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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C11H14O2
    7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-5-methylthio-7-benzofuranol —— C11H14O2S
    2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-5-methylthio-7-benzofuranol
    —— [2-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl-oxy)ethyl]-(5-cyclopenten-1-ylpyridin-3-ylmethyl)amine —— C23H28N2O2
    [2-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl-oxy)ethyl]-(5-cyclopenten-1-ylpyridin-3-ylmethyl)amine
    —— 4,5,6-tribromo-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-ol —— C10H9Br3O2
    4,5,6-tribromo-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-ol
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-nitro-7-benzofuranol —— C10H11NO4
    2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-nitro-7-benzofuranol
    —— 2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-7-[N-methyl-N-(4-tert-butylphenylthiosulfenyl)carbamoyloxy] benzofuran —— C22H27NO3S2
    2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-7-[N-methyl-N-(4-tert-butylphenylthiosulfenyl)carbamoyloxy] benzofuran
    —— 2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl cyclohexylcarbamate —— C17H23NO3
    2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl cyclohexylcarbamate
    —— 2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-7-[N-methyl-N-(N'-methyl-N'-fluorocarbonyl-aminosulfenyl)-carbamoyloxy]benzofuran —— C14H17FN2O4S
    2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-7-[N-methyl-N-(N'-methyl-N'-fluorocarbonyl-aminosulfenyl)-carbamoyloxy]benzofuran
    —— 7-[N-methyl-N-(N'-methyl-N'-fluorocarbonylaminothiosulfenyl)carbamoyloxy]-2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran —— C14H17FN2O4S2
    7-[N-methyl-N-(N'-methyl-N'-fluorocarbonylaminothiosulfenyl)carbamoyloxy]-2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran
    —— 3-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-oxy)propanol —— C13H18O3
    3-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-oxy)propanol
    —— 3-(5-Isobutyl-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-7-yl)-4-trifluoromethoxy-benzaldehyde oxime —— C22H24F3NO3
    3-(5-Isobutyl-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-7-yl)-4-trifluoromethoxy-benzaldehyde oxime
    —— tert-butyl N-(7-(tert-butyl)-2,3-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl-1-benzofuran-5-yl]carbamate —— C20H31NO3
    tert-butyl N-(7-(tert-butyl)-2,3-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl-1-benzofuran-5-yl]carbamate
    —— 7-(tert-Butyl)-2,3-dihydro-5-(2-methyl-2-propenyl)amino-2,2,4-trimethyl-1-benzofurane —— C19H29NO
    7-(tert-Butyl)-2,3-dihydro-5-(2-methyl-2-propenyl)amino-2,2,4-trimethyl-1-benzofurane
    —— tert-butyl N-(2,3-dihydro-2,2,6,7-tetramethyl-1-benzofuran-5-yl)carbamate —— C17H25NO3
    tert-butyl N-(2,3-dihydro-2,2,6,7-tetramethyl-1-benzofuran-5-yl)carbamate
    —— 5-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonyl-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzofuran —— C12H13ClO4
    5-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonyl-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzofuran
    —— 3a-methyl-2,3,3a,8a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran-5-yl N-ethylcarbamate —— C14H17NO4
    3a-methyl-2,3,3a,8a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran-5-yl N-ethylcarbamate
    —— (-)-(3aS)-3a-methyl-2,3,3a,8a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran-5-yl N-ethylcarbamate —— C14H17NO4
    (-)-(3aS)-3a-methyl-2,3,3a,8a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran-5-yl N-ethylcarbamate
    —— 4-amino-5-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carbonitrile —— C9H7ClN2O
    4-amino-5-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carbonitrile
    —— 3-(1-oxido-7,8-dihydrofuro[2,3-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-yl)propanal —— C12H11N3O3
    3-(1-oxido-7,8-dihydrofuro[2,3-g][1,2,4]benzotriazin-3-yl)propanal
    —— 5-cyano-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-propionyloxybenzofuran —— C14H15NO3
    5-cyano-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-propionyloxybenzofuran
    —— (E)-3-((2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)methylene)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one —— C13H12O3
    (E)-3-((2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)methylene)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
    —— (+/-)-4-[1-Hydroxy-1-phenyl-2-(4-pyridyl)ethyl]-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C24H25NO3
    (+/-)-4-[1-Hydroxy-1-phenyl-2-(4-pyridyl)ethyl]-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— (R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C9H10O
    (R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 1-cyclohexylidene-3,3-dimethyl-1,3,3a,8a-tetrahydro-8-oxa-cyclopenta[a]inden-2-one —— C19H22O2
    1-cyclohexylidene-3,3-dimethyl-1,3,3a,8a-tetrahydro-8-oxa-cyclopenta[a]inden-2-one
