黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | ethyl 2-[[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carbonyl]amino]acetate | —— | C25H25NO12 |
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—— | (2S,3E)-3-[(2,3-dichlorophenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C22H14Cl2O2 |
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—— | 6-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O13 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O16 |
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—— | (2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C27H32O14 |
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—— | 6-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O13 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O16 |
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—— | (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-[[(2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-yl]oxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C20H22O10 |
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—— | (2R,3S,4S,5S)-2-[[(2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-yl]oxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C20H22O10 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O16 |
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—— | 3-methyl-8-[(4R)-4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-5-carbonyl]-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C25H21NO3S |
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—— | 3-methyl-8-[(4S)-4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-5-carbonyl]-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C25H21NO3S |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,5,7-tetrol | —— | C15H14O6 |
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—— | (2R,3S)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C15H12O5 |
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—— | (2R,3E)-3-[(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C22H14ClNO4 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | N-[4-[(E)-2-amino-1-cyanoprop-1-enyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide | —— | C24H18N4O3S |
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—— | (2S)-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | (2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | (2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | (3S)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-11H-pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole-5-carboxamide | —— | C35H24ClFN2O3 |
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—— | (3R)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-11H-pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole-5-carboxamide | —— | C35H24ClFN2O3 |
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—— | (2S,3S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C26H30O11 |
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—— | (2S)-2-[4-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2S,3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C26H30O13 |
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—— | 8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O14 |
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—— | 8-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O14 |
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—— | (2S)-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2S,3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C26H30O13 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O15 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-6-[[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O15 |
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—— | (2S,3S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C26H30O11 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | (2R,3R,7R)-3-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrofuro[3,2-g]chromen-5-one | —— | C20H20O6 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O17 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O17 |
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—— | (2S,3S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O11 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O12 |
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—— | (2S,3S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O11 |
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—— | (2S,3S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O11 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O12 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 6-methyl-3-[2-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4H-1,2,4-triazin-5-one | —— | C19H17N5O2 |
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—— | 4-oxo-N-[(Z)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]-3H-phthalazine-1-carboxamide | —— | C24H18N4O3 |
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—— | 6-methyl-3-[2-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-4H-1,2,4-triazin-5-one | —— | C19H17N5O2 |
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