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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 3,3-Dimethyl-2-(2-methyl-propenylsulfanyl)-but-1-ene 75961-71-6 C10H18S
3,3-Dimethyl-2-(2-methyl-propenylsulfanyl)-but-1-ene
—— 2-Methylthio-3,3-dimethyl-1-buten 24653-47-2 C7H14S
2-Methylthio-3,3-dimethyl-1-buten
—— 5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25-((dimethyl(thiocarbanoyl))oxy)-26,27,28-tris((dimethylcarbamoyl)thio)calix<4>arene 173344-44-0 C56H76N4O4S4
5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25-((dimethyl(thiocarbanoyl))oxy)-26,27,28-tris((dimethylcarbamoyl)thio)calix<4>arene
—— (E)-2,6-Dimethyl-4-methylsulfanyl-hept-3-ene 69769-66-0 C10H20S
(E)-2,6-Dimethyl-4-methylsulfanyl-hept-3-ene
—— (Z)-2,6-Dimethyl-hept-3-ene-4-thiol 145070-75-3 C9H18S
(Z)-2,6-Dimethyl-hept-3-ene-4-thiol
—— methyl 5-[2-(2-[2,2,2-trifluoroethyl]guanidino)pyrid-6-ylthio]valerimidate 84407-41-0 C14H20F3N5OS
methyl 5-[2-(2-[2,2,2-trifluoroethyl]guanidino)pyrid-6-ylthio]valerimidate
—— Bis-isopropyloxycarbonyl-disulfid 26555-54-4 C8H14O4S2
Bis-isopropyloxycarbonyl-disulfid
—— 3-(hexadecane-1-sulfonyl)-2-(hexadecane-1-sulfonylmethyl)-propionic acid 2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-methanesulfonylsulfanylethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl ester 888731-38-2 C49H98O13S4
3-(hexadecane-1-sulfonyl)-2-(hexadecane-1-sulfonylmethyl)-propionic acid 2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-methanesulfonylsulfanylethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl ester
—— 2-<i>tert</i>-butyl-5-methylsulfanyl-2<i>H</i>-tetrazole 59772-98-4 C6H12N4S
2-<i>tert</i>-butyl-5-methylsulfanyl-2<i>H</i>-tetrazole
—— 3-hexadecylsulfonyl-2-hexadecylsulfonylmethyl-propionic acid 2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-methanesulfonylsulfanylethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl ester 1092478-81-3 C49H98O9S4
3-hexadecylsulfonyl-2-hexadecylsulfonylmethyl-propionic acid 2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-methanesulfonylsulfanylethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl ester
—— 2-<(hydroxyethyl)thio>-5-(methylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole 103639-76-5 C5H8N2OS3
2-<(hydroxyethyl)thio>-5-(methylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole
—— 1,1'-Sulfanediylbis(2-chloro-4-isothiocyanatobenzene) 40939-71-7 C14H6Cl2N2S3
1,1'-Sulfanediylbis(2-chloro-4-isothiocyanatobenzene)
—— 1-Chlor-2-methyl-propanthiol-(2) 16621-44-6 C4H9ClS
1-Chlor-2-methyl-propanthiol-(2)
—— ethyl 2-ethoxycarbonyl-3-[3-(trifluoromethylthio)anilino]-2-propenoate 1256932-78-1 C15H16F3NO4S
ethyl 2-ethoxycarbonyl-3-[3-(trifluoromethylthio)anilino]-2-propenoate
—— t-Bu3PN3CH2SPh 354810-30-3 C19H34N3PS
t-Bu3PN3CH2SPh
—— (Z)-1-Cyclohexyl-4-phenylsulfanyl-4-trimethylsilanyl-but-3-en-1-ol 79409-56-6 C19H30OSSi
(Z)-1-Cyclohexyl-4-phenylsulfanyl-4-trimethylsilanyl-but-3-en-1-ol
—— pentakis-methylthio-cyclopentadiene 139494-36-3 C10H16S5
pentakis-methylthio-cyclopentadiene
—— 2,4-dimethyl-5-(methylthio)thiophene-3-carboxaldehyde 63826-99-3 C8H10OS2
2,4-dimethyl-5-(methylthio)thiophene-3-carboxaldehyde
—— (Z)-4-Phenylsulfanyl-1-p-tolyl-4-trimethylsilanyl-but-3-en-1-ol 79409-62-4 C20H26OSSi
(Z)-4-Phenylsulfanyl-1-p-tolyl-4-trimethylsilanyl-but-3-en-1-ol
—— 3-Methyl-5-phenylsulfanylmethyl-4,5-dihydro-isoxazole 101024-68-4 C11H13NOS
3-Methyl-5-phenylsulfanylmethyl-4,5-dihydro-isoxazole
—— 5-Ethylthio-1,2,3-thiadiazol 50473-51-3 C4H6N2S2
5-Ethylthio-1,2,3-thiadiazol
—— (E)-methyl 2-allyl-3-(phenylthio)acrylate 82937-12-0 C13H14O2S
