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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 2-amino-4H-pyridazino<4,5-e><1,3,4>thiadiazin-5(6H)-one 143703-10-0 C11H17N5O3S
2-amino-4H-pyridazino<4,5-e><1,3,4>thiadiazin-5(6H)-one
—— 1,3-Adamantan-bis-(thioacetamid) 56432-93-0 C14H22N2S2
1,3-Adamantan-bis-(thioacetamid)
—— 7H-6-Amino-3-phenylmethyl-s-triazolo<3,4-b><1,3,4>thiadiazine 113486-70-7 C11H11N5S
7H-6-Amino-3-phenylmethyl-s-triazolo<3,4-b><1,3,4>thiadiazine
—— (1'R,3'R)-Spiro[bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5,2'-(1,3-dithiolane)]-1',3'-dioxide 170027-42-6 C9H12O2S2
(1'R,3'R)-Spiro[bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5,2'-(1,3-dithiolane)]-1',3'-dioxide
—— methyl 2-acetyl-5,5-bis(phenylthio)pentanoate 1266617-42-8 C20H22O3S2
methyl 2-acetyl-5,5-bis(phenylthio)pentanoate
—— 2-Phenylsulfanylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylic acid 100886-10-0 C14H14O2S
2-Phenylsulfanylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylic acid
—— (1S,4S,5S)-5-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene 89294-00-8 C14H16S
(1S,4S,5S)-5-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene
—— ethyl (1S,2R,4S)-2-(phenylthio)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylate 216222-32-1 C16H18O2S
ethyl (1S,2R,4S)-2-(phenylthio)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylate
—— methyl 2-acetyl-5,5-bis(o-tolylthio)pentanoate 1266617-43-9 C22H26O3S2
methyl 2-acetyl-5,5-bis(o-tolylthio)pentanoate
—— methyl 2-acetyl-5,5-bis((3,5-dimethylphenyl)thio)pentanoate 1266617-46-2 C24H30O3S2
methyl 2-acetyl-5,5-bis((3,5-dimethylphenyl)thio)pentanoate
—— (1R,4R)-Spiro[bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5,2'-(1,3-dithiolane)] 170210-61-4 C9H12S2
(1R,4R)-Spiro[bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5,2'-(1,3-dithiolane)]
—— 1-[3-(Methylsulfanyl)phenyl]guanidine 71198-43-1 C8H11N3S
1-[3-(Methylsulfanyl)phenyl]guanidine
—— 2-Amino-6-(6-chlor-2-methylmercapto-pyrimidinyl-(4)-mercapto)-purin 93409-01-9 C10H8ClN7S2
2-Amino-6-(6-chlor-2-methylmercapto-pyrimidinyl-(4)-mercapto)-purin
—— 4-benzylsulfanyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole 1000613-41-1 C17H15NS2
4-benzylsulfanyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole
—— N-{5-amino-3-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}benzamide 909798-35-2 C16H13ClN4OS
N-{5-amino-3-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}benzamide
—— 6-(6-amino-5-bromo-2-ethylsulfanylpyrimidin-4-yl)sulfanyl-7H-purin-2-amine 7248-23-9 C11H11BrN8S2
6-(6-amino-5-bromo-2-ethylsulfanylpyrimidin-4-yl)sulfanyl-7H-purin-2-amine
—— 2-Oxo-valeriansaeure-thionamid 4602-27-1 C5H9NOS
2-Oxo-valeriansaeure-thionamid
—— 1-methyl-8-(phenethylthio)-3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrimido[1,6-a]pyrimidin-6(2H)-one 1420368-58-6 C16H19N3OS
1-methyl-8-(phenethylthio)-3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrimido[1,6-a]pyrimidin-6(2H)-one
—— S-ethyl-N-hydroxythioformimidate 114174-86-6 C3H7NOS
S-ethyl-N-hydroxythioformimidate
—— 4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentylvinylsulfone 199730-53-5 C7H9F5O2S
4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentylvinylsulfone
—— 7-nitro-4-(7H-purin-6-ylsulfanyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole 84458-52-6 C11H5N7O3S
7-nitro-4-(7H-purin-6-ylsulfanyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole
—— 2-Amino-6-(6-chlor-2-ethylmercapto-pyrimidinyl-(4)-mercapto)-purin 43203-34-5 C11H10ClN7S2
