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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 香豆素

    香豆素

    香豆素 基本信息

    香豆素（Coumarin）是一类具有独特芳香气味的化合物，化学式为C9H6O2。它们属于苯骈α-呋喃酮类化合物，在自然界中广泛存在。

    结构特征

    香豆素的基本结构由苯环和呋喃酮构成，其中苯环与四个碳原子相连的呋喃酮单元形成独特的“香豆素环”。

    自然来源

    香豆素存在于多种植物、真菌及动物体内。在植物界中，它主要作为天然防御机制的一部分，用作对昆虫的化学信号。著名的例子包括：天竺葵科（如紫花苜蓿）、唇形科（如薄荷）和芸香科（如柑橘属果实）。此外，在真菌、苔藓及藻类中也有发现。

    化学性质 稳定性

    由于其独特的结构，香豆素表现出良好的化学稳定性。它们不易被氧化或还原，但可以与其他化合物发生多种类型的反应，包括缩合、取代等。

    生物活性

    许多香豆素衍生物具有生物活性，能够引起抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种作用。这些特性使它们成为医药、食品添加剂等多个领域的重要研究对象。

    应用领域 医药行业

    在制药业中，某些结构类似物被开发为药物先导化合物。例如，香豆素类抗生素是最早的广谱抗生素之一；一些香豆素衍生物还表现出抗癌潜力。

    食品工业

    由于其独特的香气和味道，在食品加工中也得到了广泛应用，常作为香精成分使用。

    其他应用

    此外，它们还在染料生产、农药开发等多个领域展现出潜在价值。

    生产方法

    香豆素可通过多种合成路径获得。传统的化学合成涉及从苯甲醛出发的反应；而近年来，通过生物转化技术，利用微生物发酵过程制备天然香豆素也成为一种可持续的方法。

    总之，香豆素因其独特的结构和广泛的生物学应用，在多个领域中发挥着重要作用，并且仍然是有机化学研究中的一个重要课题。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2,4-dimethyl-5-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzo<2,3>furan 140427-40-3 C10H11NO3
    2,4-dimethyl-5-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzo<2,3>furan
    —— (2E,4E)-5-((2R,3R)-7-bromo-2,3-dimethyl-4-triisopropylsilanyloxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl)-2-methyl-penta-2,4-dienoic acid methyl ester 474418-80-9 C26H39BrO4Si
    (2E,4E)-5-((2R,3R)-7-bromo-2,3-dimethyl-4-triisopropylsilanyloxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl)-2-methyl-penta-2,4-dienoic acid methyl ester
    —— (2R,3R)-7-bromo-2,3-dimethyl-4-tri(propan-2-yl)silyloxy-2H-1-benzofuran-3-carbaldehyde 628299-74-1 C20H31BrO3Si
    (2R,3R)-7-bromo-2,3-dimethyl-4-tri(propan-2-yl)silyloxy-2H-1-benzofuran-3-carbaldehyde
    —— 2,3-dihydro-6-propylbenzofuran-3,7-diol 1401094-48-1 C11H14O3
    2,3-dihydro-6-propylbenzofuran-3,7-diol
    —— 2-Isopropenyl-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran 113334-53-5 C12H14O
    2-Isopropenyl-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— 3,5,6-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 66890-60-6 C11H14O
    3,5,6-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 4-carboxy-6-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one 756836-18-7 C13H10N2O4
    4-carboxy-6-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one
    —— 5,6-dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-p-tolylbenzofuran-2(3H)-one 1373335-11-5 C23H20O2
    5,6-dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-p-tolylbenzofuran-2(3H)-one
    —— 2,3,8,9-tetramethyl-5a,10b-dihydrobenzofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran 1262238-46-9 C18H18O2
    2,3,8,9-tetramethyl-5a,10b-dihydrobenzofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran
    —— 5-acetoxy-3,6-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 111974-07-3 C12H14O3
    5-acetoxy-3,6-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— (3aS,8aS)-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2,3,3a,8a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran-2-one 225917-70-4 C11H10O5
    (3aS,8aS)-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2,3,3a,8a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran-2-one
    —— 5,7-dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-p-tolylbenzofuran-2(3H)-one 1373335-06-8 C23H20O2
    5,7-dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-p-tolylbenzofuran-2(3H)-one
    —— methyl 2-isopropyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate 863970-64-3 C13H16O3
    methyl 2-isopropyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— methyl (2R)-5-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate 653578-69-9 C13H16O4
    methyl (2R)-5-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— methyl 5-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate 653578-68-8 C13H16O4
    methyl 5-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate
    —— 5-hydroxy-2,6,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-carbaldehyde 607351-67-7 C12H14O3
    5-hydroxy-2,6,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-carbaldehyde
    —— 5-hydroxy-2,6,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 607351-66-6 C11H14O2
    5-hydroxy-2,6,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 2,6,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4,5-diol 607351-65-5 C11H14O3
    2,6,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4,5-diol
    —— (S)-3-[3-(1,3-dioxan-2-yl)propyl]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 1571984-41-2 C15H20O3
    (S)-3-[3-(1,3-dioxan-2-yl)propyl]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— methyl 3-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-2H-1-benzofuran-3-carboxylate 936563-52-9 C20H22O6
    methyl 3-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-2H-1-benzofuran-3-carboxylate
    —— 3-methyl-3-methoxycarbonyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 39891-57-1 C11H12O3
    3-methyl-3-methoxycarbonyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— (4aS,9bR)-9b-allyl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydrodibenzofuran-3-one 951167-73-0 C16H18O3
    (4aS,9bR)-9b-allyl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydrodibenzofuran-3-one
    —— (5aR,10aR)-9-methoxy-3-methyl-5a-prop-2-enyl-5,10a-dihydro-4H-[1]benzofuro[2,3-e][2,1]benzoxazol-1-one 951167-75-2 C18H19NO4
