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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 1192136-15-4 C22H21ClO5
    2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 5-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one 1192136-14-3 C22H21ClO5
    5-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— ethyl [(6-chloro-4-oxo-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]acetate 877274-82-3 C20H17ClO5
    ethyl [(6-chloro-4-oxo-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy]acetate
    —— (S)-2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 3489-11-0 C16H14O2
    (S)-2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 6-methyl-2-phenylchroman-4-one 1101612-59-2 C16H14O2
    6-methyl-2-phenylchroman-4-one
    —— (8S)-2-(methoxymethyl)-N,N,3-trimethyl-8-(2-methylphenyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydrochromeno[7,8-d]imidazole-5-carboxamide 1224893-70-2 C23H27N3O3
    (8S)-2-(methoxymethyl)-N,N,3-trimethyl-8-(2-methylphenyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydrochromeno[7,8-d]imidazole-5-carboxamide
    —— (8S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-N,N,3-trimethyl-8-(2-methylphenyl)-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrano[2,3-e]benzimidazole-5-carboxamide 1172118-69-2 C22H25N3O3
    (8S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-N,N,3-trimethyl-8-(2-methylphenyl)-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrano[2,3-e]benzimidazole-5-carboxamide
    —— (8S)-2-(chloromethyl)-N,N,3-trimethyl-8-(2-methylphenyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydrochromeno[7,8-d]imidazole-5-carboxamide 1224893-69-9 C22H24ClN3O2
    (8S)-2-(chloromethyl)-N,N,3-trimethyl-8-(2-methylphenyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydrochromeno[7,8-d]imidazole-5-carboxamide
    —— (2S)-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C27H32O14
    (2S)-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (-)-7-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)-phenyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-1-benzopyran 361390-52-5 C29H28F3NO4
    (-)-7-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)-phenyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-1-benzopyran
    —— Ethyl 2-[4-(5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl]acetate 155938-27-5 C21H20O4
    Ethyl 2-[4-(5,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenyl]acetate
    —— (R)-8-ethoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene 1384933-61-2 C17H14FNO4
    (R)-8-ethoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-4,5,7-triol 24897-98-1 C15H14O6
    (2S,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-4,5,7-triol
    —— Epiluteoforol 1031743-62-0 C15H14O6
    Epiluteoforol
    —— 7-Hydroxy-3-phenyl-1H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran-1-one 86247-95-2 C19H12O3
    7-Hydroxy-3-phenyl-1H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran-1-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-{[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}chromen-4-one —— C20H18O11
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-{[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}chromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C21H22O10
    (2R,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— Ouratea proanthocyanidin A 18206-61-6 C31H28O12
    Ouratea proanthocyanidin A
    —— 3,5,8-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C21H20O11
    3,5,8-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— (2R)-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C28H34O15
    (2R)-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— neoastilbin —— C21H22O11
    neoastilbin
    —— Cyanidin 3-(6''-acetyl-galactoside) 350602-26-5 C23H23O12+
    Cyanidin 3-(6''-acetyl-galactoside)
    —— Meratin 27215-04-9 C27H30O17
    Meratin
    —— 3-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 55804-74-5 C33H40O19
    3-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, 6'-ester with 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, (E)- 56343-26-1 C30H26O14
    2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, 6'-ester with 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, (E)-
    —— Axillarin 7-glucoside 41749-40-0 C23H24O13
    Axillarin 7-glucoside
    —— Cyanidin 3-(6''-succinyl-glucoside) 216692-08-9 C25H25O14+
    Cyanidin 3-(6''-succinyl-glucoside)
    —— (2R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C27H32O15
    (2R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[2-O-[6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 220948-74-3 C36H36O18
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[2-O-[6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-6-[2-O-[6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 220948-77-6 C37H38O18
    5,7-Dihydroxy-6-[2-O-[6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 2"-O-Glucosylrutin 55696-55-4 C33H40O21
    2"-O-Glucosylrutin
    —— Myricetin-3-O-robinoside 145544-43-0 C27H30O17
    Myricetin-3-O-robinoside
    —— [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 185044-12-6 C42H47O24+
    [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 3'-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin-5-O-glucuronide 223614-71-9 C22H24O12
    3'-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin-5-O-glucuronide
    —— Dihydroergotoxine mesylate, esculoside, rutoside drug combination 61498-93-9 C78H91N5O33S
    Dihydroergotoxine mesylate, esculoside, rutoside drug combination
    —— Isorhamnetin-3-O-rhamnosyl(1-2)glucoside 64812-31-3 C28H32O16
    Isorhamnetin-3-O-rhamnosyl(1-2)glucoside
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 7-[(4-O-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-3-[[2-O-[2-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 220342-44-9 C49H58O29
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 7-[(4-O-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-3-[[2-O-[2-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-
    —— 3-[(2-O-I(2)-D-Glucopyranosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 259234-18-9 C29H34O17
    3-[(2-O-I(2)-D-Glucopyranosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-[[2-O-[2-O-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-7-[(4-O-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 220342-45-0 C48H56O29
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-[[2-O-[2-O-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-7-[(4-O-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-[(2-O-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-7-[(4-O-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 220342-42-7 C39H50O26
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3-[(2-O-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-7-[(4-O-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[2-O-[6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 220948-75-4 C37H38O19
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[2-O-[6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-I(2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— epicatechin(4β->6)catechin 660441-82-7 C30H26O12
    epicatechin(4β->6)catechin
    —— 2-[4-(I(2)-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-3-hydroxyphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 112208-83-0 C22H22O12
    2-[4-(I(2)-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-3-hydroxyphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 6''-O-Acetylliquiritin 166531-17-5 C23H24O10
    6''-O-Acetylliquiritin
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 8-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran-4-one 105098-54-2 C19H12O3
    8-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran-4-one
    —— Acetic acid 7-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxy-phenyl)-3,6,8-trimethoxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-5-yl ester 57393-69-8 C24H22O11
    Acetic acid 7-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxy-phenyl)-3,6,8-trimethoxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-5-yl ester
    —— Sodium;11-[(3,3-diphenylbenzo[f]chromene-8-carbonyl)amino]undecanoate 443890-58-2 C37H38NO4*Na
    Sodium;11-[(3,3-diphenylbenzo[f]chromene-8-carbonyl)amino]undecanoate
    —— 552321-57-0 C38H42N3O4
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C23H24O13
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one