-amine —— C18H23N3OS
    N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-4-amine
    —— (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[2-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-yl)ethyl]propan-1-amine —— C20H28N4O
    (1R)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[2-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-yl)ethyl]propan-1-amine
    —— N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-amine —— C20H25N3O
    N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-amine
    —— N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-amine —— C20H25N3O
    N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-amine
    —— (2R)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-pyridin-4-ylpropan-2-amine —— C17H17F3N2O
    (2R)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-pyridin-4-ylpropan-2-amine
    —— (1R)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazol-4-yl)propan-1-amine —— C18H25N3O
    (1R)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazol-4-yl)propan-1-amine
    —— (1S)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazol-4-yl)propan-1-amine —— C18H25N3O
    (1S)-N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazol-4-yl)propan-1-amine
    —— (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[2-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-yl)ethyl]propan-1-amine —— C20H28N4O
    (1S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-N-[2-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]azepin-3-yl)ethyl]propan-1-amine
    —— N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-4-amine —— C18H23N3OS
    N-[[(2S)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-4-amine
    —— (1S)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazol-4-yl)propan-1-amine —— C18H25N3O
    (1S)-N-[[(2R)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]methyl]-1-(1,3,5-trimethylpyrazol-4-yl)propan-1-amine
    —— 2-cyclopropyl-1-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]imidazole-4-carboxamide —— C19H23N3O3
    2-cyclopropyl-1-[[(2S)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]imidazole-4-carboxamide
    —— 2-cyclopropyl-1-[[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]imidazole-4-carboxamide —— C19H23N3O3
    2-cyclopropyl-1-[[(2R)-5-ethoxy-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl]methyl]imidazole-4-carboxamide
    —— 1-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[1-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)cyclopentyl]urea —— C18H22N4O3
    1-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[1-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)cyclopentyl]urea
    —— (3R)-3-(dimethylamino)-N-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide —— C17H25N3O2
    (3R)-3-(dimethylamino)-N-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (3S)-3-(dimethylamino)-N-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide —— C17H25N3O2
    (3S)-3-(dimethylamino)-N-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide
    —— 1-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[1-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)cyclopentyl]urea —— C18H22N4O3
    1-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]-3-[1-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)cyclopentyl]urea
    —— (2S)-2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-N-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide —— C18H22N4O2
    (2S)-2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-N-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-N-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide —— C18H22N4O2
    (2R)-2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-N-[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-N-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide —— C18H22N4O2
    (2S)-2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-N-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (3R)-3-(dimethylamino)-N-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide —— C17H25N3O2
    (3R)-3-(dimethylamino)-N-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (3S)-3-(dimethylamino)-N-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide —— C17H25N3O2
    (3S)-3-(dimethylamino)-N-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide
    —— (2R)-2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-N-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide —— C18H22N4O2
    (2R)-2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-N-[(3S)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]piperidine-1-carboxamide
    —— 6-[[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]amino]pyridine-3-carbonitrile —— C15H13N3O
    6-[[(3R)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]amino]pyridine-3-carbonitrile