    (5aR,10aR)-9-methoxy-3-methyl-5a-prop-2-enyl-5,10a-dihydro-4H-[1]benzofuro[2,3-e][2,1]benzoxazol-1-one
    —— 2-[(5aS,7S,9aR)-7-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-4-methoxy-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5aH-dibenzofuran-9a-yl]-N-methylacetamide —— C22H35NO4Si
    2-[(5aS,7S,9aR)-7-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-4-methoxy-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5aH-dibenzofuran-9a-yl]-N-methylacetamide
    —— (3S,4aS,9bR)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-6-methoxy-9b-(2'-oxoethyl)-1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydrodibenzofuran 951167-78-5 C21H32O4Si
    (3S,4aS,9bR)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-6-methoxy-9b-(2'-oxoethyl)-1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydrodibenzofuran
    —— (3S,4aS,9bR)-9b-allyl-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydrodibenzofuran 951167-77-4 C22H34O3Si
    (3S,4aS,9bR)-9b-allyl-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydrodibenzofuran
    —— 3-isopropenyl-4,5,6-trimethoxy-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 831171-31-4 C15H20O4
    3-isopropenyl-4,5,6-trimethoxy-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— 3-isopropenyl-4,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran 831171-22-3 C14H18O3
    3-isopropenyl-4,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— trans-2.3-Dimethyl-2.3-dihydro-benzofuran 42740-74-9 C10H12O
    trans-2.3-Dimethyl-2.3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran 42740-74-9 C10H12O
    2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-benzofuran
    —— 2,3-Dihydro-3-methylbenzofurane-2-carboxylic acid 230293-43-3 C10H10O3
    2,3-Dihydro-3-methylbenzofurane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-(3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole 89197-36-4 C12H14N2O
    2-(3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
    —— cis-2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran —— C10H12O
    cis-2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran
    —— Acetic acid 2-methyl-7a-phenyl-2a,7a-dihydro-7-oxa-cyclobuta[a]inden-1-yl ester 113218-61-4 C19H16O3
    Acetic acid 2-methyl-7a-phenyl-2a,7a-dihydro-7-oxa-cyclobuta[a]inden-1-yl ester
    —— 2-(2,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-yl)acetonitrile 1372769-19-1 C12H13NO
    2-(2,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-yl)acetonitrile
    —— 3,3-diphenyl-5-methyl-2(3H)-benzofuranone 55190-58-4 C21H16O2
    3,3-diphenyl-5-methyl-2(3H)-benzofuranone
    —— 3,3-diphenyl-2(3H)-benzofuranone 40112-62-7 C20H14O2
    3,3-diphenyl-2(3H)-benzofuranone
    —— 3,3-diphenyl-6-methyl-2(3H)-benzofuranone 29052-18-4 C21H16O2
    3,3-diphenyl-6-methyl-2(3H)-benzofuranone
    —— 3,3-diphenyl-2(3H)-naphtho[2,1-b]furanone 29052-15-1 C24H16O2
    3,3-diphenyl-2(3H)-naphtho[2,1-b]furanone
    —— (R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxylic acid 386713-99-1 C10H10O3
    (R)-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxylic acid
    —— (+/-) 4-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-7-benzofuroyl)amino-1-methyl-3-propyl-5-pyrazolecarboxamide 386714-01-8 C18H22N4O3
    (+/-) 4-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-7-benzofuroyl)amino-1-methyl-3-propyl-5-pyrazolecarboxamide
    —— 2-methyl-5-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxamide 1616110-64-5 C10H10N2O4
    2-methyl-5-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— 2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxamide 1616110-59-8 C10H11NO2
    2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxamide
    —— 2-Ethyl-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol 113168-16-4 C12H16O2
    2-Ethyl-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— 3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol 113168-17-5 C12H16O2
    3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
    —— 7-aminosulfonyl-2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran 87254-53-3 C10H13NO3S
    7-aminosulfonyl-2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran
    —— (2S)-2-[(2R)-5-[1-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxyethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]propane-1,2-diol 850312-58-2 C19H32O4Si
    (2S)-2-[(2R)-5-[1-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxyethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]propane-1,2-diol
    —— 5-[2-(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-2-tert-butoxycarbonyl]ethyl-3-phenyl-3-vinyldihydrobenzo[b]furan-2-one 870456-14-7 C31H31NO6
    5-[2-(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-2-tert-butoxycarbonyl]ethyl-3-phenyl-3-vinyldihydrobenzo[b]furan-2-one
    —— 5-[2-(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-2-tert-butoxycarbonyl]ethyl-3-phenyl-3-vinyldihydrobenzo[b]furan-2-ol 870456-15-8 C31H33NO6
    5-[2-(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-2-tert-butoxycarbonyl]ethyl-3-phenyl-3-vinyldihydrobenzo[b]furan-2-ol
    —— 3-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-3<i>H</i>-benzofuran-2-one 100538-34-9 C14H10O3
    3-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-3<i>H</i>-benzofuran-2-one