黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | (E)-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl-3-(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)prop-2-enenitrile | —— | C25H19NO3S |
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—— | [4-[(4aS,9aS)-6-(2-chloroacetyl)oxy-5-methylspiro[2,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthene-9,1'-cyclohexane]-4a-yl]-3-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl] 2-chloroacetate | —— | C30H34Cl2O6 |
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—— | [4-[(4aR,9aS)-6-(2-chloroacetyl)oxy-5-methylspiro[2,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthene-9,1'-cyclohexane]-4a-yl]-3-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl] 2-chloroacetate | —— | C30H34Cl2O6 |
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—— | (5Z)-3-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-5-[(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C24H17NO3S2 |
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—— | (5E)-2-(2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl)-5-[(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]-1,3-thiazol-4-one | —— | C25H24N2O3S |
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—— | (5Z)-5-[(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one | —— | C19H13NO2S2 |
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—— | [4-[(4aS,9aR)-6-(2-chloroacetyl)oxy-5-methylspiro[2,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthene-9,1'-cyclohexane]-4a-yl]-3-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl] 2-chloroacetate | —— | C30H34Cl2O6 |
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—— | (E)-3-(2-phenyl-2H-chromen-3-yl)-2-(piperidine-1-carbonyl)prop-2-enenitrile | —— | C24H22N2O2 |
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—— | [4-[(4aR,9aR)-6-(2-chloroacetyl)oxy-5-methylspiro[2,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthene-9,1'-cyclohexane]-4a-yl]-3-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl] 2-chloroacetate | —— | C30H34Cl2O6 |
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—— | 1-[2,4-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,4R)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]phenyl]dodecan-1-one | —— | C33H40O6 |
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—— | 1-[2,4-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,4R)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]phenyl]dodecan-1-one | —— | C33H40O6 |
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—— | 1-[2,4-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,4S)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]phenyl]dodecan-1-one | —— | C33H40O6 |
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—— | 1-[2,4-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,4S)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]phenyl]dodecan-1-one | —— | C33H40O6 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O15 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O15 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O15 |
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—— | (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-3H-chromen-4-one | —— | C15H12O4 |
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—— | 1-O-benzyl 2-O-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl) pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate | —— | C28H23NO7 |
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—— | N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]acetamide | —— | C24H20F3N3O2 |
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—— | 4-[(3aS,9aR)-7-bromo-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-6-bromo-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol | —— | C24H26Br2O4 |
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—— | 4-[(3aS,9aS)-7-bromo-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-6-bromo-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol | —— | C24H26Br2O4 |
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—— | 4-[(3aR,9aS)-7-bromo-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-6-bromo-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol | —— | C24H26Br2O4 |
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—— | N-[(E)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]-4-[(5-phenyltetrazol-2-yl)methyl]benzamide | —— | C30H24N6O2 |
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—— | 3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C22H20O11 |
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—— | N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-5-nitro-2-[(2Z)-2-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)hydrazinyl]benzenesulfonamide | —— | C29H26N4O5S |
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—— | methyl 2-[(2E)-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate | —— | C25H25N3O5S |
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—— | methyl (1R,9R)-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-methyl-8-oxa-10-azatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]trideca-2,4,6,11-tetraene-12-carboxylate | —— | C20H18ClNO3 |
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—— | N-[(Z)-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxamide | —— | C23H18N2O4 |
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—— | N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-nitro-2-[(2Z)-2-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)hydrazinyl]benzenesulfonamide | —— | C28H24N4O6S |
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—— | methyl 2-[(2E)-2-[6-chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate | —— | C23H20ClN3O4S |
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—— | N-[(E)-[6-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine | —— | C25H21ClN4O3 |
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—— | N-[(E)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine | —— | C26H24N4O3 |
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—— | (2S,3E)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one | —— | C23H16N4O2 |
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—— | (2R,3E)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one | —— | C23H16N4O2 |
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—— | (3Z)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one | —— | C23H15F3O2 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O15 |
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—— | 7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O16 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | (2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C27H32O14 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O14 |
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—— | (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C27H32O14 |
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—— | 1-[4-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one | —— | C28H36O15 |
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—— | 7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O15 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | (2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C27H32O15 |
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—— | 8-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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