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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 6-fluoro-4'-aminoflavone 1147337-17-4 C15H10FNO2
    6-fluoro-4'-aminoflavone
    —— 6-fluoro-4'-dimethylaminoflavone 2343-07-9 C17H14FNO2
    6-fluoro-4'-dimethylaminoflavone
    —— 4'-methoxy-6-methylflavone oxime 115663-23-5 C17H15NO3
    4'-methoxy-6-methylflavone oxime
    —— 3,4'-di-O-methyl-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)kaempferol 55929-05-0 C22H22O6
    3,4'-di-O-methyl-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)kaempferol
    —— 2,3,8,9-tetramethoxy-6-(3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-6H-benzo[c]chromene 1569315-59-8 C25H26O6
    2,3,8,9-tetramethoxy-6-(3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-6H-benzo[c]chromene
    —— 3-acetoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavone 132351-61-2 C17H12O6
    3-acetoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavone
    —— 3,5,7-triacetoxyflavone 113163-70-5 C21H16O8
    3,5,7-triacetoxyflavone
    —— rac-4β-Hydroxyobovatachromen 76265-10-6 C21H22O6
    rac-4β-Hydroxyobovatachromen
    —— 5-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-4H,8H-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b’]dipyran-4-one 119309-04-5 C22H20O5
    5-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-4H,8H-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b’]dipyran-4-one
    —— racemoflavone dimethyl ether 128595-68-6 C23H22O6
    racemoflavone dimethyl ether
    —— 4β-carboxymethyl-(-)-epicatechin methyl ester 126722-60-9 C18H18O8
    4β-carboxymethyl-(-)-epicatechin methyl ester
    —— 4,5'-bis(benzyloxy)-2',5'-dimethoxy-2",2"-dimethyldihydropyrano<5",6"-g>flavanone 117155-31-4 C36H36O7
    4,5'-bis(benzyloxy)-2',5'-dimethoxy-2",2"-dimethyldihydropyrano<5",6"-g>flavanone
    —— [2-(6-Methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-phenylbenzenesulfonate 1099682-17-3 C32H22O6S
    [2-(6-Methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-phenylbenzenesulfonate
    —— 2-(3,4-bis-benzyloxyphenyl)-8-C-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 381686-10-8 C64H58O11
    2-(3,4-bis-benzyloxyphenyl)-8-C-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— (2R,3R)-7-(methoxymethoxy)-2-(4-methoxy-3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-5-phenylmethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-ol 1365537-14-9 C32H32O7
    (2R,3R)-7-(methoxymethoxy)-2-(4-methoxy-3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-5-phenylmethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-ol
    —— 8-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 6980-41-2 C22H22O11
    8-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-bis-benzyloxyphenyl)-8-C-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 381686-11-9 C65H60O11
    2-(3,4-bis-benzyloxyphenyl)-8-C-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 7-[2-{4-[(2,3,4-Trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-piperazinyl}-2-oxoethoxy]-5-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-3'-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy)flavone 123580-46-1 C36H40N2O12
    7-[2-{4-[(2,3,4-Trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-piperazinyl}-2-oxoethoxy]-5-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-3'-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy)flavone
    —— 3'-O-(carboxymethyl)diosmetin 123580-43-8 C18H14O8
    3'-O-(carboxymethyl)diosmetin
    —— Tert-butyl 4-[2-[2-[3-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy)-4-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyacetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate 930774-56-4 C31H36N2O11
    Tert-butyl 4-[2-[2-[3-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy)-4-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyacetyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-3'-(ethoxycarbonylmethoxy)-4'-methoxyflavone 123580-44-9 C20H18O8
    5,7-dihydroxy-3'-(ethoxycarbonylmethoxy)-4'-methoxyflavone
    —— 2-(4-amino-3-nitrophenyl)7,8-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one 460744-19-8 C17H14N2O6
    2-(4-amino-3-nitrophenyl)7,8-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)-7,8-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one 460744-25-6 C18H14N2O4
    2-(1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)-7,8-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— N-[4-(7,8-dimethoxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-2-nitrophenyl]acetamide 460744-17-6 C19H16N2O7
