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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— kaempferol-3-O-(2''-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside 76343-90-3 C28H24O15
    kaempferol-3-O-(2''-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— Astralgin 480-10-4 C21H20O11
    Astralgin
    —— 3',4',5,7-tetra-O-acetylquercetin 3-O-(2'',3'',4'',6''-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) 18705-98-1 C37H36O20
    3',4',5,7-tetra-O-acetylquercetin 3-O-(2'',3'',4'',6''-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside)
    —— isoquercitrin 3'',6''-diacetate 743434-65-3 C25H24O14
    isoquercitrin 3'',6''-diacetate
    —— 3-ethyl-4-methyl-8-phenyl-8,9-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-2,10-dione 1447962-85-7 C21H18O4
    3-ethyl-4-methyl-8-phenyl-8,9-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-2,10-dione
    —— 6''-O-<2-(methoxycarbonyl)acetyl>isoquercitrin 153874-66-9 C25H24O15
    6''-O-<2-(methoxycarbonyl)acetyl>isoquercitrin
    —— quercetin-3-O-α-L-pyranoside 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    quercetin-3-O-α-L-pyranoside
    —— isoquercitrin 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    isoquercitrin
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— Hirsutrin 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    Hirsutrin
    —— Quercetin-galactosid 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    Quercetin-galactosid
    —— quercetin-3-O-(6-O-feruloyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-(12)-b-D-galactopyranosyl-(12)-b-D-glucopyranoside 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    quercetin-3-O-(6-O-feruloyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-(12)-b-D-galactopyranosyl-(12)-b-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 8-methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-4-one 108840-73-9 C16H14O2
    8-methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-4-one
    —— 3-methoxy-8-allyl-3'-trifluoromethylflavone 600151-86-8 C20H15F3O3
    3-methoxy-8-allyl-3'-trifluoromethylflavone
    —— 8-nitro-2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 1219446-41-9 C16H8F3NO4
    8-nitro-2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— Kaempferol 3,4'-diglucoside 71939-16-7 C27H30O16
    Kaempferol 3,4'-diglucoside
    —— 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2H-chromene 1346936-76-2 C16H12O3
    2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2H-chromene
    —— 1-Benzopyrylium, 3-[[6-O-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-4-O-[3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- 131189-51-0 C39H43O20+
    1-Benzopyrylium, 3-[[6-O-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-4-O-[3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-
    —— 4,6-dichloro-2-(4-methyl phenyl)-2H-3-chromenecarbaldehyde 373357-17-6 C17H12Cl2O2
    4,6-dichloro-2-(4-methyl phenyl)-2H-3-chromenecarbaldehyde
    —— 4,6-dichloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2H-3-chromenecarbaldehyde 373357-16-5 C18H14Cl2O4
    4,6-dichloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2H-3-chromenecarbaldehyde
    —— 4-chloro-2-(4-methyl phenyl)-2H-3-chromene carbaldehyde 373357-13-2 C17H13ClO2
    4-chloro-2-(4-methyl phenyl)-2H-3-chromene carbaldehyde
    —— 4,6-dichloro-2-phenyl-2H-3-chromene carbaldehyde 373357-14-3 C16H10Cl2O2
    4,6-dichloro-2-phenyl-2H-3-chromene carbaldehyde
    —— 4,8-dichloro-2-(4-methyl phenyl)-2H-3-chromenecarbaldehyde 373357-18-7 C17H12Cl2O2
    4,8-dichloro-2-(4-methyl phenyl)-2H-3-chromenecarbaldehyde
    —— linderatone 98155-84-1 C25H28O4
    linderatone
    —— 4-Oxo-2-[4-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzoylamino)-phenyl]-4H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester 132018-27-0 C27H23NO8
    4-Oxo-2-[4-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzoylamino)-phenyl]-4H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester
    —— 7-Chloro-3-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one 111391-80-1 C17H13ClO4
    7-Chloro-3-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one
    —— 7-Bromo-2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-methoxy-chromen-4-one 132020-49-6 C16H11BrO4
    7-Bromo-2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-methoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 4-methyl-7-hydroxyflavylium 54157-44-7 C16H13O2
    4-methyl-7-hydroxyflavylium
    —— Peonidin 3-sophoroside 5-glucoside 79549-69-2 C34H43O21+
    Peonidin 3-sophoroside 5-glucoside
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hexyl-5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one 134081-41-7 C23H26O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hexyl-5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-3-tetradecyl-chromen-4-one 134081-53-1 C31H42O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-3-tetradecyl-chromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3R)-3-acetoxy-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanone 62458-55-3 C17H14O7
    (2R,3R)-3-acetoxy-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanone
    —— 3-Decyl-2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,6,7-trimethoxy-chromen-4-one 134081-35-9 C28H36O7
    3-Decyl-2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,6,7-trimethoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hexadecyl-5,6,7-trimethoxy-chromen-4-one 134081-38-2 C34H48O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hexadecyl-5,6,7-trimethoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hexadecyl-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one 134081-54-2 C33H46O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hexadecyl-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-3-tetradecyl-chromen-4-one 134081-45-1 C31H42O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-3-tetradecyl-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hexyl-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one 134081-49-5 C23H26O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hexyl-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 3-hexyl-3',4'-dihydroxy-5,7,8-trimethoxyflavone 134081-25-7 C24H28O7
    3-hexyl-3',4'-dihydroxy-5,7,8-trimethoxyflavone
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,6,7-trimethoxy-3-tetradecyl-chromen-4-one 134081-37-1 C32H44O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,6,7-trimethoxy-3-tetradecyl-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hexyl-5,6,7-trimethoxy-chromen-4-one 134081-33-7 C24H28O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hexyl-5,6,7-trimethoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-3-octyl-chromen-4-one 134081-50-8 C25H30O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-3-octyl-chromen-4-one
    —— 7,7'-Dihydroxy-5,6,5',6'-tetramethoxy-2,2'-diphenyl-[8,8']bichromenyl-4,4'-dione 135308-86-0 C34H26O10
    7,7'-Dihydroxy-5,6,5',6'-tetramethoxy-2,2'-diphenyl-[8,8']bichromenyl-4,4'-dione
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,6,7-trimethoxy-3-octyl-chromen-4-one 134081-34-8 C26H32O7
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,6,7-trimethoxy-3-octyl-chromen-4-one
    —— 5-Amino-2-(3,5-dimethoxy)phenyl-4H-benzopyran-4-one 130599-92-7 C17H15NO4
    5-Amino-2-(3,5-dimethoxy)phenyl-4H-benzopyran-4-one
    —— gossypetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside 135010-45-6 C27H28O19
    gossypetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside
    —— 2-(4-Amino-2-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylchromen-4-one 1388722-87-9 C17H14ClNO2
    2-(4-Amino-2-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylchromen-4-one
    —— N-(3-chloro-4-(6-ethyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenyl)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)acetamide 1388723-04-3 C25H19ClFNO3
    N-(3-chloro-4-(6-ethyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)phenyl)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)acetamide
    —— 4-acetoxy-2-methyl-2-phenylbenzopyran 157462-03-8 C18H16O3
    4-acetoxy-2-methyl-2-phenylbenzopyran
    —— 2-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzopyran-3,4-dione 157462-05-0 C16H12O3
    2-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzopyran-3,4-dione
    —— Apigenin-7-o-glucuronide —— C21H18O11
    Apigenin-7-o-glucuronide