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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(methoxymethoxy)phenyl]-3,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one —— C19H18O8
    5-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(methoxymethoxy)phenyl]-3,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— N-(3-cyano-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl)-2-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxyacetamide —— C27H22N2O4S
    N-(3-cyano-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl)-2-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxyacetamide
    —— 2-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methoxychromenylium-3,5-diol —— C18H17O7+
    2-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methoxychromenylium-3,5-diol
    —— Apigenin-TMS-ether 18874-97-0 C24H34O5Si3
    Apigenin-TMS-ether
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(3S)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl]-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,6-dimethoxychromen-4-one —— C27H32O8
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(3S)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl]-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,6-dimethoxychromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(3R)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl]-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,6-dimethoxychromen-4-one —— C27H32O8
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(3R)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl]-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,6-dimethoxychromen-4-one
    —— (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[[(2S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxanyl]oxymethyl]-2-oxanyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one —— C28H34O15
    (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[[(2S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxanyl]oxymethyl]-2-oxanyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)chromene-3,4-dione —— C15H10O4
    2-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)chromene-3,4-dione
    —— N'-[(E)-[(3E)-2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-[[4-oxo-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]butanoyl]hydrazono]chroman-4-ylidene]amino]-N-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]butanediamide —— C38H30F6N6O7
    N'-[(E)-[(3E)-2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-[[4-oxo-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]butanoyl]hydrazono]chroman-4-ylidene]amino]-N-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]butanediamide
    —— N'-[[2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-[[4-[2,6-di(propan-2-yl)anilino]-4-oxobutanoyl]hydrazinylidene]chromen-4-ylidene]amino]-N-[2-(2-methylpropyl)-6-propan-2-ylphenyl]butanediamide —— C49H58N6O7
    N'-[[2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-[[4-[2,6-di(propan-2-yl)anilino]-4-oxobutanoyl]hydrazinylidene]chromen-4-ylidene]amino]-N-[2-(2-methylpropyl)-6-propan-2-ylphenyl]butanediamide
    —— (2R,3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C21H22O11
    (2R,3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (Z)-6-ethyl-N-[(Z)-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]amino]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-imine —— C36H32N2O4
    (Z)-6-ethyl-N-[(Z)-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]amino]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-imine
    —— N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrimidin-2-amine —— C19H16N4O
    N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrimidin-2-amine
    —— N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrimidin-2-amine —— C19H16N4O
    N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrimidin-2-amine
    —— 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide —— C21H21N3O3
    2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide
    —— 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide —— C21H21N3O3
    2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide
    —— [amino-[(6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-8-yl)methylsulfanyl]methylidene]azanium —— C18H17N2O2S+
    [amino-[(6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-8-yl)methylsulfanyl]methylidene]azanium
    —— 7-[(2S,3R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C26H30O13
    7-[(2S,3R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C22H22O11
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol —— C22H23O11+
    (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C26H29O15+
    (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O16
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H21O11+
    (2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— 1-methyl-N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrrole-2-carboxamide —— C21H19N3O2
    1-methyl-N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrrole-2-carboxamide
    —— 1-methyl-N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrrole-2-carboxamide —— C21H19N3O2
    1-methyl-N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrrole-2-carboxamide
    —— N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine —— C23H22N4O2
    N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine
    —— N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]quinolin-2-amine —— C27H23N3O2
    N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]quinolin-2-amine
    —— 2,6-dimethyl-N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrimidin-4-amine —— C21H20N4O
    2,6-dimethyl-N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrimidin-4-amine
    —— 2,6-dimethyl-N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrimidin-4-amine —— C21H20N4O
    2,6-dimethyl-N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]pyrimidin-4-amine
    —— 2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide —— C22H22N4O2
    2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-N-[(E)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide
    —— 2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide —— C22H22N4O2
    2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-N-[(E)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]acetamide
    —— 4-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)sulfonylamino]-N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzamide —— C30H27N3O5S
    4-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)sulfonylamino]-N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzamide
    —— (4Z)-4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5-one —— C26H19NO4
    (4Z)-4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5-one
    —— (E)-1-[4-[[2-(furan-2-yl)-7,8-dihydroxy-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl]oxy]phenyl]-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one —— C26H24O8
    (E)-1-[4-[[2-(furan-2-yl)-7,8-dihydroxy-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl]oxy]phenyl]-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one
    —— (E)-2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-3-(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)prop-2-enenitrile —— C25H17N3O
    (E)-2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-3-(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)prop-2-enenitrile
    —— N-[(Z)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]cyclopropanecarboxamide —— C19H18N2O2
    N-[(Z)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]cyclopropanecarboxamide
    —— 9-(2-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H16ClFN4O
    9-(2-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— methyl 2-[(2E)-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate —— C25H25N3O5S
    methyl 2-[(2E)-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate
    —— methyl 2-[(2E)-2-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate —— C24H23N3O4S
    methyl 2-[(2E)-2-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate
    —— (4Z)-4-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene]-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one —— C26H19NO5
    (4Z)-4-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene]-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one
    —— 2-morpholin-4-ylsulfonyl-4-nitro-N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]aniline —— C25H24N4O6S
    2-morpholin-4-ylsulfonyl-4-nitro-N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]aniline
    —— N-[(E)-[6-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]quinazolin-4-amine —— C26H21ClN4O3
    N-[(E)-[6-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]quinazolin-4-amine
    —— N-[(E)-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]amino]quinazolin-4-amine —— C26H22N4O2
    N-[(E)-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]amino]quinazolin-4-amine
    —— N-[(Z)-[6-chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]amino]-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine —— C22H19ClN4O2
    N-[(Z)-[6-chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]amino]-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine
    —— N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine —— C25H22N4O2
    N-[(E)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine
    —— N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetamide —— C21H17F3N4O2
    N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetamide
    —— 7-hydroxy-2-[4-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]chromen-4-one —— C16H10N4O3
    7-hydroxy-2-[4-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 2-[(E,3E)-3-(6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)prop-1-enyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-5-nitroindol-1-ium —— C30H27N2O4+
    2-[(E,3E)-3-(6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)prop-1-enyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-5-nitroindol-1-ium
    —— N-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-nitro-4-[(2E)-2-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)hydrazinyl]benzenesulfonamide —— C27H21ClN4O5S
    N-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-nitro-4-[(2E)-2-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)hydrazinyl]benzenesulfonamide
    —— (E)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one —— C29H36O15
    (E)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one