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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— tert-butyl N-[4-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-phenylmethoxychromen-7-yl]methyl]cyclohexyl]carbamate 1372989-69-9 C43H47NO8
    tert-butyl N-[4-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-phenylmethoxychromen-7-yl]methyl]cyclohexyl]carbamate
    —— 7-Cyclohexyl-2-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylmethoxychromen-4-one 1372989-66-6 C37H36O6
    7-Cyclohexyl-2-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylmethoxychromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl (2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 59282-55-2 C30H26O12
    (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-8-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl (2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— naringenin 120980-69-0 C16H14O4
    naringenin
    —— 2-phenyl-3-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)-4H-chromen-4-one 1382310-08-8 C18H12O3
    2-phenyl-3-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3-bromophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one 120980-78-1 C15H11BrO4
    2-(3-bromophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 3,7-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one 1310461-33-6 C25H26O4
    3,7-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 3-hydroxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one 1310461-32-5 C20H18O4
    3-hydroxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 3'-fluoro-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone 120980-74-7 C15H11FO4
    3'-fluoro-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone
    —— 2'-fluoro-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone 120980-75-8 C15H11FO4
    2'-fluoro-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone
    —— 5-hydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6,7-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one 1310461-27-8 C30H34O5
    5-hydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6,7-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-bromophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one 120980-77-0 C15H11BrO4
    2-(4-bromophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 2',4'-dichloro-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone 404335-98-4 C15H10Cl2O4
    2',4'-dichloro-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone
    —— 3'-chloro-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone 120980-76-9 C15H11ClO4
    3'-chloro-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone
    —— 4'-hydroxy-7-O-prenylflavanone 78316-26-4 C20H20O4
    4'-hydroxy-7-O-prenylflavanone
    —— 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 26207-65-8 C15H11ClO4
    2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2'-bromo-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone 120980-79-2 C15H11BrO4
    2'-bromo-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone
    —— 3-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4(8H)-one 1310461-37-0 C20H18O4
    3-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4(8H)-one
    —— 7-hydroxy-2-<i>p</i>-tolyl-chroman-4-one 36745-32-1 C16H14O3
    7-hydroxy-2-<i>p</i>-tolyl-chroman-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-6,7-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one 1310461-25-6 C25H26O5
    5-hydroxy-6,7-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 5-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methoxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one 1192136-08-5 C23H23ClO6
    5-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methoxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 5-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-3-methoxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 1192136-02-9 C25H28O8
    5-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-3-methoxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-3-methoxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one 1192136-07-4 C18H15ClO6
    2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-3-methoxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-3-methoxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 1192136-01-8 C20H20O8
    5-hydroxy-3-methoxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 6-[9-(dimethylamino)nonoxy]-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 139652-11-2 C26H33NO3
    6-[9-(dimethylamino)nonoxy]-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate 124643-33-0 C16H11F3O4S
    2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate
    —— 7-(3-bromo-propoxy)-3',5'-dimethoxy-flavone 883242-83-9 C20H19BrO5
    7-(3-bromo-propoxy)-3',5'-dimethoxy-flavone
    —— 7-(3-bromopropoxy)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 191936-17-1 C18H14BrClO3
    7-(3-bromopropoxy)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 3',5'-dimethoxy-7-hydroxy-flavone 883242-53-3 C17H14O5
    3',5'-dimethoxy-7-hydroxy-flavone
    —— 8-(Acetyloxy)-7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 132351-59-8 C17H12O5
    8-(Acetyloxy)-7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 7-(3-bromopropoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 883242-84-0 C20H19BrO5
    7-(3-bromopropoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 7-(3-bromopropoxy)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one 191936-16-0 C18H15BrO3
    7-(3-bromopropoxy)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— [6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 205534-17-4 C39H32O14
    [6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— (R)-6-methoxy-3-nitro-2-phenyl-2H-chromene 1162662-48-7 C16H13NO4
    (R)-6-methoxy-3-nitro-2-phenyl-2H-chromene
    —— (Z)-4',6-Dihydroxyaurone 6-glucoside 20550-08-7 C21H20O9
    (Z)-4',6-Dihydroxyaurone 6-glucoside
    —— Kaempferol 3-(3'',6''-diacetyl-2'',4''-di-p-coumaroylrhamnoside) 94474-72-3 C43H36O17
    Kaempferol 3-(3'',6''-diacetyl-2'',4''-di-p-coumaroylrhamnoside)
    —— (3S)-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(3S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol 603133-91-1 C21H24O11
    (3S)-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(3S,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
    —— Kaempferol 3-(2'''-caffeoylsophoroside) 7-cellobioside 220342-45-0 C48H56O29
    Kaempferol 3-(2'''-caffeoylsophoroside) 7-cellobioside
    —— Precarthamin 102716-32-5 C21H24O11
    Precarthamin
    —— 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-5,7-diol 54542-60-8 C28H33O14+
    3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-5,7-diol
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-[[3-O-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-1-benzopyrylium 717816-13-2 C30H27O14+
    5,7-Dihydroxy-3-[[3-O-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-1-benzopyrylium
    —— Flavonol base + 3O, O-Hex-Hex, O-Hex-Hex-Feruloyl 220342-44-9 C49H58O29
    Flavonol base + 3O, O-Hex-Hex, O-Hex-Hex-Feruloyl
    —— Cyanidin 3-O-[b-D-Glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-[3,4-dihydroxy-E-cinnamoyl-(->6)]-b-D-glucopyranoside] 5-glucoside 185044-12-6 C42H47O24+
    Cyanidin 3-O-[b-D-Glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-[3,4-dihydroxy-E-cinnamoyl-(->6)]-b-D-glucopyranoside] 5-glucoside
    —— 8-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-benzo[1,2-b:5,4-b']dipyran-6-one, 9CI 54835-66-4 C30H32O6
    8-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-benzo[1,2-b:5,4-b']dipyran-6-one, 9CI
    —— Awobannin 64615-55-0 C36H37O19+
    Awobannin
    —— Cyanidin 3-(3-glucosyl-6-malonylglucoside) 4'-glucoside 651768-27-3 C38H47O22+
    Cyanidin 3-(3-glucosyl-6-malonylglucoside) 4'-glucoside
    —— 6''-O-Caffeoylastragalin 190328-43-9 C30H26O14
    6''-O-Caffeoylastragalin
    —— 3-[[O-6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 197294-29-4 C43H48O25
    3-[[O-6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— Flavone base + 4O, C-Hex-FeruloylHex 220948-75-4 C37H38O19
    Flavone base + 4O, C-Hex-FeruloylHex
    —— 2,2-diphenyl-2H-benzo[h]chromene 856-94-0 C25H18O
    2,2-diphenyl-2H-benzo[h]chromene