2-Amino-6-(6-chlor-2-ethylmercapto-pyrimidinyl-(4)-mercapto)-purin
—— (4-bromobenzyl)(4-bromophenyl)sulfane 100398-19-4 C13H10Br2S
(4-bromobenzyl)(4-bromophenyl)sulfane
—— 3-(4-(phenylthio)phenyl)propanoic acid 74324-98-4 C15H14O2S
3-(4-(phenylthio)phenyl)propanoic acid
—— N,N-dimethyl-4-(phenylthio)benzylamine 141358-02-3 C15H17NS
N,N-dimethyl-4-(phenylthio)benzylamine
—— 3,5-Dichloro-2-(2,3-dichlorophenylthio)benzoic Acid 94923-37-2 C13H6Cl4O2S
3,5-Dichloro-2-(2,3-dichlorophenylthio)benzoic Acid
—— 1-[6-methyl-4-(4-phenylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-pyrimidin-5-yl]-ethanone 1173658-64-4 C19H18N2OS2
1-[6-methyl-4-(4-phenylsulfanyl-phenyl)-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-pyrimidin-5-yl]-ethanone
—— 3-Chloro-2-(phenylthio)butadiene 85972-11-8 C10H9ClS
3-Chloro-2-(phenylthio)butadiene
—— 1-(butylsulfinyl)-4-isothiocyanatobutane 1414792-97-4 C9H17NOS2
1-(butylsulfinyl)-4-isothiocyanatobutane
—— 2,2-Bis-((E)-5-phenylsulfanyl-pent-3-enyl)-cyclopentanone 225933-30-2 C27H32OS2
2,2-Bis-((E)-5-phenylsulfanyl-pent-3-enyl)-cyclopentanone
—— <i>N</i>-ethyl-2-(4<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)-acetamide 24706-63-6 C6H10N4OS
<i>N</i>-ethyl-2-(4<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)-acetamide
—— 1-(o-Aethylthiobenzyl)-1-methylhydrazin 33390-67-9 C10H16N2S
1-(o-Aethylthiobenzyl)-1-methylhydrazin
—— 1-isothiocyanato-4-(propylsulfinyl)butane 1414791-70-0 C8H15NOS2
1-isothiocyanato-4-(propylsulfinyl)butane
—— 6-[(7H-Purin-6-yl)sulfanyl]-1,2,4-triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione 6143-37-9 C8H5N7O2S
6-[(7H-Purin-6-yl)sulfanyl]-1,2,4-triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione
—— Benzyl-(2-isopropylsulfanyl-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-amine 154496-66-9 C15H19N3S
Benzyl-(2-isopropylsulfanyl-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-amine
—— 4-Butylsulfanylbutan-1-amine 1155979-22-8 C8H19NS
4-Butylsulfanylbutan-1-amine
—— 4-Ethylsulfanyl-butylamine 960495-26-5 C6H15NS
4-Ethylsulfanyl-butylamine
—— 4-Isobutylsulfanyl-butylamine 1157041-58-1 C8H19NS
4-Isobutylsulfanyl-butylamine
—— ethyl(4-isothiocyanatobutyl)sulfane 1414792-60-1 C7H13NS2
ethyl(4-isothiocyanatobutyl)sulfane
—— 1-(ethylsulfinyl)-4-isothiocyanatobutane 1356472-63-3 C7H13NOS2
1-(ethylsulfinyl)-4-isothiocyanatobutane
—— 4-Propylsulfanyl-butylamine 1153080-48-8 C7H17NS
4-Propylsulfanyl-butylamine
—— ((4-isothiocyanatobutyl)sulfinyl)cyclopentane 1414791-79-9 C10H17NOS2
((4-isothiocyanatobutyl)sulfinyl)cyclopentane
—— [4-(2-Hydroxy-ethyl)-5-pyrazin-2-yl-4H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetic acid ethyl ester 717847-09-1 C12H15N5O3S
[4-(2-Hydroxy-ethyl)-5-pyrazin-2-yl-4H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl]-acetic acid ethyl ester
—— isopropyl(4-isothiocyanatobutyl)sulfane 1414792-67-8 C8H15NS2
isopropyl(4-isothiocyanatobutyl)sulfane
—— 1-(isobutylsulfinyl)-4-isothiocyanatobutane 1414791-77-7 C9H17NOS2
1-(isobutylsulfinyl)-4-isothiocyanatobutane
—— 1-(isopropylsulfinyl)-4-isothiocyanatobutane 1414791-73-3 C8H15NOS2
1-(isopropylsulfinyl)-4-isothiocyanatobutane
—— 4-Isopropylsulfanyl-butylamine 1183033-18-2 C7H17NS
4-Isopropylsulfanyl-butylamine
—— 1-(isopropylsulfinyl)-6-isothiocyanatohexane 1414792-11-2 C10H19NOS2
1-(isopropylsulfinyl)-6-isothiocyanatohexane
—— 5-(benzylthio)-1-methyl-tetrazole 56610-79-8 C9H10N4S
5-(benzylthio)-1-methyl-tetrazole
—— 1-(isopropylsulfinyl)-5-isothiocyanatopentane 1414792-08-7 C9H17NOS2
1-(isopropylsulfinyl)-5-isothiocyanatopentane