(E)-methyl 2-allyl-3-(phenylthio)acrylate
—— (Z)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-4-phenylsulfanyl-4-trimethylsilanyl-but-3-en-1-ol 79409-61-3 C19H23ClOSSi
(Z)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-4-phenylsulfanyl-4-trimethylsilanyl-but-3-en-1-ol
—— 1-cyclopropyl-2-(phenylthio)pent-4-en-1-one 1589514-40-8 C14H16OS
1-cyclopropyl-2-(phenylthio)pent-4-en-1-one
—— 1-cyclohexyl-2-(phenylthio)pent-4-en-1-one 1589514-41-9 C17H22OS
1-cyclohexyl-2-(phenylthio)pent-4-en-1-one
—— 1-phenyl-4-(phenylthio)hept-6-en-3-one 1589514-36-2 C19H20OS
1-phenyl-4-(phenylthio)hept-6-en-3-one
—— 1-(cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-2-(phenylthio)pent-4-en-1-one 1589514-39-5 C17H20OS
1-(cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-2-(phenylthio)pent-4-en-1-one
—— 2,4-dimethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-5-(methylthio)thiophene 63827-00-9 C8H12OS2
2,4-dimethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-5-(methylthio)thiophene
—— 5-hexyl-2-phenylthiofuran 110363-50-3 C16H20OS
5-hexyl-2-phenylthiofuran
—— 2-[1-Phenylsulfanyl-meth-(E)-ylidene]-pent-4-enoic acid 82937-31-3 C12H12O2S
2-[1-Phenylsulfanyl-meth-(E)-ylidene]-pent-4-enoic acid
—— methyl (Z)-2-((phenylthio)methylene)pent-4-enoate 82937-13-1 C13H14O2S
methyl (Z)-2-((phenylthio)methylene)pent-4-enoate
—— 1-<1-(Phenylthio)-2-propenyl>-2-cyclohexen-1-ol 882971-43-9 C15H18OS
1-<1-(Phenylthio)-2-propenyl>-2-cyclohexen-1-ol
—— 3-ethyl-3-(phenylthio)pentene 77411-96-2 C13H18S
3-ethyl-3-(phenylthio)pentene
—— 1,2-dibromo-3-phenylthiopropane 889451-77-8 C9H10Br2S
1,2-dibromo-3-phenylthiopropane
—— ((S)-1-Isobutyl-2-oxo-3-phenylsulfanyl-hex-5-enyl)-carbamic acid ethyl ester 276679-97-1 C19H27NO3S
((S)-1-Isobutyl-2-oxo-3-phenylsulfanyl-hex-5-enyl)-carbamic acid ethyl ester
—— 2-(1-(phenylthio)but-3-enyl)furan 1382802-20-1 C14H14OS
2-(1-(phenylthio)but-3-enyl)furan
—— 1-(p-tolylsulfanyl)-2-oxaspiro[4.9]tetradecan-3-one 596119-46-9 C20H28O2S
1-(p-tolylsulfanyl)-2-oxaspiro[4.9]tetradecan-3-one
—— (1-(4-chlorophenyl)but-3-enyl)(phenyl)sulfane 1382802-11-0 C16H15ClS
(1-(4-chlorophenyl)but-3-enyl)(phenyl)sulfane
—— Isopropyl-(2-phenylsulfanyl-1-vinyl-but-3-enyl)-amine 225514-16-9 C15H21NS
Isopropyl-(2-phenylsulfanyl-1-vinyl-but-3-enyl)-amine
—— ethyl 2-(phenylthio)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pentenoate 134427-71-7 C14H15F3O2S
ethyl 2-(phenylthio)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pentenoate
—— 3-Phenylsulfanylpropylboronic acid 569370-73-6 C9H13BO2S
3-Phenylsulfanylpropylboronic acid
—— (2-Ethoxy-pent-4-enylsulfanyl)-benzene 89113-75-7 C13H18OS
(2-Ethoxy-pent-4-enylsulfanyl)-benzene
—— 1,4-bis(phenylthio)but-2-ene 49824-79-5 C16H16S2
1,4-bis(phenylthio)but-2-ene
—— 2-methyl-2-(5-phenylpent-1-yn-1-yl)-1,3-dithiane 854171-21-4 C16H20S2
2-methyl-2-(5-phenylpent-1-yn-1-yl)-1,3-dithiane
—— 2-propenethiotrimethylstannane 138535-23-6 C6H14SSn
2-propenethiotrimethylstannane
—— 4,4-dimethyl-5-(phenylthio)-1-pentene 89113-74-6 C13H18S
4,4-dimethyl-5-(phenylthio)-1-pentene
—— S-allyl N-methylthiocarbamate 62604-10-8 C5H9NOS
S-allyl N-methylthiocarbamate
—— 2,2-Dimethylthiet-1,1-dioxid 22525-84-4 C5H8O2S
2,2-Dimethylthiet-1,1-dioxid
—— dimethyl 1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b]1,4-dithiine-2-thione-5,6-dicarboxylate 120385-44-6 C9H6O4S5
dimethyl 1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b]1,4-dithiine-2-thione-5,6-dicarboxylate
—— 2-Methyl-3-(thiophen-2-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid 111190-16-0 C8H10O2S2
2-Methyl-3-(thiophen-2-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid