肉桂醇为白色至微黄色结晶或无色至淡黄色液体。它溶于大多数非挥发性油,难溶于水和石油醚,不溶于甘油和非挥发性油。
天然品以酯的形式存在于秘鲁香脂、肉桂叶、风信子油及苏合香脂中。常作为定香剂、修饰剂使用,并常用与苯乙醛共用调制洋水仙香精、玫瑰香精等花香香料,也可用于配制杏、桃、树莓、李等香型香精、化妆品香精和皂用香精。肉桂醇具有温和、持久而舒适的香气,香味优雅,并且在食品中也有广泛应用,如草莓、柠檬、杏、桃等水果型食用香精和白兰地酒。
化学性质方面,肉桂醇有两种异构体:顺式和反式。反式呈无色或微黄色长型细小针状结晶,有类似风信子与膏香香气,具有甜味,熔点33℃(纯品低于24℃),沸点258℃,闪点126℃,相对密度:(d) 0.979 (25°C),且可经减压精馏得到成品。合成方法多样,包括桂醛还原法和苏合香脂皂化法。
生产方法方面,桂醛还原法首先在1份质量的苄醇中加入0.01份铝屑加热反应,并用异丙醇铝催化,在70~80℃下进行分馏,随后蒸去异丙醇和减压精馏、净化即可得到纯品。另一种苏合香脂皂化法则将含有桂酸桂酯的苏合香脂在等量的10%苛性钠溶液中皂化5h,并用水解产物桂醇及桂酸通过乙醚提取再经减压蒸馏提纯而成。
综上所述,肉桂醇不仅具有独特的香气和定香力,在化妆品、香精及香皂香精中有广泛应用,同时其多种生产方法为工业化大规模生产提供了便利。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
3-苯基丙-2-烯-1-醇 | (2E)-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-ol | 4407-36-7 | C9H10O | 134.178 |
甲基苯乙烯 | 1-propenylbenzene | 873-66-5 | C9H10 | 118.178 |
顺-β-甲基苯乙烯 | cis-1-phenyl-1-propylene | 766-90-5 | C9H10 | 118.178 |
1-丙烯基苯 | 1-phenylpropene | 637-50-3 | C9H10 | 118.178 |
甲酸桂酯 | cinnamyl formate | 104-65-4 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
肉桂酸 | (E)-3-phenylacrylic acid | 140-10-3 | C9H8O2 | 148.161 |
肉桂酸 | Cinnamic acid | 621-82-9 | C9H8O2 | 148.161 |
—— | γ-Phenyl-allylalkohol-methoxy-methylether | 91970-13-7 | C11H14O2 | 178.231 |
桂醛二甲缩醛 | cinnamaldehyde dimethylacetal | 4364-06-1 | C11H14O2 | 178.231 |
肉桂基氯 | cinnamyl chloride | 2687-12-9 | C9H9Cl | 152.623 |
肉桂基氯 | Cinnamyl chloride | 21087-29-6 | C9H9Cl | 152.623 |
肉桂醛 | 3-phenyl-propenal | 104-55-2 | C9H8O | 132.162 |
反式肉桂醛 | (E)-3-phenylpropenal | 14371-10-9 | C9H8O | 132.162 |
乙酸桂酯 | cinnamyl acetate | 103-54-8 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
肉桂基溴 | cinnamyl bromide | 4392-24-9 | C9H9Br | 197.074 |
—— | Cinnamyl bromide | 4392-24-9 | C9H9Br | 197.074 |
—— | trimethylsilyl cinnamyl ether | —— | C12H18OSi | 206.36 |
肉桂酸甲酯 | methyl cinnamate | 103-26-4 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
—— | Methyl cinnamate | 103-26-4 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
4-苯基丁-3-烯醛 | cinnamaldehyde | 6005-76-1 | C10H10O | 146.189 |
苯乙烯 | styrene | 100-42-5 | C8H8 | 104.152 |
—— | allyl 2-phenylethylcarbonate | 92822-58-7 | C13H14O3 | 218.252 |
—— | ethyl cinnamylcarbonate | 86537-61-3 | C12H14O3 | 206.241 |
肉桂酸乙酯 | ethyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate | 103-36-6 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
桂醛乙二缩醛 | 2-((E)-Styryl)-[1,3]dioxolane | 5660-60-6 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
苄叉丙酮 | 1-Phenylbut-1-en-3-one | 122-57-6 | C10H10O | 146.189 |
4-苯基-3-丁烯酸 | styrylacetic acid | 2243-53-0 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
反-苯乙烯乙酸 | (E)-styrylacetic acid | 1914-58-5 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
肉桂酰氯 | cinnamoyl chloride | 102-92-1 | C9H7ClO | 166.607 |
3-苯基-2-丙烯酰氯 | Cinnamoyl chloride | 17082-09-6 | C9H7ClO | 166.607 |
桂酸桂酯 | 3-phenyl-2-propen-1-yl 3-phenylacrylate | 122-69-0 | C18H16O2 | 264.324 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Z)-肉桂醇 | (Z)-cinnamyl alcohol | 4510-34-3 | C9H10O | 134.178 |
(3-甲氧基-1-丙烯基)苯 | 3-methoxy-1-phenylpropene | 16277-67-1 | C10H12O | 148.205 |
—— | (E)-(3-methoxyprop-1-en-1-yl)benzene | 22688-03-5 | C10H12O | 148.205 |
—— | cis-cinnamyl methyl ether | —— | C10H12O | 148.205 |
—— | O-cinnamylhydroxylamine | 133609-18-4 | C9H11NO | 149.192 |
—— | cinnamyl ethyl ether | 1476-07-9 | C11H14O | 162.232 |
—— | dicinnamyl ether | —— | C18H18O | 250.34 |
—— | allyl cinnamyl ether | 56759-11-6 | C12H14O | 174.243 |
—— | ((1E,1'E)-oxybis(prop-1-ene-3,1-diyl))dibenzene | 144759-86-4 | C18H18O | 250.34 |
—— | (E)-(3-(allyloxy)prop-1-en-1-yl)benzene | 80586-92-1 | C12H14O | 174.243 |
1-丙烯基苯 | 1-phenylpropene | 637-50-3 | C9H10 | 118.178 |
甲基苯乙烯 | 1-propenylbenzene | 873-66-5 | C9H10 | 118.178 |
—— | Cinnamyl-vinyl-ether | 940-52-3 | C11H12O | 160.216 |
甲酸桂酯 | cinnamyl formate | 104-65-4 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
—— | propyl 3-phenyl-(E)-2-propenyl ether | 14593-45-4 | C12H16O | 176.258 |
—— | 1-(3-propoxyprop-1-enyl)benzene | 54518-01-3 | C12H16O | 176.258 |
—— | cinnamyl isopropyl ether | 13645-20-0 | C12H16O | 176.258 |
肉桂酸 | Cinnamic acid | 621-82-9 | C9H8O2 | 148.161 |
肉桂酸 | (E)-3-phenylacrylic acid | 140-10-3 | C9H8O2 | 148.161 |
—— | γ-Phenyl-allylalkohol-methoxy-methylether | 91970-13-7 | C11H14O2 | 178.231 |
—— | 1-((E)-3-(methoxymethoxy)prop-1-enyl)benzene | 91970-13-7 | C11H14O2 | 178.231 |
—— | cinnamyl propargyl ether | 110966-13-7 | C12H12O | 172.227 |
2-[(3-苯基丙-2-EN-1-YL)氧代]乙酰腈 | cinnamyloxyacetonitrile | 68060-32-2 | C11H11NO | 173.214 |
—— | bis(3-phenylprop-2-enyloxy)methane | 681295-03-4 | C19H20O2 | 280.367 |
—— | trans-cinnamyl iodide | 82859-39-0 | C9H9I | 244.075 |
反式-1-苯基-1-丁烯 | (E)-1-phenyl-1-butene | 1005-64-7 | C10H12 | 132.205 |
1-苯-1,3-丁二烯 | (E)-1-Phenyl-1,3-butadiene | 16939-57-4 | C10H10 | 130.189 |
—— | (Z)-1-Phenyl-1,3-butadiene | 31915-94-3 | C10H10 | 130.189 |
—— | (3-butoxyprop-1-en-1-yl)benzene | —— | C13H18O | 190.285 |
3-苯基丙-2-烯-1-硫醇 | cinnamyl thiol | 6258-61-3 | C9H10S | 150.244 |
—— | cinnamylamine | 4360-51-4 | C9H11N | 133.193 |
肉桂基氯 | cinnamyl chloride | 2687-12-9 | C9H9Cl | 152.623 |
肉桂基氯 | Cinnamyl chloride | 21087-29-6 | C9H9Cl | 152.623 |
(Z)-肉桂酰氯 | (Z)-cinnamyl chloride | 39199-93-4 | C9H9Cl | 152.623 |
肉桂醛 | 3-phenyl-propenal | 104-55-2 | C9H8O | 132.162 |
(肉)桂腈 | cinnamonitrile | 4360-47-8 | C9H7N | 129.161 |
反式肉桂醛 | (E)-3-phenylpropenal | 14371-10-9 | C9H8O | 132.162 |
反式-肉桂醛 | cinnamaldehyde | 57194-69-1 | C9H8O | 132.162 |
3-苯基丙-2-烯腈 | (Z)-cinnamonitrile | 24840-05-9 | C9H7N | 129.161 |
—— | cinnamyl fluoride | 70353-93-4 | C9H9F | 136.169 |
肉桂酰氟 | [(1E)-3-fluoroprop-1-en-1-yl]benzene | 117969-61-6 | C9H9F | 136.169 |
—— | trans-3-deuterio-1-phenylpropene | 88288-94-2 | C9H10 | 119.17 |
乙酸桂酯 | cinnamyl acetate | 103-54-8 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
乙酸肉桂酯 | Cinnamyl acetate | 21040-45-9 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |
肉桂基溴 | cinnamyl bromide | 4392-24-9 | C9H9Br | 197.074 |
—— | Cinnamyl bromide | 4392-24-9 | C9H9Br | 197.074 |
—— | (Z)-cinnamyl bromide | —— | C9H9Br | 197.074 |
—— | (1E)-1,4-pentadienylbenzene | 55666-17-6 | C11H12 | 144.216 |
—— | 1-phenyl-1,4-pentadiene | —— | C11H12 | 144.216 |
—— | dimethyl-(3-phenyl-allyloxymethyl)-amine | 49804-63-9 | C12H17NO | 191.273 |
—— | n-pentyl cinnamyl ether | 13645-23-3 | C14H20O | 204.312 |
—— | cinnamyl carbamate | 1078-70-2 | C10H11NO2 | 177.203 |
—— | 2-chloro-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-ol | —— | C9H9ClO | 168.623 |
—— | (1E,3E)-1-phenyl-1,3-pentadiene | 3909-96-4 | C11H12 | 144.216 |
—— | (Z)-penta-1,3-dienylbenzene | 39491-56-0 | C11H12 | 144.216 |
—— | trimethylsilyl cinnamyl ether | —— | C12H18OSi | 206.36 |
—— | cinnamyl chloroformate | 103723-91-7 | C10H9ClO2 | 196.633 |
—— | (E)-cinnamyloxytrimethylsilane | 109283-53-6 | C12H18OSi | 206.36 |
1,4-二苯基-1,3丁二烯 | 1,4-Diphenyl-1E,3E-butadiene | 538-81-8 | C16H14 | 206.287 |
1,5-二苯基-1,4-戊二烯 | 1,5-diphenyl-1,4-pentadiene | 52267-15-9 | C17H16 | 220.314 |
—— | 1-pentenylbenzene | 826-18-6 | C11H14 | 146.232 |
1-吗啉代-3-哌嗪-1-基-丙烷-1-酮 | (E)-1-phenyl-1-pentene | 52181-77-8 | C11H14 | 146.232 |
肉桂酸甲酯 | methyl cinnamate | 103-26-4 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
—— | Methyl cinnamate | 103-26-4 | C10H10O2 | 162.188 |
—— | (cinnamyloxy)acetic acid | 111009-36-0 | C11H12O3 | 192.214 |
—— | 2-((3-Phenylallyl)oxy)acetic acid | 70467-00-4 | C11H12O3 | 192.214 |
—— | (cinnamyloxy)acetone | 100702-32-7 | C12H14O2 | 190.242 |
—— | ((1E,4E)-hexa-1,4-dien-1-yl)benzene | 21502-38-5 | C12H14 | 158.243 |
—— | 1-phenyl-3,3-dichloropropene | 29268-75-5 | C9H8Cl2 | 187.069 |
—— | 4-phenylbut-3-enenitrile | 16170-45-9 | C10H9N | 143.188 |
—— | (4-Fluorobut-1-en-1-yl)benzene | 114068-09-6 | C10H11F | 150.196 |
—— | cinnamyl acrylate | 46348-68-9 | C12H12O2 | 188.226 |
—— | N-methylcinnamylamine | 60960-88-5 | C10H13N | 147.22 |
—— | 1-phenyl-1,5-hexadiene | 1009-81-0 | C12H14 | 158.243 |
—— | (E)-1-phenyl-1,5-hexadiene | 56644-04-3 | C12H14 | 158.243 |
—— | 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene | 17329-15-6 | C18H16 | 232.325 |
—— | cinnamyl methyl carbonate | 87802-71-9 | C11H12O3 | 192.214 |
—— | (E)-methyl cinnamyl carbonate | —— | C11H12O3 | 192.214 |
—— | (1E,5E)-1,6-diphenyl-1,5-hexadiene | 58463-02-8 | C18H18 | 234.341 |
—— | 1,6-diphenyl-hexa-1,5-diene | 4439-45-6 | C18H18 | 234.341 |
肉桂醛肟 | cinnamaldoxime | 13372-81-1 | C9H9NO | 147.177 |
—— | 1-ethoxy-1-<(3-phenylprop-2-enyl)oxy>ethane | 20615-52-5 | C13H18O2 | 206.285 |
—— | (1E,3R)-1-phenyl-1,5-hexadien-3-ol | —— | C12H14O | 174.243 |
—— | (S)-1-phenyl-1,5-hexadien-3-ol | 77118-88-8 | C12H14O | 174.243 |
—— | 1-phenylhex-1,5-dien-3-ol | 13891-95-7 | C12H14O | 174.243 |
—— | (R)-(+)-1-phenylhexa-1,5-dien-3-ol | —— | C12H14O | 174.243 |
丙酸桂酯 | cinnamyl propionate | 103-56-0 | C12H14O2 | 190.242 |
丙酸桂酯 | trans-cinnamyl propionate | 78761-38-3 | C12H14O2 | 190.242 |
—— | 4-(cinnamyloxy)butan-2-one | 1251514-42-7 | C13H16O2 | 204.269 |
—— | (2E,4E)-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienenitrile | 14164-31-9 | C11H9N | 155.199 |
—— | 5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienenitrile | 110729-75-4 | C11H9N | 155.199 |
—— | 5-phenyl-2,4-pentadienenitrile | 14164-31-9 | C11H9N | 155.199 |
苯乙烯 | styrene | 100-42-5 | C8H8 | 104.152 |
—— | Cinnamylchloracetat | 104023-33-8 | C11H11ClO2 | 210.66 |
—— | (E)-(4-methylpent-1-en-1-yl)benzene | 75437-07-9 | C12H16 | 160.259 |
—— | ethyl cinnamylcarbonate | 86537-61-3 | C12H14O3 | 206.241 |
—— | dicinnamyl carbonate | —— | C19H18O3 | 294.35 |
—— | allyl 2-phenylethylcarbonate | 92822-58-7 | C13H14O3 | 218.252 |
—— | ethyl (E)-3-phenyl-2-propenyl carbonate | 106625-69-8 | C12H14O3 | 206.241 |
肉桂酸乙酯 | ethyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate | 103-36-6 | C11H12O2 | 176.215 |