有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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3,6-二溴(1h)吲唑 | 3,6-dibromo-1H-indazole | 885521-84-6 | C7H4Br2N2 |
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3,6-二氯苯并[b]噻吩-2-羧酸 | 3,6-dichloro-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylic acid | 34576-94-8 | C9H4Cl2O2S |
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3,6-二氯咪唑并[1,2-b]吡嗪 | 3,6-dichloroimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine | 40972-42-7 | C6H3Cl2N3 |
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3,6-二氯咔唑 | 3,6-dichloro-9H-carbazole | 5599-71-3 | C12H7Cl2N |
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3,6-二氯吡啶-2-碳酰肼 | 3,6-dichloropicolinohydrazide | 16866-52-7 | C6H5Cl2N3O |
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3,6-二氯-2-甲基苯胺 | 3.6-Dichlor-2-methylanilin | 62077-26-3 | C7H7Cl2N |
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3,6-二氨基咔唑 | 3,6-diamino-9H-carbazole | 86-71-5 | C12H11N3 |
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3,6-二氨基-10-甲基吖啶鎓氯化物单盐酸盐 | acriflavine hydrochloride | 6034-59-9 | C14H14N3*ClH*Cl |
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3,6-二氧杂-1,8-辛二胺四乙酸四钠 | 3,12-Bis(carboxymethyl)-6,9-dioxa-3,12-diazatetradecane-1,14-dioic acid, tetrasodium salt | 13368-13-3 | C14H20N2Na4O10 |
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3,6-二氢吡喃 | dihydropyran | 3174-74-1 | C5H8O |
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3,6-二氢-4-甲基-2-苯基-2H-吡喃 | 4-Methyl-2-phenyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran | 60335-71-9 | C12H14O |
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3,6-二氢-4-甲基-2-(2-甲基-1-丙烯基)-2H-吡喃 | nerol oxide | 1786-08-9 | C10H16O |
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3,6-二氢-2,5-吡唑啉胆酸 | 2,5-(β-carboxyethyl)dihydropyrazine | 77479-03-9 | C10H14N2O4 |
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3,6-二氟邻苯二甲酸 | 3,6-difluoro phthalic acid | 651-97-8 | C8H4F2O4 |
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3,6-二氟水杨醛 | 2,5-difluoro-6-hydroxybenzaldehyde | 502762-92-7 | C7H4F2O2 |
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3,6-二氟-2-甲氧基苯甲醛 | 3,6-difluoro-2-methoxybenzaldehyde | 887267-04-1 | C8H6F2O2 |
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3,6-二氟-2-甲基苯甲腈 | 3,6-difluoro-2-methylbenzonitrile | 198633-77-1 | C8H5F2N |
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3,6-二叔丁基咔唑 | 3,6-di(tert-butyl)-9H-carbazole | 37500-95-1 | C20H25N |
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3,6-二亚氨基-1,4-环己二烯-1,4-二胺 | 3,6-diimino-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diamine | 24196-90-5 | C6H8N4 |
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3,6-二-吡啶-4-基-1,2-二氢-[1,2,4,5]四嗪 | 3,6-di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine | 31599-25-4 | C12H10N6 |
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3,6-二-O-乙酰基-5-S-乙酰基-1,2-O-异亚丙基-5-硫代呋喃己糖 | Acetic acid (3aR,5S,6R,6aR)-5-(2-acetoxy-1-acetylsulfanyl-ethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-tetrahydro-furo[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-6-yl ester | 10227-17-5 | C15H22O8S |
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3,6-二-4-吡啶基-1,2,4,5-四嗪 | 3,6-di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine | 57654-36-1 | C12H8N6 |
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3,6-二-2-吡啶基-1,2,4,5-四嗪 | 3,6-di(2'-pyridyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine | 1671-87-0 | C12H8N6 |
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3,6-二(二乙基氨基)-9-[2-[(十八烷氧基)羰基]苯基]-呫吨鎓氯化物(1:1) | Octadecyl rhodamine B chloride | 65603-19-2 | C46H67ClN2O3 |
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3,6-二(3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪 | 3,6-bis-(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine | 30169-25-6 | C12H14N8 |
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3,6-(二苯胺基)咔唑 | N3,N3,N6,N6-tetraphenyl-9H-carbazole-3,6-diamine | 608527-58-8 | C36H27N3 |
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3,6,9-三噁十一烷二酸 | tetraglycolic acid | 13887-98-4 | C8H14O7 |