    N-[4-(7,8-dimethoxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-2-nitrophenyl]acetamide
    —— Sorbarin 24512-68-3 C21H20O10
    Sorbarin
    —— [(2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] cyclohexanecarboxylate 224441-60-5 C22H24O8
    [(2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] cyclohexanecarboxylate
    —— 8,14-Methano-2H,14H-1-benzopyrano[7,8-d][1,3]benzodioxocin-3,5,11,13,15-pentol, 2,8-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-, (2R,3R,8R,14S,15S)- 111466-30-9 C30H24O12
    8,14-Methano-2H,14H-1-benzopyrano[7,8-d][1,3]benzodioxocin-3,5,11,13,15-pentol, 2,8-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-, (2R,3R,8R,14S,15S)-
    —— (1R,3S,6R,7S)-3-hydroxy-10-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3S)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl]-4-oxatricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]dec-8-en-2-one —— C25H22O10
    (1R,3S,6R,7S)-3-hydroxy-10-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3S)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl]-4-oxatricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]dec-8-en-2-one
    —— N-{[(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy]acetyl}-L-alanine 1141487-76-4 C20H17NO7
    N-{[(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy]acetyl}-L-alanine
    —— 3-ethyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4<i>H</i>-chromene-8-carbonyl chloride 6608-29-3 C18H13ClO3
    3-ethyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4<i>H</i>-chromene-8-carbonyl chloride
    —— 3-ethyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4<i>H</i>-chromene-8-carboxylic acid 6608-28-2 C18H14O4
    3-ethyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4<i>H</i>-chromene-8-carboxylic acid
    —— sophoraflavone G 1049662-29-4 C25H28O6
    sophoraflavone G
    —— N-[(2-Diethylamino-1-methyl)ethyl]-3-ethylflavone-8-carboxamide 92628-07-4 C25H30N2O3
    N-[(2-Diethylamino-1-methyl)ethyl]-3-ethylflavone-8-carboxamide
    —— 2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-7,8-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one 460744-51-8 C18H16O6
    2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-7,8-dimethoxy-chromen-4-one
    —— proanthocyanidin A5' 111466-30-9 C30H24O12
    proanthocyanidin A5'
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-6-(sulfooxy)- 47363-07-5 C15H10O8S
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-6-(sulfooxy)-
    —— 2-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-8-nitro-4H-chromen-4-one 372102-11-9 C16H10FNO6
    2-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-8-nitro-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— Cyclocommunin 145682-71-9 C25H24O6
    Cyclocommunin
    —— 6-methoxyquercetin 3-galactoside 35399-34-9 C22H22O13
    6-methoxyquercetin 3-galactoside
    —— 6-Fluor-4'-methoxy-flavanon 845-12-5 C16H13FO3
    6-Fluor-4'-methoxy-flavanon
    —— 3-Ethyl-7-hydroxy-8-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-2-phenylchromen-4-one;hydrochloride 67238-80-6 C22H24ClNO4
    3-Ethyl-7-hydroxy-8-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-2-phenylchromen-4-one;hydrochloride
    —— Einecs 216-889-5 1692-45-1 C30H24N2O2
    Einecs 216-889-5
    —— Patuletin-7-diglucoside 70288-92-5 C28H32O18
    Patuletin-7-diglucoside
    —— 3-hydroxy-2-phenyl-chromenylium; perchlorate 7249-10-7 C15H11O2*ClO4
    3-hydroxy-2-phenyl-chromenylium; perchlorate
    —— Flavanone hydrazone 1692-46-2 C15H14N2O
    Flavanone hydrazone
    —— 8-[(2S,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one 1414943-37-5 C30H20O11
    8-[(2S,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 13-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-16-methoxy-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.05,10.015,20]henicosa-2(11),5,7,9,15(20),16,18-heptaen-3-one 78490-18-3 C25H18O6
    13-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-16-methoxy-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.05,10.015,20]henicosa-2(11),5,7,9,15(20),16,18-heptaen-3-one
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 7-((2(or 6)-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 79080-62-9 C23H24O12
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 7-((2(or 6)-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-
    —— Heliosin 72746-38-4 C27H30O17
    Heliosin
    —— 4'-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3,4,2',5'-tetrahydroxy-<i>trans</i>-chalcone 72241-26-0 C21H22O11
    4'-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3,4,2',5'-tetrahydroxy-<i>trans</i>-chalcone