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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C27H30O14
    7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C26H28O16
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— N-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C23H16FNO3
    N-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-tert-butyl-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C21H21NO3
    N-tert-butyl-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— (2-Methoxyphenyl) 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C24H18O5
    (2-Methoxyphenyl) 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— 1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C24H16O6
    1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— (4-Cyanophenyl) 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C24H15NO4
    (4-Cyanophenyl) 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— Methyl 4-[(3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carbonyl)amino]benzoate —— C25H19NO5
    Methyl 4-[(3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carbonyl)amino]benzoate
    —— (4-Acetylphenyl) 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C25H18O5
    (4-Acetylphenyl) 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C26H23NO3
    N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C23H16FNO3
    N-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— 3-methyl-N-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C24H19NO3
    3-methyl-N-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)chromene-8-carboxamide —— C26H23NO3
    3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)chromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C25H21NO4
    N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-[(2R)-2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]butanamide —— C20H19NO5
    N-[(2R)-2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]butanamide
    —— N-[(2S)-4-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]butanamide —— C22H25NO6
    N-[(2S)-4-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]butanamide
    —— N-[(2R)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]butanamide —— C20H21NO4
    N-[(2R)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]butanamide
    —— N-[(2S)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]butanamide —— C20H21NO4
    N-[(2S)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]butanamide
    —— [(2S)-1-(methoxycarbonylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C22H19NO7
    [(2S)-1-(methoxycarbonylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— [(2R)-1-[2-cyanoethyl(methyl)amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C24H22N2O5
    [(2R)-1-[2-cyanoethyl(methyl)amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— [(2R)-1-(methoxycarbonylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C22H19NO7
    [(2R)-1-(methoxycarbonylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— [(2S)-1-[2-cyanoethyl(methyl)amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C24H22N2O5
    [(2S)-1-[2-cyanoethyl(methyl)amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— [(2R)-1-oxo-1-(propylamino)propan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C23H23NO5
    [(2R)-1-oxo-1-(propylamino)propan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— [(2R)-1-(2-methylpropylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C24H25NO5
    [(2R)-1-(2-methylpropylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— [(2R)-1-(tert-butylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C24H25NO5
    [(2R)-1-(tert-butylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— [(2R)-1-(2-methoxyethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C23H23NO6
    [(2R)-1-(2-methoxyethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— [(2R)-1-oxo-1-(prop-2-enylamino)propan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C23H21NO5
    [(2R)-1-oxo-1-(prop-2-enylamino)propan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— [(2S)-1-(2-methylpropylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C24H25NO5
    [(2S)-1-(2-methylpropylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C25H21NO3
    N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C24H19NO4
    N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N'-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carbohydrazide —— C24H17FN2O4
    N'-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carbohydrazide
    —— 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-(2-phenylethyl)chromene-8-carboxamide —— C25H21NO3
    3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-(2-phenylethyl)chromene-8-carboxamide
    —— 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]chromene-8-carboxamide —— C25H21NO3
    3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]chromene-8-carboxamide
    —— 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]chromene-8-carboxamide —— C25H21NO3
    3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]chromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-8-carboxamide —— C22H17NO4
    N-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C25H21NO3
    N-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C25H19NO5
    N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-[4-(acetylamino)phenyl]-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-8-carboxamide —— C25H20N2O4
    N-[4-(acetylamino)phenyl]-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-8-carboxamide
    —— [2-(3-Fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C25H17FO5
    [2-(3-Fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— 6-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4H-chromen-4-one —— C17H11F3O2
    6-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1H-pyrimidin-6-yl)-N-[(Z)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide —— C21H18N4O3S
    2-(4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1H-pyrimidin-6-yl)-N-[(Z)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide
    —— (3R)-1,1-dioxo-N-[[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiolane-3-carboxamide —— C20H20N2O4S
    (3R)-1,1-dioxo-N-[[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiolane-3-carboxamide
    —— (3R)-1,1-dioxo-N-[[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiolane-3-carboxamide —— C20H20N2O4S
    (3R)-1,1-dioxo-N-[[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiolane-3-carboxamide
    —— N-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C25H21NO4
    N-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C25H21NO5
    N-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— N-(3-cyanophenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C24H16N2O3
    N-(3-cyanophenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-7-methyl-2-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C16H13NO4
    (2S)-7-methyl-2-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (2R)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C15H11BrO4
    (2R)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C15H11BrO4
    (2S)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (4R)-2,2-diphenyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-4-ol —— C21H18O2
    (4R)-2,2-diphenyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-4-ol