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3,6,9,15-四氮杂双环[9.3.1]PENTADECA-1(15),11,13-三烯-4-S-(4-异硫氰酸根合苄基))-3,6,9-三乙酸 | 2,2',2''-((4S)-4-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1]pentadeca-1(15),11,13-triene-3,6,9-triyl)triacetic acid | 949147-44-8 | C25H29N5O6S |
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3,6,9,12-四氧杂十三胺 | 3,6,9,12-tetraoxa-tridecylamine | 85030-56-4 | C9H21NO4 |
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3,6,9,12,15,18-六氧杂十九烷酸 | 2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaoxanonadecan-19-oic acid | 16142-03-3 | C13H26O8 |
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3,6,9,12,15,18-六氧杂十九烷-1-胺 | 2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaoxanonadecan-19-amine | 184357-46-8 | C13H29NO6 |
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3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27-九氧杂二十八烷酸 | 2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26-nonaoxaoctacosan-28-oic acid | 102013-72-9 | C19H38O11 |
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3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30-十氧杂三十一烷酸 | 2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29-decaoxahentriacontan-31-oic acid | 405518-55-0 | C21H42O12 |
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3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33-十一氧杂三十四烷酸 | 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33-undecaoxatetratriacontanoic acid | 908258-58-2 | C23H46O13 |
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3,6,7-三甲基-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-胺 | 2-amino-3,6,7-trimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine | 401560-74-5 | C9H12N4 |
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3,6,7-三甲基-3H-咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-2-胺 | 2-amino-3,6,7-trimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine | 401560-72-3 | C9H12N4 |
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3,6,7,8-四甲基-4-(2-甲基丙基)-6H-吡咯并[4,5-f]吲嗪-2-羧酸 | 3,6,7,8-Tetramethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)-6h-pyrrolo[3,2-f]indolizine-2-carboxylic acid | 85949-60-6 | C19H24N2O2 |
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3,6,10,13,16,19-六氮杂双环[6.6.6]二十烷-1,8-二胺 | diamsar | 91002-72-1 | C14H34N8 |
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3,5二溴-4-甲氧基安息香酸 | 3,5-dibromo-4-methoxybenzoic acid | 4073-35-2 | C8H6Br2O3 |
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3,5-辛二烯-2-酮 | (3E,5E)-3,5-octandiene-2-one | 30086-02-3 | C8H12O |
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3,5-吡唑二甲酸 | 3,5-Pyrazoledicarboxylic acid | 3112-31-0 | C5H4N2O4 |
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3,5-双三氟甲基苯腈 | 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile | 27126-93-8 | C9H3F6N |
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3,5-双三氟甲基苯乙炔 | 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylacetylene | 88444-81-9 | C10H4F6 |
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3,5-双三氟甲基苄基溴 | 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl bromide | 32247-96-4 | C9H5BrF6 |
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3,5-双三氟甲基苄基氯 | 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl chloride | 75462-59-8 | C9H5ClF6 |
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3,5-双三氟甲基溴苯 | 3,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)bromobenzene | 328-70-1 | C8H3BrF6 |
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3,5-双三氟甲基-4-氯苯腈 | 4-chloro-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile | 62584-30-9 | C9H2ClF6N |
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3,5-双(溴甲基)苯甲酸 | 3,5-bis(bromomethyl)benzoic acid | 94111-75-8 | C9H8Br2O2 |
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3,5-双(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑 | 3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole | 77614-79-0 | C5H4F4N2 |
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3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基溴化镁 | Magnesium bromide 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzen-1-ide (1/1/1) | 112981-69-8 | C8H3BrF6Mg |
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