    —— 1-((2-azido-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl)oxy)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine —— C17H24N4O2
    1-((2-azido-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl)oxy)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
    —— 3a,8b-cis-dihydro-3H-5-bromo-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran —— C11H9BrO
    3a,8b-cis-dihydro-3H-5-bromo-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran
    —— 3a,8b-cis-dihydro-3H-5-carbomethoxy-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran —— C13H12O3
    3a,8b-cis-dihydro-3H-5-carbomethoxy-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran
    —— 2-cyanomethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C10H9NO
    2-cyanomethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 2,3-dihydro-2-ethoxybenzo<b>furan —— C10H12O2
    2,3-dihydro-2-ethoxybenzo<b>furan
    —— (2R,3S)-N5-(2-methoxyethyl)-N7,2-dimethyl-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5,7-dicarboxaminde —— C21H24N2O4
    (2R,3S)-N5-(2-methoxyethyl)-N7,2-dimethyl-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5,7-dicarboxaminde
    —— (E)-1-(7-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-5-benzofuranyl)-4-cyclopropyl-2-buten-1-one —— C21H28O2
    (E)-1-(7-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-5-benzofuranyl)-4-cyclopropyl-2-buten-1-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-2-vinyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C13H16O2
    5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-2-vinyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-3-vinyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C13H16O2
    5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethyl-3-vinyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 5-methyl-3-(p-tolyl)benzofuran-2(3H)-one —— C16H14O2
    5-methyl-3-(p-tolyl)benzofuran-2(3H)-one
    —— N-[3-(5-Bromo-7-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-4-yl)-propyl]-acetamide —— C13H15BrFNO2
    N-[3-(5-Bromo-7-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-4-yl)-propyl]-acetamide
    —— 7-(4-Methylthiobenzoyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl-acetic acid —— C18H16O3S
    7-(4-Methylthiobenzoyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl-acetic acid
    —— 3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-4,6,7-trimethylspiro[benzofuran-2(3H),4'-piperidine]-5-ol hydrochloride —— C24H31NO2*ClH
    3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-4,6,7-trimethylspiro[benzofuran-2(3H),4'-piperidine]-5-ol hydrochloride
    —— phenyl N-[(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]carbamate —— C16H15NO3
    phenyl N-[(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl]carbamate
    —— 6-[(3,7,7-trimethyl-2,4-octadienyl)-oxy]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C19H26O2
    6-[(3,7,7-trimethyl-2,4-octadienyl)-oxy]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 6-[(7-ethoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2-octenyl)-oxy]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C20H30O3
    6-[(7-ethoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2-octenyl)-oxy]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 6-[(6-methoxy-3,7,7-trimethyl-2-octenyl)-oxy]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C20H30O3
    6-[(6-methoxy-3,7,7-trimethyl-2-octenyl)-oxy]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 2-(5-bromo-3,3,6-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-7-yl)-propan-2-ol —— C14H19BrO2
    2-(5-bromo-3,3,6-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-7-yl)-propan-2-ol
    —— 1-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropan-1-one —— C13H16O2
    1-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropan-1-one
    —— 5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzofuran-2-one —— C22H26O3
    5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzofuran-2-one
    —— 2-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-oxy)ethanol —— C12H16O3
    2-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-oxy)ethanol
    —— (2Z,3Z)-benzofuran-2,3-dione O<sup>2</sup>-(2-hydroxyethyl) O<sup>3</sup>-methyldioxime —— C11H12N2O4
    (2Z,3Z)-benzofuran-2,3-dione O<sup>2</sup>-(2-hydroxyethyl) O<sup>3</sup>-methyldioxime
    —— 6-(1-p-chlorophenylbuten-4-yl)-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-p-methoxybenzyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C27H27ClO3
    6-(1-p-chlorophenylbuten-4-yl)-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-p-methoxybenzyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— rac-(2R,3S)-5-bromo-2-cyclopropyl-7-nitro-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C17H14BrNO3
    rac-(2R,3S)-5-bromo-2-cyclopropyl-7-nitro-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 3-Methyl-5,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydrobenzo<b>furan —— C9H8Cl2O
    3-Methyl-5,7-dichloro-2,3-dihydrobenzo<b>furan
    —— cis-6-(Propyloxy)-3a,8a-di-(hydro)-3H-8-oxacyclopenta[a]indene-5-ol —— C14H16O3
    cis-6-(Propyloxy)-3a,8a-di-(hydro)-3H-8-oxacyclopenta[a]indene-5-ol